<p> Our nation faces a daunting challenge in assuring that we have a sufficient supply of well-educated, well-prepared teachers for our children. There presently exist several quality teacher preservice programs, nationally and internationally. Unfortunately, each institution varies greatly in its content and emphasis. </p><p> This research project examines a related, but often neglected, aspect of teacher success in the classroom: Are new teachers being given the content and experience that they need and desire? The results of qualitative anecdotal research find the answer to be an emphatic &ldquo;no.&rdquo; This project examines this question through a holistic approach that looks at teacher preparation through a variety of related topics. A few of these include credentialing and licensing practices, retention of teachers, teacher training programs, importance of teachers, and current challenges, to name a few.</p><p> The fact is that the success of our students is ultimately affected by the quality of the teachers that enter the classroom. It&rsquo;s the purpose of this study to raise the question of what our new teachers feel they need to be successful and whether or not those needs are being fulfilled.</p>

Thesis advisor: Maria Estela Brisk / This mixed methods research study examined the impact of an intervention designed to prepare mainstream secondary teacher candidates to identify and teach features of Academic English. The intervention was intended to develop Disciplinary Linguistic Knowledge (Turkan, deOliveira, Phelps, and Lee, 2014) through engagement in several tasks for preparing linguistically responsive teachers (Lucas and Villegas, 2013). Pre-tests, post-tests, and artifacts created by teacher candidates in their fieldwork placements, as well as observations of a small group of teacher candidates teaching in their placement classrooms and interviews with these participants, were collected in order to analyze the effect that the intervention had on the teacher candidates’ identification of features of AE and their planning and implementation of instruction in these features. While the teacher candidates accurately identified features of AE on the post-tests and in the artifacts, only a small number of participants planned or implemented instruction in features of AE in their lessons. The experiences of the participants in the small group illustrated that teacher candidates need, in addition to the ability to identify features of Academic English, knowledge about how to teach these features, a commitment to teaching language in their lessons, and the support of supervisors and cooperating teachers who possess the same knowledge and commitment. The findings suggest that teacher education programs should engage both teacher candidates and the individuals who guide the planning and teaching of lessons in their pre-practicum experiences in developing the essential knowledge of and commitment to teaching Academic English in mainstream content area classrooms. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2015. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Teacher Education, Special Education, Curriculum and Instruction.

<p> The purpose for this study was to add to the current research on the perceptions of superintendent preparation programs within Pennsylvania by examining how participants felt their preparation program prepared them for their current role as a superintendent, assistant superintendent, or assistant to the superintendent. One of the school board&rsquo;s most important responsibilities is selecting a superintendent who is prepared for the position. A superintendent is the top administrative position within a school district with roles and responsibilities that have evolved and changed over time. </p><p> With these various responsibilities, changes in preparation programs must occur in order to prepare qualified candidates for this role. Studies have occurred around the topic of superintendent preparation programs; however, no studies have been conducted examining superintendents&rsquo; perceptions of the preparation programs within Pennsylvania. </p><p> This study used a mixed-method sequential design to answer the four research questions utilizing a survey and an interview. The survey was used to examine how the participants perceive how their superintendent training program prepared them to perform their daily responsibilities as a superintendent, assistant superintendent, or assistant to the superintendent. For the qualitative component of the study, participants were chosen purposefully from those who completed the survey to participate in an interview. Three individuals from each position participated in the interview process.</p><p>

<p> When we view the needs of our students through the lens of access and opportunity for students of African American backgrounds then we can begin to move forward towards a more comprehensive and collaborative approach (Jacobs, 2013; Klingner, et al., 2005). Dr. Asa Hilliard (1991) states, &ldquo;it is a question of whether collectively, as educators and a society, we have the will and vision to educate all children&rdquo; (cited in Boutte, 2012, p. 517). While the current body of research provides a plethora of information on supporting CLD children and families from the perspective of educators, administrators, and institutions of higher education (Banks, Obiakor, &amp; Algozzine, 2013; Cannon &amp; Luckner, 2016; Chu, 2013; Guardino &amp; Cannon, 2016; Hansuvadah, 2009; Harry, 2008; Olivos, Gallagher, &amp; Aguilar, 2010) there is a significant gap in the research literature as it pertains to the parents of children who are Black and have a disability, and their perspective of disparities in access to resources and opportunity. For the purposes of this study, CLD/E refers to children who are Black or African American and have a disability as defined by IDEIA. There are two purposes for this study. This study will explore the parent voice in discussing the issues of access and experiences for children and families who are CLD/E. The second purpose of this study is to examine the manner in which systems are navigated from the CLD parent point of view, specifically those of the African diaspora. Through examining parents&rsquo; experiences, this study will inform the body of research to support the needs of CLD students with disabilities transition throughout their academic careers. This study is guided by the following questions: &bull; How do CLD parents of CLD/E children perceive their child&rsquo;s disability? &bull; How do CLD parents perceive the supports and services available to assist them in supporting the needs of their CLD/E? &bull; What do CLD parents perceive as the facilitators of and the barriers to access and opportunity for services and resources? </p><p> When the information is examined more closely, one can see the trend of students with disabilities not accessing high-level opportunities in the realms of employment, education, independent living, and overall quality of life, and how this trend is compounded when the numbers are examined through the lens of culture and language (Bal, Sullivan, &amp; Harper, 2014; Leake, Burgstahler, &amp; Izzo, 2011; National Research Council, 2002; Povenmire-Kirk, Bethune, Alverson, &amp; Kahn, 2015). Further, by focusing on the population of students the research available is limited in scope as it does not address ways in which all stakeholders can work together to improve outcomes, specifically with the voice of parents. CLD students with exceptionality are therefore limited in their ability to access the same or similar opportunities as their same aged peers who are without disability and oftentimes White.</p><p>

<p> Music education is often one of the first programs that are removed from school districts. With the new language in the &ldquo;Every Student Succeeds Act,&rdquo; it is important that school performance is measured through student engagement, parental involvement, and school culture, for a well-rounded education including music (NAfME, n.d.). The National Coalition for Core Arts Standards redeveloped the music standards in 2014 to include technology (NAfME, n.d.). The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of parental involvement and how access to technology contribute to the success of creating independent musicians in middle school, instrumental music programs. </p><p> A mixed-methods research analysis was completed to explore parental involvement and technology impacts. Interviews were conducted between public and private school music teachers, as well as parent participants. Surveys were sent to parents of both school sites to investigate what factor of parental involvement of Epstein&rsquo;s (1986) framework was most present in a middle school music program. Interviews were coded for common themes. An intervention was also implemented into the study to determine if there was a significant difference in musical growth gained between technology and the traditional teaching method, but also to determine if technology facilitates Zimmerman&rsquo;s (1986) framework of self-regulated learning. Paired samples T-tests were computed on Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software to calculate the comparisons between the methods and their growth scores. There was a significant difference in the pre-test and post-test for both the traditional teaching method and the intervention method. However, there was not a significant difference between the growth rates of both methods. This indicated that either method was an effective way for students to learn a piece of music. In addition, practice logs for the traditional method were coded for evidence of self-regulated learning. Positive communication between parents, teachers and technology in music education that facilitates self-regulated learning impacted the success of students becoming independent musicians in middle school instrumental-music programs. Interviews of two music teachers determined differences between the programs pertaining to support, enrollment, funding and technology. Positive communication between parents and teachers promoted a better understanding of a child&rsquo;s musical development, and that parents want to know that their teacher cares for their child. Computer-based technology in the music classroom demonstrated an effective practice session for students. Students were motivated to do well by utilizing evaluation features of the software. </p><p> Keyword: music education, middle school, parental involvement, communication, student success, self-regulated learning, technology, motivation, independent musicians.</p><p>

Studies show that teachers lack training and confidence when it comes to intervening effectively in bullying situations. The goal of this study is to respond to the appeals of pre-service teachers for more formal training on bullying, including prevention and intervention strategies. A two-hour PREVNet workshop that provides information on bullying, bullying prevention and bullying intervention is offered in four Canadian Teacher Education classes. Two unique questionnaires, each consisting of simulated bullying incidents in a school context and a set of teacher interventions, were developed, piloted with a group of experienced teachers, and used to assess the effect of the workshop on teachers’ reported interventions in bullying situations. The results of a series of repeated measures ANOVAs reveal a marginally significant effect of the workshop on pre-service teachers’ reported interventions (N = 66), with the greatest improvements revealed in participants’ responses to children who bully.

Studies show that teachers lack training and confidence when it comes to intervening effectively in bullying situations. The goal of this study is to respond to the appeals of pre-service teachers for more formal training on bullying, including prevention and intervention strategies. A two-hour PREVNet workshop that provides information on bullying, bullying prevention and bullying intervention is offered in four Canadian Teacher Education classes. Two unique questionnaires, each consisting of simulated bullying incidents in a school context and a set of teacher interventions, were developed, piloted with a group of experienced teachers, and used to assess the effect of the workshop on teachers’ reported interventions in bullying situations. The results of a series of repeated measures ANOVAs reveal a marginally significant effect of the workshop on pre-service teachers’ reported interventions (N = 66), with the greatest improvements revealed in participants’ responses to children who bully.

The purpose of this study was to examine the proficiency or lack of proficiency of prospective teacher education students at two-year community colleges to use and integrate instructional technologies. In addition, this study also examined the perceived perceptions of prospective teacher education students levels of preparedness to use instructional technologies in their future classrooms. Participants in the study were students in a teacher preparation program. The survey was administered to students from six community colleges in the southeastern part of the United States. The Prospective Teacher Education Students Survey was developed and administered to a sample of 109 prospective teacher education students. Results of the study revealed a low proficiency in technology use for database, ethical use understanding, and spreadsheet. Prospective teacher education students reported greater proficiency in computer operation, word processing, and internet use. Low frequency and effectiveness were reported in the use of technology mediated instructional strategies for synchronous communication and simulations. Results indicated higher frequency and effectiveness in technology mediated instructional strategies for word processing and Internet use by students. Generally, students perceived their level of preparedness to implement various technology skills as somewhat well prepared . Descriptive statistics, raw percentages, and independent t-tests were used to analyze the data.

<p> Do professional development sessions in charter schools produce teacher leaders? This is the main question examined in this study. Professional development was established to help with the leadership process and increase teachers&rsquo; capacities overall. Teacher leaders have been deemed as incredibly important to student success and school reformation. Knowing these facts, the researcher sought to probe the utility of professional development in terms of teacher leadership at a charter school whose main intent was reformation. Through a review of the literature, the defining factors for complicated matter such as professional development and teacher leadership were outlined. The literature review helped the researcher look into the parameters of professional development and teacher leadership at what has been given the pseudonym Variety High School. A sociological case study was carried out at Variety High School during the second semester of the 2013-2014 school year. Analysis of focus group interviews, case study observations, and archival documentation were used to examine the impact of professional development on teacher leadership at Variety High School. While there were instances where professional development and teacher leadership were defined and linked to student success, the absence of teacher leadership opportunities was also linked to professional development practices governed by administrative principles. Ultimately, professional development was seen as a powerful tool to increase or decrease more than just leadership for a teacher but quality and skill in general.</p>

<p> Once viewed as a way to establish educational placement, high-stakes testing is used to establish benchmarks for success within school systems. Within a local Utah school district, raising these benchmarks has been deliberated due to a steady decline in Grade 8 language arts scores, which has heightened concerns among local school administrators and teachers. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to examine the perceptions of teachers on how to improve declining Grade 8 language arts test scores. Based on the theoretical concepts of constructivism, 3 research questions were created to examine the underlying factors of the steady decline in Grade 8 language arts test scores, teachers&rsquo; perceptions of decline in Grade 8 test scores, and current instructional practices used by teachers to prepare students for high-stakes testing. Through semi-structured interviews, data were collected from a sample of 7 language arts teachers who held an academic degree in language arts area and were a faculty member at the selected school. Comparative analysis and the open coding process were used to find themes in the data. Specific themes included the need for change, different influences, and varying instructional practices to increase test scores each academic year. An individualized instructional curriculum might help increase test scores. A 3-day, in service workshop focused on helping teachers recognize current issues with test preparation and offered methods to help improve student learning through multiple intelligence-based instruction. This study contributes to social change within local Grade 8 language arts classrooms by providing information to educators on how to increase high-stakes test scores on an annual basis and increase overall student achievement. </p>