Un informe presentado al Profesorado de The Graduate School University of the Pacific Como Requisito Parcial para el Grado de Master of Arts in Inter-American Studies

Statement of the problem: Teachers of economically disadvantaged students face many pragmatic and problematic considerations, one of which is the motoric learning style of their pupils. A theoretical basis for greater involvement in the psycho-motor domain of learning has been presented in educational literature by Dewey, Piaget, Gagne, et al. Recent curriculum approaches seem to neglect psycho-motor development in favor of more cognitive and affective domains of learning. It is the purpose of this film-study to 1) show the application of manipulative instructional aids in teaching Social Studies to economically disadvantaged seventh grade students; and 2) to depict, through the use of film, actual student participation in the learning activity. This study attempts to answer four questions; 1) Who are the economically disadvantaged? 2) What (in part) is the nature of their present learning problem? 3) What are manipulative instructional aids? 4) How may they be used in the classroom to teach the basic subjects, particularly seventh grade Social Studies?

Teachers of economically disadvantaged students face many pragmatic and problematic considerations, one of which is the motoric learning style of their pupils. A theoretical basis for greater involvement in the psycho-motor domain of learning has been presented in educational literature by Dewey, Piaget, Gagne, et al. Recent curriculum approaches seem to neglect psycho-motor development in favor of more cognitive and affective domains of learning.

GaSb is a semiconductor material having a narrow band gap in the infrared spectrum of 0.72 eV. This research is intended to investigate the low cost growth and properties of GaSb and to propose this material as a candidate for a cost effective method of developing a GaSb /silicon tandem solar cell. This work investigated the sputtering of GaSb films onto a glass substrate from a GaSb/Sb split-sputtering target. A GaSb compound was formed by placing Ga and Sb elements inside a vacuum sealed ampule. The ampule was placed inside a box furnace and heated at 800 0 C successfully forming a GaSb compound. Both GaSb and Sb were molded into a semicircular shape in a quartz container. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was conducted on sputtered films in order to confirm their structure. XRD peaks of the film were compared with reference peaks found on the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD). GaSb peaks were apparent at specific sputtering chamber conditions of substrate temperature and source-to-substrate distance. Sputtered GaSb films were then further characterized with the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Hall Effect measurements. A theoretical thickness of the films was calculated using FTIR measurements to be about 1 μm and 0.35 μm for the films grown on a substrate heated with heater powers of 280 watts and 250 watts respectively. SEM confirmed the sample thicknesses with 20% error. Hall Effect measurements resulted in a high carrier concentration and low free carrier activation energy; 7.545 x1019 cm-3 and 0.1017 eV respectively. These values are attributed to the possible existence of anti-site defects. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc)

An association between compatible but ABO non-identical red blood cell (RBC) transfusions and increased in-hospital mortality was identified in an observational study. A review of the literature was performed to explore plausible biological mechanisms and inflammation was chosen. This thesis describes a body of work that was performed to develop a PICOT research question and design a pilot feasibility randomized crossover trial in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) to determine whether there is evidence of an inflammatory response resulting from transfusion of ABO non-identical RBCs compared with the transfusion of ABO identical RBCs. The work undertaken as part of this thesis included: identifying a theoretical framework to guide the selection of outcome measures that would detect inflammation; identifying an appropriate and feasible population to study; designing the feasibility pilot study to answer the research question that was developed; and a discussion of ethical issues that were considered as the design of the pilot study was developed. The work that was done to develop the elements of PICOT resulted in the following research question: Is it feasible to perform a randomized crossover trial in chronically transfused blood group A patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), that looks for laboratory evidence of inflammation (in vitro biomarkers measured at baseline and pre-specified times between 1 and 96 hours post transfusion), following the transfusion of group O RBCs (ABO non-identical) compared to transfusion of group A (ABO identical) RBCs? / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

Германаты R2Ge2O7 (R=Tb-Lu, Y) имеют широкую область применения благодаря многообразию свойств, в том числе, благодаря оптическим свойствам. Кристаллическая структура этих соединений изучена достаточно хорошо, в то время как экспериментальных данных по фононным спектрам и упругим постоянным нет. В научной печати имеются только данные об ИК и КР спектрах поликристаллического образца Y2Ge2O7, из которых были определены частоты менее половины фононных мод. В связи с этим представляется актуальным провести первопринципное исследование структуры и динамики ряда R2Ge2O7 (R=Tb-Lu, Y). В работе в рамках единого ab initio подхода были проведены расчеты кристаллической структуры, частот и интенсивностей ИК и КР спектров, а также упругих постоянных R2Ge2O7. Из анализа векторов смещений, полученных из первопринципного расчета, определена степень участия ионов в каждой моде. Расчет фононных спектров и упругих постоянных для редкоземельных германатов R2Ge2O7 выполнен впервые. Расчеты проводились в рамках теории функционала плотности с гибридным функционалом PBE0, который учитывает локальный и нелокальный (в формализме Хартри-Фока) обмен, а также межэлектронные корреляции. Такой подход надежно опробован для сложных соединений с ионной и ионно-ковалентной связью. Расчеты были проведены в программе CRYSTAL17, предназначенной для моделирования периодических структур в рамках МО ЛКАО подхода. Результаты расчетов R2Ge2O7 хорошо согласуются с экспериментальными данными по кристаллической структуре, а также с имеющимися данными по ИК и КР спектрам для Y2Ge2O7. Расчеты позволили определить типы мод в измеренных спектрах иттриевого германата, а также описать изменение частот фононных мод и упругих свойств соединений R2Ge2O7 в ряду R=Tb-Lu. / Germanates R2Ge2O7 (R = Tb-Lu, Y) have a wide area of applications due to the variety of properties, including optical properties. The crystal structure of these compounds has been studied quite well, but there are no experimental data of phonon spectra and elastic constants. In the articles only the IR and Raman spectra of the polycrystalline Y2Ge2O7 are available, from which the frequencies of less than half of the phonon modes were determined. In this regard, it seems actual to conduct ab-initio study of the structure and dynamics of the row R2Ge2O7 (R = Tb-Lu, Y). In the framework of a single ab initio approach were calculated the crystal structure, frequencies and intensities of the IR and Raman spectra and elastic constants of R2Ge2O7. From the analysis of displacement vectors obtained from an ab-initio calculation, the degree of participation of ions in each mode is determined. The calculation of phonon spectra and elastic constants for rare-earth germanates R2Ge2O7 was performed for the first time. The calculations were carried out in the framework of the density functional theory with the PBE0 hybrid functional, which takes into account local and nonlocal (in the Hartree-Fock formalism) exchange, as well as interelectronic correlations. This approach has been reliably tested for complex compounds with ion and ion-covalent bonds. The calculations were carried out in the CRYSTAL17 program, designed to simulate periodic structures within the framework of the MO LCAO approach. The results of calculations of R2Ge2O7 are in good agreement with the experimental data of the crystal structure and with the available data of IR and Raman spectra for Y2Ge2O7. The calculations made it possible to determine the types of modes in the measured spectra of yttrium germanate and to describe the change in the frequencies of the phonon modes and the elastic properties of R2Ge2O7 compounds in the row R = Tb-Lu.

Fed cattle carcass characteristics on the live animal (lean and fat deposition) evolve over time directly impacting weight, quality and yield grades. Given buyer valuation is ultimately based on these characteristics’, fed cattle output value evolve as well. Fed beef is a time dependent process where input costs accrue over time. Previous dynamic profit optimization simulations for live animal transactions outperformed marketing based on a carcass end-point target from live animal evaluations. However, the profit model assumed constant live cash price and did not account for the evolution of the underlying carcass value over time. The model developed in this research extends the previous modeling framework in both directions. The opportunity costs of not accounting for carcass value are presented and are consistent regardless of the average seasonal price pattern recently observed. Though the accuracy of carcass characteristic prediction were fairly reliable, more research is needed in this area.

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This book of poetry represents my best poems written in the last 14 months. The themes that arise are not project themes but personal interests. Chronologically it charts much of my life, beginning before I’m born, and ending in an uncertain future. It focuses primarily on the last five years (trip to France, graduation from college and graduate school, and starting a family). It is not about coming of age, because the speaker doesn’t. Instead it plays with the idea of growing up, the impossibility of it and the inevitability of it. I want it to be a series of paper airplanes to terminals in the airport of everyday life. They are spaces between living that represent life. It can be read chronologically. It could be read backwards. It can be read with feet up or down. The poems like coffee. During takeoff and landing please put seat in upright position, and tray tables up. In the time between beginning and ending the world should change. The book creatively and thoughtfully conveys an emotional understanding that is my own, and that deserves to be shared because it insists on being written down, over and over again. / Master of Fine Arts