Air transport is an important part of any major domestic transport system. Consequently significant insight, analysis and methodological effort is necessary to devise an analytical model of a domestic air transport network with a view to the optimisation. Since the advent of airline deregulation in the US in 1978, most domestic airlines have adopted a routing and scheduling strategy known as hub and spoke. The adoption of this system presents a major change to network planning and operations for most airlines. The hub and spoke system proposed in this dissertation is for developing countries and based on the domestic Iranian air transport network. The aim of the research is to devise a practical domestic air transport network system, capable of dealing with strategic aspects of network planning and evaluation.

The following research looks into the concept of sea-air intermodality, a combination of two or more modes of transport for the carriage of goods from origin to destination. The study examines why and how this form of transport evolved to become a viable alternative to the conventional single modes of ocean and air transport. The viability of the sea-air mode depends on various equally important factors which are analysed in depth, with a special emphasis on the sea-air transfer port. fn this context, research findings of the world's existing sea-air hubs are recorded and evaluated in terms of their present and future trends. At a sea-air transfer hub, ocean cargo is converted to direct air freight, thus adding new volumes of air cargoes. In this respect, sea-air plays a positive role in the present and future development of the air freight industry. The impact of the sea-air mode can be most clearly seen in the case study analysis in Chapter 10 of this thesis, whereby the potential for 'convertibility' of large portions of low density ocean cargoes to the sea-aix mode, is successfully demonstrated.

This thesis sets out to provide a model for the calculation of private car trips to large foodstores based on local area household characteristics. It recognises the weakness in predicting private-car trips to large stores using trip-rates obtained from surveys of stores in other areas. The trip generation model that is sought must be easily applied and must use readily accessible data. It is proposed therefore that a relationship be sought between private- car trips to the stores and the household characteristics, obtainable from census data, of the local catchment area. The model thus obtained would be used for strategic planning control.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-10-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:32:07Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 sousa_jl_me_rcla.pdf: 6318676 bytes, checksum: 934ab4d91f709dbfd28e37924b0b6217 (MD5) / Nos últimos cinqüenta anos as cidades cresceram muito rapidamente. No mundo inteiro tivemos praticamente uma inversão entre o número de habitantes rurais e urbanos. De acordo com o último censo demográfico brasileiro (2000) 81.25% da população vive em centros urbanos. O processo de urbanização nas cidades traz diversas alterações à camada limite urbana o que direta ou indiretamente pode conduzir à formação de microclimas diferenciados em diferentes regiões da cidade, levando a condições adversas de conforto. Os estudos urbanos do clima têm se baseado há muito tempo nas diferenças de temperatura observada entre as cidades e suas regiões rurais, descrevendo coletivamente o efeito urbano da ilha de calor. O desenvolvimento das análises bioclimáticas a respeito do clima urbano deve ter como um objetivo final o estabelecimento de propostas concretas para um planejamento urbano orientado ao clima e a mitigação do efeito das ilhas urbanas de calor. O Pólo Têxtil de Americana é uma região formada por cidades médias do estado de São Paulo. Estas cidades cresceram muito rapidamente nas últimas décadas; tendo como conseqüência a necessidade de uma compreensão dos efeitos antropogênicos na cidade. Esta pesquisa apresenta, assim, uma analise sobre os climas de Americana, Nova Odessa, Santa Bárbara D'Oeste e Sumaré baseada no planejamento urbano e na análise de séries históricas de meteorologia e no sensoriamento remoto. As diferenças térmicas das vizinhanças, da atividade urbana e de componentes urbanos são comparadas. A conclusão mais importante obtida nessa pesquisa é que parte das mudanças microclimáticas atribuídas às atividades humanas em áreas urbanas, é reversível a curto prazo (talvez semanas ou meses), se ações eficazes forem realizadas para controlar as fontes de calor e poluição melhorando a qualidade ambiental urbana. / In the last fifty years cities have grown very fast. In the whole world there was practically an inversion between the number of agricultural and urban inhabitants. According to the last Brazilian demographic census (2000) 81,25% of population lived in urban centers. The urbanization process in cities brings several alterations to the urban boundary layer that directly or indirectly may lead to the formation of different microclimates in different regions of the city, causing diverse comfort conditions. Urban climate studies have long been concerned about the magnitude of the difference in observed ambient air temperature between cities and their surrounding rural regions, which collectively describe the urban heat island (UHI) effect. The development of bioclimatic analysis regarding urban climate must have as a final goal the establishment of concrete proposals for a climate oriented urban planning and for mitigated the UHI effect. The Americana Textil Polo is a region formated by medium sizes cities in São Paulo state. This cities has grown very fast in the last decades; consequently it's necessary to understand the anthropogenic effects into the city. This research presents, a analyzes about Americana, Nova Odessa, Santa Bárbara D'Oeste e Sumaré climates based in urban planning and historical temporary series of meteorology and remote sensing. Data from a fixed metereological station were used to make de measurements. The thermal differences of neighborhoods, urban activity and urban components were compared. The conclusion shows that some evidences of the influence of weekly human activities rhythm on the climate system under anthropic influence. The most important conclusion that could be brought in the future is that part of the micro-climate changes attributed to human activity in urban areas, is reversible in short time (maybe weeks or months).

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abstract: Planners are often involved in the development of 'visions' for specific projects or larger plans. These visions often serve as guideposts for more specific plans or projects and the visioning process is important for involving community members into the planning process. This paper provides a review of the recent literature published about visioning and is intended to provide guidance for visioning activities in planning projects. I use the general term "vision" in reference to a desirable state in the future. The body of academic literature on visioning in planning has been growing over the last decade. However, the planning literature on visioning is diverse and dispersed, posing various challenges to researchers and planners seeking guidance for their own planning (research) activities. For one, relevant articles on visioning are scattered over different strands of literature ranging from traditional planning literature (Journal of the American Planning Association, Planning Practice and Research, etc.) to less traditional and intuitive sources (Futures, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology). Further, some of them not easily identifiable and may not be openly accessible via the Internet. Thus, our review intends to help collect and synthesize this literature and begin to provide guidance for the future of visioning in the field of planning. I do this by compiling visioning literature from different strands of the planning literature, synthesizing key insights into visioning in (urban) planning, undertaking exemplary appraisals of visioning approaches in planning against quality criteria, and deriving conclusions for visioning research and practice. From this review, I highlight areas of opportunity and ways forward in order to make visioning more effective and more influential for the future of communities throughout the world. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.U.E.P. Urban and Environmental Planning 2013

A pesquisa tem como tema o Planejamento Urbano no Brasil e versa especificamente sobre a avaliação do desempenho do Serviço Federal de Habitação e Urbanismo (SERFHAU). Cobriu todo o período de existência do órgão, de 1964 até 1974. O SERFHAU tinha como função, desde promover pesquisas relativas ao déficit habitacional até assistir os municípios na elaboração de seus Planos Diretores. Fazem parte deste trabalho, a coleta e a sistematização de informações relativas ao SERFHAU, enquanto órgão de planejamento federal integrado ao desenvolvimento municipal. São aqui apresentadas as atribuições do SERFHAU e de órgãos a ele relacionados, como o Banco Nacional da Habitação e o Serviço Nacional dos Municípios. Para a compreensão da metodologia adotada pelo SERFHAU, foram tomados como objetos de estudo o Plano de Ação Concentrada, o Plano de Desenvolvimento Local Integrado (PDLI) e o material dos Seminários e Cursos organizados pelo SERFHAU. São apresentados alguns estudos de casos de Municípios que elaboraram PDLI: Diadema, Itapetininga, Araçatuba e Guarujá. / he topic of this research is urban planning in Brazil, with emphasis on the evaluation of the performance of the Federal Service of Habitation and Urbanism (SERFHAU). The work covers the whole period of existence of that institution, from 1964 to 1974. The SERFHAU had a most diversified field of action, going from the sponsoring of researches related to problems of housing shortage up to the offering of assistance to local governments in the elaboration of city plans. This work has both collected and systematized the existing data on the activities of the SERFHAU as a federal institution of planning closely concerned with problems of town development. Not only the main responsibilities of the SERFHAU but also those of the organs related to it, such as the Banco Nacional da Habitação and the Serviço Nacional dos Municípios, have been here discussed. For a better understanding of the SERFHAU methodology, this study has also focused on its Plano de Ação Concentrada and its Plano de Desenvolvimento Local Integrado (PDLI), as well as on the material provided by the courses and conferences organized by the SERFHAU. Finally, four cases of towns that have adopted the PDLI methodology -namely, Diadema, Itapetininga, Araçatuba and Guarujá - have also been discussed.

capstone poster

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