Thesis (Ph.D.)--Old Dominion University, 2001. / Advisor: Pindur, Wolfgang. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Dallas, 2007. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-111)

Orientador: Augusto Caccia-Bava / Banca: Carla Gandini Giani Martelli / Banca: Mirlene Fátima Simões Wexell Severo / Resumo: A sociedade civil brasileira tem sido caracterizada, também, por sua violência urbana. Os estudos referentes ao tema apontam a existência de grupos e categorias sociais mais vulneráveis à esse tipo de violência. Para subsidiar políticas públicas de urbanização e segurança urbana de superação da violência, é importante o estudo das experiências de grupos familiares em conjuntos habitacionais populares, em especial suas experiências num condomínio que conta, em seu em torno, com a prática da violência, tornando-se território de reprodução da insegurança urbana familiar. O presente projeto se dirige ao estudo de famílias que vivem essa experiência, na condição de moradores do Condomínio Residencial dos Oitis, na cidade de Araraquara. A metodologia a se recorrer é a de estudo de caso de grupos, a partir de entrevistas. O resultado esperado é a identificação das capacidades desses grupos familiares, articuladas às unidades públicas governamentais, para enfrentarem a violência urbana local / Abstract: Brazil's civil society has often been characterized by its urban violence. Studies on this theme indicate the existence of groups and social categories that are particularly vulnerable to this type of violence. In order to complement public urbanisation, urban security and anti-violence policies, it is important to study the experiences of family groups in popular housing. In particular, focus must be placed on their experiences in condominiums that are surrounded by violence and have become territories of urban insecurity for families. The present project examines families from the "Condomínio Residencial dos Oitis" in the city of Araraquara that are living through this experience of urban violence and urban insecurity. The primary methodology is the study of group cases obtained through interviews. The desired result is the identification of the capabilities of these family groups, which can then be communicated to local public government welfare units in order to address local urban violence / Mestre

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009. / Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 284-302). Issued in print and online. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations.

This thesis examines how informal mediation is practiced in Brazil’s urban periphery communities, which are often associated with high levels of violence and insecurity. Based on ethnographic data from low-income neighborhoods in Florianópolis, my analysis of local people’s interventions offers insight into the way that non-state, unarmed actors exercise mediative agency in the midst of everyday violence and insecurity. While a growing body of research shows that state and non-state actors are guided by diverse conceptions, intentions and approaches when they attempt to mediate public and private conflict amongst residents, less attention has been paid to the symbiotic relationship between, or the social impact of, conflict intervention and the reproduction of violence. This thesis argues that interveners use their interactions with antagonists in a particular territory in order to cultivate nondominant power, which serves to obstruct and interrupt the way that violence reproduces and transmits into residents’ lives. As such, it suggests that mediators can enable social change because they have a very particular relationship with the different and interdependent types of violence present in the periphery. Interveners develop and deploy a repertoire of social mediative tactics in order to contend with the complexity of local tensions and the erosion of democratic citizenship that these tensions produce. Defining mediative practices as a source of power invites discussion into community mediation’s strategic potential in the project of urban peacebuilding and violence reduction, positing new directions for applied practices in Brazil and beyond.

Submitted by ANNIE RANGEL KOPANAKIS null (annie_rk@hotmail.com) on 2016-05-08T14:14:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VERSAO COMPLETA FINAL.pdf: 3887192 bytes, checksum: 0b555cb7c428af31f9192a4cf2de678f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-05-10T17:43:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 kopanakis_ar_me_arafcl.pdf: 3887192 bytes, checksum: 0b555cb7c428af31f9192a4cf2de678f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-10T17:43:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 kopanakis_ar_me_arafcl.pdf: 3887192 bytes, checksum: 0b555cb7c428af31f9192a4cf2de678f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-16 / A sociedade civil brasileira tem sido caracterizada, também, por sua violência urbana. Os estudos referentes ao tema apontam a existência de grupos e categorias sociais mais vulneráveis à esse tipo de violência. Para subsidiar políticas públicas de urbanização e segurança urbana de superação da violência, é importante o estudo das experiências de grupos familiares em conjuntos habitacionais populares, em especial suas experiências num condomínio que conta, em seu em torno, com a prática da violência, tornando-se território de reprodução da insegurança urbana familiar. O presente projeto se dirige ao estudo de famílias que vivem essa experiência, na condição de moradores do Condomínio Residencial dos Oitis, na cidade de Araraquara. A metodologia a se recorrer é a de estudo de caso de grupos, a partir de entrevistas. O resultado esperado é a identificação das capacidades desses grupos familiares, articuladas às unidades públicas governamentais, para enfrentarem a violência urbana local. / Brazil’s civil society has often been characterized by its urban violence. Studies on this theme indicate the existence of groups and social categories that are particularly vulnerable to this type of violence. In order to complement public urbanisation, urban security and anti-violence policies, it is important to study the experiences of family groups in popular housing. In particular, focus must be placed on their experiences in condominiums that are surrounded by violence and have become territories of urban insecurity for families. The present project examines families from the "Condomínio Residencial dos Oitis" in the city of Araraquara that are living through this experience of urban violence and urban insecurity. The primary methodology is the study of group cases obtained through interviews. The desired result is the identification of the capabilities of these family groups, which can then be communicated to local public government welfare units in order to address local urban violence.

Orientador: Adilson Jose Ruiz / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T01:19:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Colucci_MariaBeatriz_D.pdf: 570060 bytes, checksum: 2c375530ab71bdafaabdd1bc3609857a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Esta tese analisa a violência urbana em quatro documentários brasileiros lançados no período de 1999 a 2003: Notícias de uma guerra particular (1999), O rap do pequeno príncipe contra as almas sebosas (2000), Ônibus 174 (2002) e O prisioneiro da grade de ferro (2003). Como um painel sobre a contemporaneidade, estes filmes conformam uma certa etnografia audiovisual da violência urbana brasileira, vista como um campo complexo de relações articuladas a esse contexto histórico específico. Tais relações apontam para o rompimento da invisibilidade dos setores sociais que vivem nos espaços de exclusão brasileiros; e sua presença na mídia, especialmente no cinema, forma, então, um conjunto significante acerca do momento histórico vivenciado no Brasil no início do século XXI, e permite identificar diferentes estratégias utilizadas para o filme representar, ou representificar essa realidade histórica. Neste sentido, quatro modos se destacam: (1) as relações com o contexto histórico, que evidenciam a violência urbana brasileira no período; (2) o tipo de negociações entre os "sujeitos" documentaristas e documentados, suas implicações e determinações, o discurso construído e sua articulação na estrutura da narrativa; (3) as passagens entre imagens que permitem níveis diferenciados de recepção do tema e remetem às relações midiáticas inseridas no imaginário contemporâneo; e (4) a superação de modelos e a renovação na linguagem, que manifestam fragmentação, hibridismo e reflexividade, marcas do cinema contemporâneo. Tendo por base a trajetória do filme documentário até a contemporaneidade, suas diversas definições e categorizações; este trabalho situa seus principais marcos e discussões, levando em conta, ainda, a contribuição da antropologia e das pesquisas e críticas sobre a imagem e o filme documentário, além da tematização da violência pelo cinema brasileiro. / Abstract: This thesis analyses urban violence represented in four Brazilian documentaries that were released between 1999 and 2003: News of a private war (1999), Little Prince's Rap against nasty souls (2000), Bus 174 (2002), and The prisoner of the iron bars (2003). As an overall view of contemporary times, these films present an audiovisual ethnography of Brazilian urban violence, seen as a complex field of relationships that are articulated in this specific historical context. Such relationships point to the end of the invisibility of social sectors that have lived in spaces of exclusion in Brazil; and the presence of such a subject in the midia, especially in the movies, forms, therefore, a significant set about the historical moment lived in Brazil at the beginning of the XXI century, and it allows identifying different strategies used by the movie to represent or re-represent this historic reality. In this sense, four strategic ways are highlighted: (1) the relationships with the historical context that show Brazilian urban violence in that period; (2) the type of negotiation between the "subjects" who made the documentaries and the ones represented in the documentaries, their implications and determinations, the discourse that was built and its articulation in the structure of the narrative; (3) the passages between images that allow different levels of perception of the theme and that lead to the media relationships involved in contemporary thinking; and (4) the overcoming of models and the renovation in language that show fragmentation, hybridism and reflection, trademarks of contemporary cinema. Taking the history of the documentary film up to contemporary times as a base, with its diverse definitions and categories, this work presents its main achievements and discussions, even taking into consideration the contribution of anthropology, research, and critique of the image and of the documentary film, going beyond the theme of violence represented by the Brazilian cinema. / Doutorado / Multimeios / Doutor em Multimeios

This thesis examines how informal mediation is practiced in Brazil’s urban periphery communities, which are often associated with high levels of violence and insecurity. Based on ethnographic data from low-income neighborhoods in Florianópolis, my analysis of local people’s interventions offers insight into the way that non-state, unarmed actors exercise mediative agency in the midst of everyday violence and insecurity. While a growing body of research shows that state and non-state actors are guided by diverse conceptions, intentions and approaches when they attempt to mediate public and private conflict amongst residents, less attention has been paid to the symbiotic relationship between, or the social impact of, conflict intervention and the reproduction of violence. This thesis argues that interveners use their interactions with antagonists in a particular territory in order to cultivate nondominant power, which serves to obstruct and interrupt the way that violence reproduces and transmits into residents’ lives. As such, it suggests that mediators can enable social change because they have a very particular relationship with the different and interdependent types of violence present in the periphery. Interveners develop and deploy a repertoire of social mediative tactics in order to contend with the complexity of local tensions and the erosion of democratic citizenship that these tensions produce. Defining mediative practices as a source of power invites discussion into community mediation’s strategic potential in the project of urban peacebuilding and violence reduction, positing new directions for applied practices in Brazil and beyond. / Marie Curie Sustainable Peacebuilding Fellowship

Thesis advisor: Zine Magubane / Thesis advisor: Nora Gross / The career of a high guidance counselor can range from topics of teenage drama, college decisions, and the annual class selection meeting; however, what are they to do when gun violence is currently the number 1 cause of death for children 1-19 (Everytown, 2022). Legally, students are expected to spend 49% or 180 days of the year within the walls of a school for at least 6 hours, in turn, the institution of schools has become a place for making friends, connections, and experiences, whether they be good or bad (Pew, 2023). When gun violence plagues the walls of a school, support generally falls to counselors to help students navigate their emotions and grief. However, schools and counselors do not necessarily have the resources or training to provide that support. Particularly in under-resourced urban neighborhoods, counselors may already be spread too thin in their responsibilities, worsening the effects of gun violence and unresolved grief. Further, some counselors cannot understand their students' lived experiences because the differences in their racial, financial, and geographical upbringing promote a culture of misunderstanding and inability to solve root issues with cultural competency (Englert-Copeland, 2019). In this study, we aim to examine how schools and counselors support students impacted by gun violence, focusing on two major metropolitan areas on the East Coast: Boston and Philadelphia. The problem the project is addressing is the way schools situate themselves in helping students’ grief, given the increase in adolescent gun violence throughout the United States. Philadelphia has seen a particular increase in gun violence over the past decade (Philadelphia Police Department, 2022). Per the Philadelphia Office of the Controller, they found that 10.9% of all gun deaths within the city were people under 19 years of age for the 2023 year to date (2023). Everytown Research found that in “Massachusetts, the rate of gun deaths increased 16% from 2010 to 2019, compared to a 17% increase nationwide; gun homicides increased 26%, compared to a 13% increase and 26% increase nationwide, respectively” (Everytown, 2021). On the other hand, the city of Boston has seen a decrease in the gun violence rate over the past few years (Massachusetts Department of Public Health, 2022) While Boston does have one of the lowest gun violence rates in the world, students there experience grief over losing loved ones from neighborhood gun violence. The state noted that gun violence deaths are the 3rd-leading cause of death among children and teens in Massachusetts (2021). Through the research, we hope to identify best practices and strategies for schools and counselors to better support students impacted by gun violence and reduce the negative effects of unresolved grief. By examining the experiences of students in these two urban areas, we believe that we can contribute to the broader conversation about how to address this critical issue in schools and communities across the country. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2024. / Submitted to: Boston College. Morrissey School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Sociology. / Discipline: Departmental Honors.

In recent years urban violence has become understood as a 'reproduced', multi-causal and socially generated phenomenon. Less is understood about why young men reproduce the majority of this violence. This thesis uses original empirical data based on thirty-two life-histories of youths living in two poor and violent neighbourhoods in Medellín, Colombia. It argues that urban violence is reproduced by male youths because it is linked to 'masculinity'; that is, the process of 'becoming men' where youths strive to fulfil productive or 'successful' models of masculinity. These processes are related to contexts of poverty, inequality and exclusion, so this thesis does not reduce the generation of urban violence to masculinity alone. Rather, understanding masculinity provides us with further insight into the reproduction of violence. This thesis further argues that male youths are disposed by their habitus - after Pierre Bourdieu - to negotiate a pathway to manhood that largely reflects traditional masculine values in their context. Striving to achieve prevailing versions of manhood contributed to some of these youths joining armed groups, such as gangs. The gang acted as a mechanism to fulfil their dispositions to become men, by providing them with a way to perform a version of 'successful' masculinity. This is prevalent in urban contexts of exclusion and high levels of social violence, because there are limited opportunities to achieve legal and dignified versions of manhood, whilst there are significant opportunities to join the local gang. The youths interviewed that did not join gangs tended to come from families that taught them to reject violence at a young age, whilst supporting them in pursuing alternative pathways to manhood. Youths that joined gangs tended to have more problems at home and often had family members already in gangs.