Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Texas, May, 2007. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.

Overcapacity is a self-reflexive, personal journey film that explores the filmmaker's exploration of his lifelong problem with obesity and health. The film follows his progress as he discusses his weight problem with his partner and parents as well as works with a personal trainer and doctor in an effort to affect a lifestyle change while also confronting issues that have led to and perpetuate his current health situation.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of rapid weight loss on wrestlers' efficiency incorporating competitive aspects of the sport into the research procedures. Six subjects were selected from the North Texas State University Wrestling Club. Eight cardiovascular and neuromuscular measurements were taken and recorded before treatment and following treatment. Astrand's bicycle ergometer test was utilized to obtain exhaustive, heart rates. Data were analyzed by a one-tailed t test at the .05 level. Conclusion of the investigation was that following 6.25 per cent rapid loss of body weight, over a period of one week, no loss of efficiency occurred among wrestlers under simulated competitive conditions.

BACKGROUND:Obesity is an urgent public health problem, yet only a few clinical trials have systematically tested the efficacy of long-term weight-loss maintenance interventions. This randomized clinical trial tested the efficacy of a novel mind and body technique for weight-loss maintenance.METHODS:Participants were obese adults who had completed a six-month behavioral weight-loss program prior to randomization. Those who successfully lost weight were randomized into either an experimental weight-loss maintenance intervention, Tapas Acupressure Technique (TAT(R)), or a control intervention comprised of social-support group meetings (SS) led by professional facilitators. TAT combines self-applied light pressure to specific acupressure points accompanied by a prescribed sequence of mental steps. Participants in both maintenance conditions attended eight group sessions over six months of active weight loss maintenance intervention, followed by an additional 6 months of no intervention. The main outcome measure was change in weight from the beginning of the weight loss maintenance intervention to 12 months later. Secondary outcomes were change in depression, stress, insomnia, and quality of life. We used analysis of covariance as the primary analysis method. Missing values were replaced using multiple imputation.RESULTS:Among 285 randomized participants, 79% were female, mean age was 56 (standard deviation (sd) = 11), mean BMI at randomization was 34 (sd = 5), and mean initial weight loss was 9.8 kg (sd = 5). In the primary outcome model, there was no significant difference in weight regain between the two arms (1.72 kg (se 0.85) weight regain for TAT and 2.96 kg (se 0.96) weight regain for SS, p < 0.097) Tests of between- arm differences for secondary outcomes were also not significant. A secondary analysis showed a significant interaction between treatment and initial weight loss (p < .036), with exploratory post hoc tests showing that greater initial weight loss was associated with more weight regain for SS but less weight regain for TAT.CONCLUSIONS:The primary analysis showed no significant difference in weight regain between TAT and SS, while secondary and post hoc analyses indicate direction for future research.TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00526565

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Bakgrund: Under senare tid har mediedebatten fokuserats kring olika dieters påverkan på viktminskning och välbefinnande. De moderna dieterna har debatterats av läkare, forskare och myndigheter, då extrema lågkolhydratsdieter innehåller alltför mycket fett vilket vissa menar kan leda till framtida folksjukdomar. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka ett begränsat antal dieters påverkan på viktminskning och välmående samt att belysa betydelsen av en helhetssyn på våra kostvanor. Metod: Denna litteraturstudie är baserad på fyra vetenskapliga artiklar som var relevanta och intressanta för syftet. Resultat: Samtliga av de artiklar som undersökte sambandet mellan olika dieter och vikt visade på en tydlig viktminskning hos alla deltagare. LCHF-dieten gav den snabbaste viktminskningen. När det gäller välmående visade samtliga i alla studiegrupper en förbättring i sitt psykologiska välbefinnande och välmående. Den undersökning som behandlade kostvanor kom fram till att det behövs en helhetssyn på skolmåltiden för att få en optimal måltidsupplevelse med tanke på elevernas hälsa och välbefinnande. Slutsats: Undersökningen visar på en tydlig viktminskning oavsett diet och att det fysiska och psykologiska välbefinnandet förbättrades, det fordras däremot ytterligare forskning för att studera de olika dieternas långsiktiga påverkan samt att det krävs en helhetssyn på våra kostvanor redan i unga år för att leva ett friskare och mer välmående liv. / B-uppsatser

The purpose of this investgation was to study the effects of repeated weight loss and physical training on the plasma levels of testosterone, growth hormone, insulin and cortisol. A further purpose of this study was to determine if changes in plasma hormone concentrations could be avoided through a nutritional education program and the addition of nutritional supplements to the diet. Lastly the effects of acute and seasonal weight loss upon mean anerobic power, peak power, and percent fatigue were measured.MethodsA total of 34 adolescent high school wrestlers ranging age from 14 to 18 years, were pair matched for age, size, percentage weight loss, and skill level (varsity or JV) and then randomly assigned into a control and treatment group. The treatment group recieved a nutritonal education program and nutritional supplements. Blood samples were taken four times throughout the study period: once in the preseason (October 14), twice in December (Dec. 7 and 14), and once in January (Jan. 13). The blood was drawn at the same time each morning after an 8 hour fast. The blood was analyzed to detect changes over time and between groups for hemoglobin, hematocrit, and plasma levels of insulin, cortisol, testosterone, and growth hormone. The wrestlers were also measured for caloric and nutrient intake, weight, height, body fat percentages, and for arm power with the Wingate test. The experimental design consisted of a pretest-posttest randomized groups test design. The hormone and power data were analyzed with a repeated measures ANOVA, and a probability level of 0.05 or above was chosen as statistical significance. Polynomial contrasts were used to determine whether significant differences over time followed linear, quadratic, or cubic trends. Post hoc tests were also used to determine where the difference did exist.ResultsThere were no significant (p<0.05) differences between the treatment and control groups in any variable tested. Over the experimental period, each group showed significant (p<0.05) decreases in weight, percent body fat, and fat free weight. No significant changes (p<0.05) in any of the power indicies occurred, but specific trends were apparent. Both groups had reductions in their absolute peak and mean power, and increases in their relative peak and mean power. Changes in percent fatigue and fatigue slope were inconsistent and nonsignificant. Serum concentrations of cortisol and insulin showed significant (p<0.05) decrements over the investigative period. The decline in serum growth hormone levels approached significance (p = 0.085), and serum testosterone levels showed a nonsignificant decreasing trend. Hormone levels per kilogram free fat weight were not changed, along with testosterone to cortisol ratios, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.ConclusionsThe treatment of consuming a nutritional beverage (Exceed) and information on proper dieting did not produce a significant (p<0.05) difference between the groups. Over time the wrestlers lost significant amounts of weight, body fat, and fat free weight due to significant decreases in the intake of calories in the form of fat, protein and carbohydrate. There were also significant decreases in plasma levels of insulin and cortisol. These results indicate that weight loss over a wrestling season may significantly alter plasma hormone levels. / School of Physical Education