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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

[en] SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE: THE DIALOGUE BETWEEN THE RIGHT TO HOUSING AND THE RIGHT TO THE ENVIRONMENT / [pt] JUSTIÇA SOCIOAMBIENTAL: O DIÁLOGO ENTRE OS DIREITOS À MORADIA E AO MEIO AMBIENTE EQUILIBRADO

JEAN MARC SASSON 14 January 2019 (has links)
[pt] O presente trabalho visa compreender a tensão existente entre o direito fundamental à moradia e o direito fundamental ao meio ambiente a partir do fenômeno das ocupações em áreas de preservação permanente. O estudo parte da análise das questões urbanas envolvidas, sobretudo os processo de urbanização brasileiro e a tutela da moradia e do ambiente no ordenamento jurídico como direitos fundamentais na Constituição de 1988. Adota a abordagem interdisciplinar para a análise de casos de referência e analisa de decisões judiciais pertinentes. Tem como pressuposto as relações de vulnerabilidade presente nos conflitos entre estes direitos, para os quais apresenta como a diretriz de harmonização para o seu equacionamento a justiça socioambiental. / [en] The present dissertation aimed to understand the tension between the fundamental right to housing and the fundamental right to the environment from the phenomenon of occupations in areas of permanent preservation. At the outset, to understand the phenomenon, was considered the essential aspects of the urban question that involves urban growth without planning, reproduction of the labor force in the capitalist market, access to urban land and private property, housing deficit, unequal allocation of public equipment and services in urban space. The urban question that arises in the context of the construction of an urban space of an essentially social character needs to be understood from the point of view of social dynamics. That is, understanding the participation, responsibilities and the way of acting of each urban actor is paramount for facing the urban question. In addition, in order to understand the tensions between urban actors and institutions, the right to the city is an effective way of harmonizing and overcoming obstacles in the dialogue between fundamental rights housing and the environment. It is still to be considered in the attempt to harmonize them, the environment has now assumed the biocentric vision, in which the protection of all forms of life prevails and not only of human life. For the purposes of equalizing the tension between rights, the environment will have its relative value recognizing and assuming the environmental damages already produced as a way to also meet the most basic human needs related to the right to housing.
2

[pt] ALTERAÇÕES DOS PARÂMETROS TOPOGRÁFICOS PARA DEMARCAÇÃO DE APP DE TOPO DE MORRO MUDANÇAS NA PAISAGEM DO MUNICÍPIO DE NOVA FRIBURGO/RJ / [en] CHANGES IN TOPOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS FOR MAPPING PPA ON HILTOPS: CHANGES IN LANDSCAPE OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF NOVA FRIBURGO/RJ

CARLOS EDUARDO F DE CARVALHO JR 20 April 2023 (has links)
[pt] No estado do Rio de Janeiro observam-se claras modificações do espaço urbano como a ocupação de áreas destinadas à proteção ambiental. Quanto maior a proximidade com o perigo eminente maior o risco associado. A ocupação urbana e as atividades antrópicas, nas encostas, potencializam os danos causados por desastres naturais como as tragédias ocorridas na Região Serrana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro em 2011 e em 2022. É relevante ressaltar que se passaram 10 anos desde que foram decretadas mudanças no Código Florestal. Este trabalho compara o atual Código Florestal com o antigo Código Florestal avaliando os impactos na extensão e ocupação das áreas protegidas decorrente dos novos parâmetros topográficos. Para tal, utiliza-se como área de estudo o município de Nova Friburgo/RJ. Realizase uma análise do comportamento da ocupação antrópica observando-se 10 anos antes e 10 anos após o decreto do atual Código Florestal. Utiliza-se a técnica de geoprocessamento para levantamento e espacialização do Código Florestal, com auxílio de Sensoriamento Remoto para verificar o uso e ocupação nestes períodos. Para contabilizar as áreas que deixaram de ser protegidas, fez-se uso dos softwares ArcGIS e Google Earth e notou-se a perda de 87,72 por cento, além do o crescimento de 2,69 hectares de área urbanizada e 175,88 de silvicultura do antigo Código Florestal. Os resultados apontam riscos à preservação da fauna e flora, à qualidade das águas dos cursos hídricos e do ciclo hidrológico local dado o crescimento das atividades antrópicas nas regiões antes destinadas à preservação permanente de topo de morro. / [en] Cities in the world are undergoing changes in their landscape due to population growth. According to the United Nations (UNITED NATIONS, 2022), it is estimated that by 2030 the global population will grow to about 8.5 and approach around 9.7 billion inhabitants by 2050. In addition, a peak of 10.4 billion inhabitants is projected in 2080, remaining in this range until 2100. Urban swelling often takes direction to areas of native vegetation that, protected or not by law, undergo irreversible changes in their local fauna and flora. For Vasconcelos and Gomes (2012), the process of expansion of cities is linked to how population growth occurs. In addition, both claim that the growth rate of the world s population is increasing at a rate never seen before: the figures represent that this population has doubled since the 1970s. One of the causes of the growth in the case of the Brazilian population in the last 50 years, for example, according to Lebrão (2007), refers to changes in demographic conditions. Previously with high levels of mortality and fecundity, there are currently low mortality and fertility rates that, consequently, corroborates the aging of the population. Population growth and the expansion of cities are associated. In general, the organization of urban space depends on the relations of the population and the offers of living conditions that the urban environment offers. Often the state designs the city according to its interests. The areas that present imminent dangers, end up being occupied by the portion of the population with less income because of the high cost of housing in the regions that provide better security conditions. According to Tucci (2005, p. 13), growth in areas considered at risk is linked to the process of spontaneous urbanization and due to urban planning designed for the noblest areas of the city with a middle and high income population.

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