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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

[en] ARTHUR RAMOS AND THE PROBLEM CHILD AS A REJECTED ONE: PSYCHOANALYSIS, CIVILIZATION AND SCHOOL MENTAL HYGIENE IN THE ANCIENT FEDERAL DISTRICT (1934-1939) / [pt] ARTHUR RAMOS E A CRIANÇA-PROBLEMA COMO CRIANÇA ESCORRAÇADA: PSICANÁLISE, CIVILIZAÇÃO E HIGIENE MENTAL ESCOLAR NO ANTIGO DISTRITO FEDERAL (1934-1939)

CATIA REGINA PAPADOPOULOS 28 May 2019 (has links)
[pt] Esta dissertação tem por objetivo pensar sobre a criança escorraçada como criança-problema no ponto de vista de Arthur Ramos e sua relação com a higiene mental, civilização, família e escola. Compreende o período de 1934 a 1939 tempo em que funcionou o Serviço de Ortofrenia e Higiene Mental (S.O.H.M.) do Instituto de Pesquisas Educacionais chefiado pelo médico, a convite de Anísio Teixeira, que era o Diretor do Departamento de Educação da Secretaria Geral de Educação e Cultura do Distrito Federal à época. Tinha como finalidade a organização de trabalhos de cunho preventivo e corretivo, atendendo e tratando os possíveis problemas psíquicos da criança no lar e na escola e suas dificuldades com a aprendizagem, atuando nas escolas públicas do ensino primário do Distrito Federal, mais precisamente, nas Escolas Experimentais. Foram utilizadas fontes documentais como os livros sobre o assunto, os impressos de vulgarização dirigidos aos professores e famílias, todos de autoria de Arthur Ramos, além de reportagens de jornais e revistas de grande circulação no País, inquéritos dirigidos às diretoras e professoras das Escolas Experimentais, correspondências, estudos realizados pelo médico, bem como as fichas de observação comportamental de alunos das referidas Escolas oriundas do S.O.H.M. Este estudo procura responder as seguintes questões: Qual a importância da psicanálise e da higiene mental escolar para a transformação da sociedade brasileira em sociedade civilizada? Quem era a criança escorraçada como criança-problema e como a higiene mental escolar através da psicanálise contribuiu no sentido de tentar modificar o comportamento desajustado e a dificuldade com a aprendizagem apresentados por elas? De que forma a higiene mental escolar buscou orientar família e escola em relação à criança escorraçada? Para efeito de reflexão, tomou-se por base a abordagem histórica desenvolvida através do entrelaçamento da análise dos citados documentos com o conteúdo bibliográfico, em uma perspectiva teórica baseada na concepção de Norbert Elias sobre o processo civilizatório, na visão de Sigmund Freud sobre as relações entre o indivíduo e o que ele denominou a “civilização” e a higiene mental como forma de tratar as neuroses em decorrência da civilização, buscando entender as concepções de Arthur Ramos sobre esses processos. Constatou-se que, para Ramos, a base para que o país fosse civilizado e preparado para o progresso estava no cuidado com a criança através da higiene mental escolar e preceitos da psicanálise, bem como nas orientações dedicadas à família e escola, a fim de esclarecer as consequências nefastas do escorraçamento infantil. / [en] This paper has the purpose of thinking about the rejected child as a problem one according to Arthur Ramos point of view and the relationship with mental hygiene, civilization, family and school. All this was based on the period between 1934 and 1939 which the Ortofrenia and the Mental Hygiene of the Institute of Educational Research worked and was run by the doctor invited by Anísio Teixeira who was the Director of the Education Department of the General Department of Education and Culture of the Federal District at that time. Its aim was the organization of assignments based on prevention and correction, dealing and treating the possible psychic problems of the child at home and at school and his difficulties in learning, acting in the Public Primary Schools of the Federal District, more precisely in the Experimental Schools. Documented sources were used such as books concerning the subject, the leaflets of vulgarization addressed to the teachers and the family, all of them were the authorship of Arthur Ramos, besides the newspaper and magazine articles of great circulation in the country, investigations headed for the directors and teachers of the Experimental Schools, correspondences, studies carried out by the doctor, as well as files based on behavioral observation of the students from the referred schools that came from the S.O.H.M. This study tries to answer the following questions: What s the importance of Psychoanalysis and the School Mental Hygiene for the changing of the Brazilian society into a civilized one? Who was the rejected child considered as a problem one and how the School Mental Hygiene through Psychoanalysis contributed to change the misfit behavior and the difficulty in learning presented by them? How did the School Mental Hygiene contribute to guide the family and the school in relation to the problem child? As a way of reflecting all this, it was taken into consideration a historical approach developed through the conjunction of the analysis of the mentioned documents with the bibliographic content in a theoretical perspective based on Norbert Elias opinion about the civilized process, according to Sigmund Freud about the relationships among the individual and what he called civilization and the mental hygiene as a mean of treating neurosis as a result of the civilization, in order to understand Arthur Ramos concepts of these proceedings. It was noticed that in Ramos opinion, the basis for the country to become civilized and prepared for the progress was centered on the care with the child through School Mental Hygiene and the rules of Psychoanalysis, as well as the orientations dedicated to the family and the school, as to clarify the tragic consequences of a child s rejection.

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