Electrical impedance tomography of soft tissue: Forward and inverse modelling The diploma thesis builds the neccesary apparatus to formulate and solve the inverse problem of Eletrical Impedance Tomography (EIT), including strategies to remedy the ill-conditioning of the problem. The problem itself lies in determining the structure of a body of interest by driving a set of electrical currents through electrodes connected to its surface. The aim of the thesis is to investigate possible utility of this method in medical applications, namely scanning for malignancies in the female breast, by studying the interaction of tissue with the electromagnetic field and by preparing a set of correspoding numerical experiments. An approximate characterization of the method's sensitivity with respect to noise is derived based on the most basic set of such numerical experiments, which were prepared by a complete software solution called prs4D developed by the author and his advisor, while some aspects of its implementation are included in the thesis.

Práce se zabývá oblastí kombinované přepravy v České republice. V teoretické části se čtenář seznámí s definicí pojmu kombinovaná přeprava, vývojem, výhodami a možnostmi budoucího rozvoje tohoto progresivního přepravního systému, jehož další rozvoj je z velké části podmíněn státní dopravní politikou České republiky. Praktická část se zabývá vývojem konkrétního podnikatelského subjektu, který působí v oblasti kombinované přepravy již několik desítek let. Je provedena finanční analýza a srovnání s konkurencí.

Tato práce se zabývá využitím optimalizace a simulace v reálném dodavatelském řetězci. Pomocí těchto metod je testováno řešení externí firmy, která měla za úkol optimalizovat rozvržení tras obchodních zástupců. Práce hodnotí vliv této optimalizace na fungování celého řetězce.

Graph theory is a large mathematical discipline. Chinese postman problem falls under category of arc vehicle routing problems. Chinese postman problems are very extensive and difficult to calculate in practice. They belong to NP-hard problems. For this reason, heuristics are proposed to provide acceptably good solution in polynomial time. The focus of this thesis is to propose a randomized heuristic which does not follow deterministic rules but is ruled by random. Monte Carlo simulation is launched to find the best solution. Heuristic is formulated for undirected capacitated rural postman problem. It is programmed in VBA and validated on testing problems. At the end of the thesis is a case study about municipal garbage collection.

The work deals with the implementation of CRM solutions, it's representation in the reference model MBI, which is the main goal of the work. In the first part the market of CRM products is analyzed and the current trends in the industry are introduced. The second part is focused on the aforementioned extension of the reference model MBI based on the knowledge and the experience of professional literature in the implementation of CRM solutions. The extension is realized in the form of four tasks which generalize practices for implementing customer relationship management, further work is completed by factors that describe the practical procedures and instructions for working in CRM solutions. The application used is also defined in this work.

This work deals with application problems regarding to geometry issues. A deep search has been performed throughout existing excercise books from various periods and of various difficulties. Then, 10 new application problems have been devised and solved, concerning miscellaneous mathematics education stages and geometry branches.

At the basic there is a connection between operation research and automotive logistics. The supply chain in this type of industry is hard to coordinate and flexibility is considered as a main key indicator. Companies increase their competitiveness through the optimization of supply chain and try to take control of every flow or a process. This idea goes throughout the departments. The main concept, which is about a connection of whole supply chain with information flow means, that there isn't need of stock and every input is highly available on time and in requested quantity and quality. This thesis describes inbound logistics and introduces some of the methods used for planning vehicle routes. In our situation which is based on car maker data set was chosen a group of a suppliers for the analysis. We used vehicle routing problem with some modifications, heuristics based on the covering problem. Founded solution was compared with the present state.

The thesis deals with application of models of routing problems on a real problem, beer distribution in Jesenicko region provided by Viden plus, a.s. The goal of the thesis is to optimize daily distributional routes for two vehicles with different capacities. Total distance has to be minimized respecting time and capacity limits. In case the optimal solution is not found, sub-optimal solution will be accepted. Solutions are calculated with use of the optimization software LINGO and some heuristic methods. Models of travelling salesman problem and vehicle routing problem are used to find the solutions. Results are compared to the current state of distributional routes in conclusion of the thesis.

Numerical simulations of thermal processes are based on known geometry, material properties, initial and boundaries conditions. The massive use of these simulations in the metallurgical industry (for example for simulation of heat treatment of steel) is limited by the knowledge of precise boundary conditions, which are not easy to determine in compare to other input parameters. Empirical formulas are not sufficiently accurate for most non-trivial processes. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the boundary conditions by experimental way. Boundary conditions can not be measured directly. The boundary conditions are determined by solving inverse heat conduction problem based on the measured temperature records. This doctoral thesis focuses on two types of the inverse heat conduction problems, which are poorly solved by existing methods. The first type are tasks that contains sharp increase/decrease in the values of the boundary conditions. Two new approaches are proposed and compared in this thesis for this type of tasks. The second type are tasks with non-stationary and non-homogeneous cooling. Three new methods were developed for this case. They are applied for the case of water cooling of vertical aluminum sample. The base characteristics of the current task is inhomogeneous cooling. One part of the surface is cooled intensively by flowing water in contrast to the other part of surface which is cooled only with low intensity since it is protected from direct contact with water by the vapor layer (Leidenfrost effect). The positions of these two part of surface are not stationary (they change during the experiment). The newly developed methods are compared to each other.

This thesis tries to answer the question what impact on the results in Mathematical Kangaroo competition has inclusion of specific curriculum into the School Education Program. The work focuses on multiple-choice type of tasks, where pupils fall short of success. Pupils can meet such tasks in mathematical competitions and research. The work is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The first part, makes readers familiar with current situation regarding mathematical competitions in Czech environment and defines terms related to the issue. It also characterizes selected competitions in which primary school pupils are involved, and focuses more on competition Mathematical Kangaroo. The empirical part describes methodology of qualitative research, aimed to verify the effect of inclusion specific curriculum in mathematics into the School Education Program on results of competition Mathematical Kangaroo. In this section two surveys are processed and analyzed, that took place during the school years 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 at complete primary school. The surveys were based on an analysis of tasks from competition Mathematical Kangaroo, analysis of textbooks, School Education Program and other school documents. Further there were conducted semi structured interviews with teachers and pupils, which...