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Syftet med den här litteraturöversikten var att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser av de utmaningar som uppstår vid aktivitetsutförandet i vardagslivet vid bröstcancer, samt betydelsen av aktivitetsfokuserade arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för aktivitetsutförandet för kvinnor med bröstcancer i vardagslivet. Den valda metoden är systematisk litteraturöversikt med mixad metod, där totalt 11 kvalitativa och kvantitativa studier inkluderades. De utmaningar som uppstod vid aktivitetsutförandet i vardagslivet vid bröstcancer resulterade i fyra teman: Utmaningar i att upprätthålla roller och sociala relationer, Oförberedd på de utmaningar som uppstod efter, Utmaning i att upprätthålla aktivitetsbalans och utförandet av aktiviteter på ett självständigt vis samt Utmaningar inom utförandet av meningsfulla aktiviteter. De aktivitetsfokuserade interventionerna fokuserade främst på strategier för att underlätta aktivitetsutförandet i vardagslivet, där olika utfallsmått användes. Dess betydelse för aktivitetsutförandet sammanfattades i fyra kategorier; högre grad av meningsfullhet vid aktivitetsutförande, återupptagandet av prioriterade aktiviteter samt högre grad av delaktighet och självständighet vid aktivitetsutförande. Slutsatsen av den här litteraturöversikten är att kvinnor med bröstcancer upplevde utmaningar inom olika områden i det vardagliga livet, samt att de aktivitetsfokuserade arbetsterapeutiska interventionerna hade betydelse för aktivitetsutförandet utifrån meningsfullhet, delaktighet och självständighet i vardagslivet efter bröstcancer. Däremot identifierades ett behov av vidare studier inom erfarenheterna av att delta vid aktivitetsfokuserade arbetsterapeutiska interventioner, samt aktivitetsfokuserade arbetsterapeutiska interventioner effekt för äldre personer med fler betydande diagnoser. / The purpose of this literature review was to describe women´s experiences of the challenges that arise in connection to everyday occupational performane during and after breast cancer, and to describe the impact of activity focused interventions on  occupational performance in everyday life. The chosen method is a systematic literature review with a mixed method, where a total of 11 qualitative and quantitative studies were included. The challenges that arose in carrying out activities in everyday life living under and after breast cancer treatment resulted in four themes which were Challenges in maintaining roles and social relationships, unpreparedness for the challenges that arose after treatment, Challenges in maintaining occupational balance and performing activities independently and Challenges in performing meaningful activities. The activity focused interventions focused mainly on strategies to facilitate the performance of everyday activities, where different outcome measures were used. The value of these was determined  by a higher sense of meaningfulness of occupational performance, the resumption of prioritized  activities, as well as a higher degree of participation and independence in  occupational performance. The conclusion of this literature review is that women with breast cancer can experience challenges in different areas of everyday life, and that activity focused occupational therapy interventions can have a great impact on occupational performances in everyday life after breast cancer treatment. However a knowledge gap was identified in regards to the experiences of participating in activity focused interventions, as well as activity-focused interventions for older people with more than one diagnosis, therefore  further studies in those areas are needed.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Occupational Therapy. Johannesburg, 28 August 2014 / In previous research done, convergent validity was not established for OT-APST with two cognitive-perceptual tests. In this research, the DLOTCA and RPAB were used as reference tools to determine the convergent validity of the OT-APST using Spearman’s correlation. The aim was to ascertain whether the three tests when administered at the same time would yield the same result. This was a quantitative cross-sectional study that was mainly correlative and comparative in nature. Convenience sampling was used (n=32). The tools compared evaluate similar constructs and were expected to have strong correlations. This current research revealed that six subscales of the OT-APST had significant correlations with similar cognitive areas from the DLOTCA and the OT-APST subscales often correlated with an appropriate item from the RPAB. This study provides sufficient evidence of the convergent validity of the OT-APST when compared to the DLOTCA and RPAB. The OT-APST proved useful in identifying patients with visual perceptual problems in a population not standardised for.

Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Occupational Therapy, June, 2014. Johannesburg / Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the perceptions of and the clinical application of models by a specific group of occupational therapists with a particular focus on the Kawa Model. Method: A single descriptive case study design with embedded units, related to model application by occupational therapists who attended a Kawa Model workshop, was used. Quantitative data provided information about general model use within occupational therapy and first impressions of the Kawa Model. Qualitative data were obtained to explore the clinically application and suitability of the Kawa Model in the South African context. Main findings: Several factors were identified as having an influence on the use of models by occupational therapists in general, with similar influencing factors related to the application of the Kawa Model being identified. Factors include habituation versus experience, experience and clinical reasoning, practice context and client characteristics.

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