Univ., Diss.--Bremen, 1994.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Iowa, 2008. / Thesis supervisor: Timothy Ansley. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-90).

No description available.

Denna studie syftar till att jämföra personalvetarstudenter vid Uppsala universitet som arbetar inom HR med personalvetarstudenter som inte arbetar inom HR för att se hur de ser på sin egen anställningsbarhet och om de gör något extra för att göra sig själva mer anställningsbara. Vi vill undersöka om studenterna upplever att det finns någon norm om hur den ideala personalvetarstudenten bör vara. Utifrån syftet formulerades tre frågeställningar; 1. Vad gör personalvetarstudenter för att öka sin anställningsbarhet? 2. Hur skiljer sig tankar om anställningsbarhet mellan personalvetarstudenter som arbetar inom HR och personalvetarstudenter som arbetar inom annan bransch? samt 3. Hur upplevs den ideala personalvetarstudenten i relation till anställningsbarhet? För att besvara dessa frågeställningar användes en kvalitativ metodansats där det insamlade materialet inhämtats med hjälp av enskilda intervjuer. Urvalet består av åtta personalvetarstudenter där fyra ingår i varje grupp. Studiens teoretiska referensram bygger på skapandet av normer samt dess påverkan på individers anställningsbarhet. Den tidigare forskning vi använt oss av berör fenomenet anställningsbarhet samt ideala arbetstagare.   Utifrån resultatet framkommer det att deltidsarbete samt engagemang i föreningar är den viktigaste aspekterna för att öka sin anställningsbarhet. En personalvetarnorm upplevs av båda urvalsgrupper där ett visst beteende är eftersträvansvärt. Att vara social, driven, engagerad i föreningar samt ett deltidsjobb inom HR-branschen anses vara den ideala personalvetarstudenten. Normen beskriver vilka egenskaper och vilket beteende som förväntas av studenterna för att få så hög anställningsbarhet som möjligt. Till följd av detta kan deltidsarbete ses som en norm för att bli anställningsbar. / This study aims to compare Human Resource-students who works within the Human Resource industry and those who works in other industries to see how they look at their own employability, and if they do something extra to make themselves more employable. We want to examine if the students experience any norms within the Bachelor Programme in Human Resource Management and Working Life at Uppsala University. Based on our purpose, three questions were formulated: 1. What do Human Resource-students do to increase their employability? 2. How different is the thoughts about employability between the two groups of Human Resource-students? 3. How is the ideal employable Human Resource-student experienced? To answer this questions we used a qualitative method approach were the data were collected by individual interviews. The selection of candidates are eight Human Resource-students from Uppsala University who were divided into two groups with four in each group. The teoretical framework is based on the creation of norms and its impact on the employability of individuals. The previous research we used affects the phenomenon employability and the ideal employee.   Based on the results it appears that part-time work and involvement in voluntary organisations are the most important aspect to increase their employability. A norm is found for Human Resource-students is experienced by both selected groups were a sertain behaviour is desireable. Being social, driven, involved in voluntary organisations and having a part-time work in Human Resource-industry is considered the ideal Human Resource-student. The norm describes the characterstics and expected behaviour to get as high employability as possible. As a result, part time-work is seen as a norm for employability.

<p>Sammanfattning</p><p> </p><p>Sedan 1 januari 2009 har vi en ny svensk diskrimineringslag, som förbjuder diskriminering, som har samband med av kön, könsöverskridande identitet eller uttryck, etnisk tillhörighet, funktionshinder, sexuell läggning eller ålder. Denna uppsats är en ansats att med diskrimineringslagen som utgångspunkt ta reda på vilka signaler lagen kan ge. Genom att analysera lagen och dess syften förs med hjälp av crip theory och andra normteorier en teoretisk diskussion om huruvida det kan finnas latenta konsekvenser som följd av dess utformning. Crip theory ifrågasätter normaliteten och hävdar att omgivningarna, och bristen på anpassning i dessa, skapar avvikelser samt menar att vi kan komma att förändra vår uppfattning och flytta gränserna för det som vi anser vara den normala människan genom att bättre anpassa miljön. Jag vill undersöka om crip theory går att applicera på samtliga diskrimineringsgrunder. Samtidigt som lagen skyddar utsatta grupper, så pekar den även ut dessa ut som avvikande. Det gör att lagen har en stigmatiserande effekt. Om avvikelserna utesluts så skapas en bild av något som kan betraktas som normalt. Genom att ge utsatta grupper bättre möjligheter i arbetslivet och utjämna skillnader så finns dock möjligheter att på sikt få ett mer jämlikt samhälle.</p> / <p>Abstract</p><p> </p><p>Since January 12009, Sweden has a new law of discrimination, which forbids discrimination, that relates to sex, transgender identity or expression, ethnicity, disability, sexual orientation or age. This is an approach, based on the law of discrimination, to find out what signals the law can send out. By analyzing the law and its intentions and by using crip theory and other norm theories, I want to conduct a theoretical discussion, whether there may be any latent consequences as a result of its composition. The crip theory is questioning the normality, arguing that the surroundings, and lack of adjustment of these, creates the non-abled bodies or traits and believe that we may change our view and move the boundaries of what we consider to be a normal human being by adjusting the environment. I want to examine whether this is something that could be used on all grounds of discrimination. By pointing out certain groups as different, the law has a stigmatizing effect and by eliminating the differences, an image of something that can be considered as normal is created. By giving disadvantaged groups greater opportunities at work and even out differences, makes it possible to eventually get a more equal society.</p>

Sammanfattning   Sedan 1 januari 2009 har vi en ny svensk diskrimineringslag, som förbjuder diskriminering, som har samband med av kön, könsöverskridande identitet eller uttryck, etnisk tillhörighet, funktionshinder, sexuell läggning eller ålder. Denna uppsats är en ansats att med diskrimineringslagen som utgångspunkt ta reda på vilka signaler lagen kan ge. Genom att analysera lagen och dess syften förs med hjälp av crip theory och andra normteorier en teoretisk diskussion om huruvida det kan finnas latenta konsekvenser som följd av dess utformning. Crip theory ifrågasätter normaliteten och hävdar att omgivningarna, och bristen på anpassning i dessa, skapar avvikelser samt menar att vi kan komma att förändra vår uppfattning och flytta gränserna för det som vi anser vara den normala människan genom att bättre anpassa miljön. Jag vill undersöka om crip theory går att applicera på samtliga diskrimineringsgrunder. Samtidigt som lagen skyddar utsatta grupper, så pekar den även ut dessa ut som avvikande. Det gör att lagen har en stigmatiserande effekt. Om avvikelserna utesluts så skapas en bild av något som kan betraktas som normalt. Genom att ge utsatta grupper bättre möjligheter i arbetslivet och utjämna skillnader så finns dock möjligheter att på sikt få ett mer jämlikt samhälle. / Abstract   Since January 1 2009, Sweden has a new law of discrimination, which forbids discrimination, that relates to sex, transgender identity or expression, ethnicity, disability, sexual orientation or age. This is an approach, based on the law of discrimination, to find out what signals the law can send out. By analyzing the law and its intentions and by using crip theory and other norm theories, I want to conduct a theoretical discussion, whether there may be any latent consequences as a result of its composition. The crip theory is questioning the normality, arguing that the surroundings, and lack of adjustment of these, creates the non-abled bodies or traits and believe that we may change our view and move the boundaries of what we consider to be a normal human being by adjusting the environment. I want to examine whether this is something that could be used on all grounds of discrimination. By pointing out certain groups as different, the law has a stigmatizing effect and by eliminating the differences, an image of something that can be considered as normal is created. By giving disadvantaged groups greater opportunities at work and even out differences, makes it possible to eventually get a more equal society.

Zugl.: Freiburg (Breisgau), Universiẗat, Diss., 1998/99.

Several recent chapters (Gilliland & Schepers, 2003; Skarlicki & Folger, 2001) have focused on an interesting question: If certain behaviors are perceived as fair or unfair, what antecedents lead to these fair or unfair behaviors? Gilliland and Schepers identify multiple antecedents, including organizational norms. This research examines how norms promote fair or unfair procedural behavior as defined by procedural fairness rules (ref. Leventhal, 1980). Drawing on recent social psychological work on norms by Cialdini and colleagues (for a review see Cialdini & Trost, 1998), the current research distinguishes between two norm elements: descriptive norms (i.e., what others actually are doing) and injunctive norms (i.e., what others believe an individual should be doing). A computerized performance allocation decision task was created to assess individuals' actual behavior in two studies. In each study participants were given normative information and then asked to complete four blocks of the allocation task. From computer-recorded data, measures of behavioral fairness were derived and a post-task survey elicited participants' self-perceived fairness: Both sets of fairness measures were used as dependent variables.Study 1 focused on descriptive norms and tested a prediction derived from Cialdini et al.'s (1990) work on norm salience theory: This theory suggests that the more salient a norm is, the greater an impact it will have. Study 2 also included descriptive norm element conditions, but focused too on the individual who was the source of the injunctive norm. Overall, results of these studies suggest that, at least for behavioral accuracy, norms do impact individuals' fair behavior. However, analyses of behavior and self-perception measures of fairness suggest that further refinement of behavioral measures and more research on the intersection of fairness and norms are required.

Univ. Kassel, Habil.-Schr., 2006

This research studies norm subsidiarity in the practice of diplomacy. Norm subsidiarity is a concept found within norm diffusion scholarship. It is argued that this scholarship gives a privileged position to materially strong actors in its explanation of norm diffusion. The role of weaker states to support international norms is often ignored. Norm subsidiarity explains how materially weaker states support international norms to protect their autonomy from stronger actors. This research demonstrates the application of norm subsidiarity by tracing the history and context surrounding the diplomacy of Iran’s nuclear programme from its inception in 1957 to the present. Iran has successfully supported the norm of the peaceful use of nuclear energy by continuing to develop its nuclear programme. This is despite overwhelming international pressure from much stronger states who seek to stop this programme. The analysis shows that Iran’s actions can be described as a process of norm subsidiarity. This provides credibility to the argument that weaker states can play an important role in successfully supporting international norms, despite the desires of much stronger states. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2019. / Political Sciences / MA / Unrestricted