本研究旨在探討新北市國民小學校長分布式領導與學校創新經營之關係。研究採用調查研究法，以新北市公立國民小學教師為對象，共發出638份問卷，共獲得有效問卷525份，有效問卷回收率為82.29％。正式問卷回收之後，分別以描述統計、t考驗、單因子單變量變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關及多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方式對回收資料進行分析。 本研究獲得以下八項結論： 一、國民小學校長分布式領導之現況表現在中上水準，且以「建構清楚的願景與目標」構面表現較突出。 二、學校組織創新之現況表現在中上水準，其中以「學習活動創新」構面表現較突出。 三、教師個人不同背景變項對校長分布式領導在「年齡」 與 「職務」方面有差異，其餘無差異。 四、教師個人不同背景變項對學校組織創新在「年齡」 與 「職務」方面有差異，其餘無差異。 五、學校環境背景變項對校長分布式領導在「學校規模」 與「學校歷史」方面均有差異。 六、學校環境變項對學校組織創新在「學校歷史」方面有差異，「學校規模」方面無差異。 七、校長分布式領導與學校組織創新之間具有顯著正相關，校長分布式領導表現愈強，學校組織創新之特性愈強。 八、校長分布式領導與學校組織創新之間具有顯著預測力。 本研究分別就實務應用及未來研究兩方面提出如下建議： 一、實務應用方面 (一) 對教育行政主管機關之建議 1.宣導分布式領導理念，辦理相關校長及行政人員研習活動，期國民小學校長落實分布式領導，以激勵學校發展。 2.鼓勵學校創新經營，辦理研習進修活動，期許教師課程教學創新，創新學生學習活動。 3.辦理行政人員研習進修活動，以期管理服務創新。 (二) 對學校校長的建議 1.善用分布式領導，鼓勵同仁發揮專長，共同承擔領導責任發展相互依存之學校領導。 2.定期調整職務，其學校同仁有機會對不同職務有所體認，並提生教師領導能力，以增進學校效能。 3.努力營造信任的學校文化，加強校內溝通，並鼓勵教師參與校務決策，並有效協調家長及社區意見，以營造信任的學校文化。 二、未來研究方面： 本研究分別就研究對象、研究變項、研究方法，對未來研究提出建議。

摘要 本研究旨在探討桃園縣國民中小學校長實施分布式領導及學校組織健康之現況，分析在不同個人背景變項及學校環境背景變項中，教師對校長實施分布式領導的知覺差異情形，並探討實施分布式領導對學校組織健康之影響。 為達上述目的，本研究採用問卷調查法，以桃園縣245所國中小學教師為母群體，採分層隨機抽樣，共計抽取52所國中小，寄發問卷656份，回收比例86%。扣除填答不全的無效問卷後，可用問卷501份，可用率為88％。本研究使用SPSS 17.0 for windows 統計套裝軟體進行統計分析，獲致以下結論： 一、 桃園縣國民中小學教師知覺校長分布式領導及學校組織健康情形為中高程度。 二、 教師知覺分布式領導以「學校文化」感受程度最高，其次為「分享責任」。教師知覺組織健康則以「倡導與關懷」、「教師凝聚力」的感受程度最高。 三、 男性教師知覺校長分布式領導與學校組織健康之程度均高於女性教師。 四、 資深教師在知覺校長分布式領導與學校組織健康之程度均高於年輕或年資少之教師。 五、 兼任行政職務之教師知覺校長分布式領導與學校組織健康之程度均高於導師或專任教師。 六、 不同教育程度之教師在知覺校長分布式領導與學校組織健康之程度無顯著差異。 七、 學校規模為小型(24班以下)之教師，在知覺校長分布式領導與學校組織健康之程度均高於中、大型學校教師。 八、 小學教師在知覺校長分布式領導與學校組織健康之程度均高於國中教師。 九、 校長分布式領導對學校組織健康具有正向且顯著之影響。 最後依據上述結論，提出具體建議，以作為教育行政機關、學校機關首長及學術研究等相關單位參考。 關鍵詞：分布式領導、組織健康 / This research explores the current state of distributed leadership and school organizational health in elementary and junior high schools across Taoyuan County, analyzing how factors including various personal backgrounds and school environments affect the results of this research. In addition, the degree of awareness displayed by teachers concerning distributed leadership as well as the effect of distributed leadership on school organizational health is explored. In order to achieve the above, this research utilizes survey methodology with the teachers of the 245 elementary and junior high schools in Taoyuan County as the entire population under study. With random, stratified sampling, 656 questionnaires were sent to teachers across 52 schools with an 86% reply rate. Out of the returned questionnaires, 88% were valid, a total of 501 questionnaires. The results were tabulated and analyzed using the SPSS 17.0 for Windows program and the following conclusions were obtained: 1. The level of awareness of the teachers of Taoyuan County’s elementary and junior high schools of distributed leadership and school organizational health is moderately high. 2. Teachers are most aware of the “school culture” and secondly the “shared responsibility” aspects of distributed leadership. Teachers are most aware of the “initiating structure and consideration” and secondly the “teacher affiliation” aspects of school organizational health. 3. Overall, male teachers possess a higher level of awareness of distributed leadership and school organizational health than do female teachers. 4. Senior, more experienced teachers are more aware of distributed leadership and school organizational health than are junior, less experienced teachers. 5. Teachers who also perform administrative duties demonstrate a higher degree of awareness of distributed leadership and school organizational health than do counselors or teachers who do not perform administrative duties. 6. Teachers with varying levels of education do not display significant difference regarding awareness of distributed leadership and school organizational health. 7. Teachers of smaller schools (with less than 24 classes) are generally more aware of distributed leadership and school organizational health than are teachers are larger schools. 8. Elementary school teachers possess a higher level of awareness of distributed leadership and school organizational health than do junior high school teachers. 9. Distributed leadership has a positive correlation and significant effect on school organizational health. Based on the conclusions listed above, I have made practical suggestions that educational administrative institutions, school institutions and research institutions could use as reference. Terms: Distributed leadership, school organizational health

本研究旨在探討國民小學分布式領導對教師賦權增能之影響。本研究採用問卷調查法，抽取桃園縣內56所公立國民小學、656位正式教師為研究調查對象，有效問卷465份。問卷回收後以描述性統計分析、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、逐步多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料分析。本研究之主要研究發現歸納如下： 一、國民小學教師知覺分布式領導情況屬「中高程度」，以「分享責任」感受程度最高、「領導實踐」感受程度最低。 二、國民小學教師知覺教師賦權增能情況屬「中高程度」，以「自主性」感受程度最高、「參與決策」感受程度最低。 三、國民小學不同性別、年齡、任教年資、教育程度、現任職務及學校規模的教師所知覺的分布式領導有顯著差異，以男性、41-50歲、任教年資11-15年以上、研究所以上畢業、兼任行政職務、學校規模12班以下之教師感受程度較高。 四、國民小學不同性別、年齡、任教年資、教育程度及現任職務的教師所知覺的教師賦權增能有顯著差異，以男性、41-50歲、任教年資11-15年以上、研究所以上畢業、兼任行政職務之教師感受程度較高。 五、國民小學分布式領導能有效預測教師賦權增能，其中又以「學校文化」此構面的解釋效果最佳。 最後根據上述研究結論，進一步提出相關建議，以提供學校教育人員、教育行政機關及未來研究之參考。 / The main purpose of this study is to research on the influence of distributed leadership on teachers’ empowerment in elementary schools. Using a questionnaire, this study conducts a survey on 656 teachers from 56 public elementary schools in taoyuan county. Among them, 465 valid questionnaires from teachers were compiled. The returned data were analyzed by statistical methods including mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Our main findings are concluded as follows: 1.Elementary school teachers’ perception of distributed leadership was above average, and “share responsibility ” was highest, and “leadership practice” was lowest. 2.Elementary school teachers’ perception of teachers’ empowerment was above average, and “autonomy” was highest, and “decision making” was lowest. 3.Significant differences were found partly in the elementary school teachers’ perception of distributed leadership, given the consideration of teachers’ demographic variations: sex, age, administrative duties, qualification, service duration and school scale. 4.Significant differences were found partly in the elementary school teachers’ perception of teachers’ empowerment, given the consideration of teachers’ demographic variations: sex, age, administrative duties, qualification, and service duration . 5.Among all dimensions of distributed leadership, the best prediction to teachers’ empowerment is promoting “school culture”. Finally, based on those findings, the study suggests some implications of elementary school teachers, administrative authorities, and further studies as well.

本研究旨在探討高級中學校長分布式領導與學校創新經營之現況，不同背景變項教師知覺分布式領導與學校創新經營之差異，高級中學校長分布式領導與學校創新經營之關係，及分布式領導對學校創新經營的預測力。 本研究對象為臺中市公立高級中學學教之教師，以「高中校長分布式領導與學校創新經營調查問卷」為研究工具，正式施測有效樣本共531位。所得資料分別以描述性統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關和逐步多元迴歸等統計方法進行考驗。研究結論如下： 一、公立高級中學教師所知覺的校長分布式領導為中上程度。 二、公立高級中學教師所知覺的學校創新經營屬中上程度。 三、不同背景變項之公立高級中學之教師所知覺的分布式領導有顯著差異。 四、不同背景變項之公立高級中學之教師所知覺的學校創新經營有顯著差異。 五、公立高級中學之校長分布式領導與學校創新經營之間有顯著的正相關。 六、不同程度分布式領導在學校創新經營整體與各構面的表現有差異。 七、校長分布式領導能有效預測學校創新經營。 最後，根據上述結論提出建議，供高級中學教育人員、教育行政機關、及後續研究者進行相關研究之參考，期有裨於學校教育之進步與發展。

本研究旨在瞭解國民中學校長分布式領導、教師專業社群學習與教師教學效能之現況，並分析不同背景變項之教師對於校長分布式領導、教師專業社群學習與教師教學效能知覺之差異情形，且探討三者之間的關係，最後則探討國民中學校長分布式領導、教師專業社群學習對教師教學效能之預測力。 本研究採問卷調查法，共計抽樣48所國民中學，發出445份問卷，回收423份有效問卷，問卷有效率達95.1%，問卷調查結果以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關及多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方法進行統計分析。 本研究最後獲得以下結論： 一、國民中學教師知覺校長分布式領導為中高程度，以「校長專業自信與謙遜」之知覺程度為最高，「營造適當的變革時機」之知覺程度為最低。 二、國民中學教師知覺教師專業社群學習為中高程度，以「關注學生學習」之知覺程度為最高，「分享教學實務」之知覺程度為最低。 三、國民中學教師知覺教師教學效能為高等程度，以「教學氣氛」之知覺程度為最高，「教學策略」之知覺程度為最低。 四、國民中學教師，因年齡、擔任職務、學校地區、及學校規模之不同，在知覺校長分布式領導上有顯著差異。 五、國民中學教師，因性別、學校地區、及學校規模之不同，在知覺教師專業社群學習上有顯著差異。 六、國民中學教師，因性別、擔任職務、及服務年資之不同，在知覺教師教學效能上有顯著差異。 七、國民中學校長分布式領導、教師專業社群學習與教師教學效能整體及各層面，彼此之間具有正相關的關係。 八、國民中學校長分布式領導、教師專業社群學習對教師教學效能具有預測作用，以「教師專業社群學習」的預測力最佳。 / The purpose of this study was to investigate the current development of principals’ distributed leadership, teachers’ professional learning community, and teachers’ teaching effectiveness in junior high schools, and to analyze the difference between teachers of different background variables, and to explore the relationship among the three variables. This study has aimed to predict teachers’ teaching effectiveness through principals’ distributed leadership and teachers' professional learning community. Through the use of questionnaire survey method, data were collected from 48 junior high schools, distributing 445 questionnaires in total. Valid questionnaires of 423 were collected, with a usable rate of 95.1%. All data were analyzed by the methods of descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple stepwise regression analysis. The conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. Junior high school teachers’ perception of principals’ distributed leadership is above average, in which the dimension “principals’ self-confidence and modesty” was the highest, and “construction of a proper turning point” was the lowest. 2. Junior high school teachers’ perception of teacher professional learning community is above average, in which the dimension “focusing on students’ learning” was the highest, and “sharing teaching practices” was the lowest. 3. Junior high school teachers’ perception of teachers’ teaching effectiveness is above average, in which the dimension “teaching environment” was the highest, and “teaching strategy” was the lowest. 4. There are significant differences in the junior high school teachers’ perception of principals’ distributed leadership in terms of age, position, location of school, and scale of school. 5. There are significant differences in the junior high school teachers’ perception of teacher professional learning community in terms of gender, location of school, and scale of school. 6. There are significant differences in the junior high school teachers’ perception of teachers’ teaching effectiveness in terms of gender, position, and years of service. 7. There is a positive correlation among the principals’ distributed leadership, teacher professional learning community, and teachers’ teaching effectiveness. 8. Principals’ distributed leadership and teacher professional learning community have a predictive effect on teachers’ teaching effectiveness.

本研究主要目的在分析國小校長分布式領導、教師效能感與教師組織承諾之間的關係。採用問卷調查法，以臺北市地區之公立國小教師為研究對象，有效樣本為445份。問卷調查結果採用描述性統計、t考驗、變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、逐步多元迴歸及結構方程模式等統計方式加以分析。 本研究得到下列結論： 一、目前臺北市國小教師對校長分布式領導的知覺情況屬中上程度。 二、目前臺北市國小教師對教師效能感的知覺情況屬中上程度。 三、目前臺北市國小教師對教師組織承諾的知覺情況屬中上程度。 四、教師因背景變項中「現任職務」的不同，在知覺校長分布式領導、教師效能感與教師組織承諾上有差異。 五、國小校長分布式領導、教師效能感與教師組織承諾兩兩之間具有正向的關聯。 六、國小校長分布式領導、教師效能感的分層構面，對教師組織承諾有正向的預測作用。 七、校長分布式領導可透過教師效能感，增強對教師組織承諾的正向預測力。 最後，根據研究結果提出建議，以供教育行政機關、學校及後續研究之參考。 / The intent of this study was to explore the relationship among principal’s distributed leadership, teacher efficacy and teachers’ organizational commitment in elementary schools. The questionnaire investigation method was employed, and there were 445 valid questionnaires collected from public elementary schools in Taipei City. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's product-moment correlation, stepwise multiple regression analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. The results were as follows: 1. The perceptions from the elementary school teachers about principal’s distributed leadership were quite well. 2. The perceptions from the elementary school teachers about teacher efficacy were quite well. 3. The perceptions from the elementary school teachers about teachers’ organizational commitment were quite well. 4. Incumbent duty had significant influences the perceptions of teachers about on principal’s distributed leadership, teacher efficacy and teachers’ organizational commitment. 5. There were significant correlations between principal’s distributed leadership and teacher efficacy as well as between teachers’ organizational commitment. 6. The sub-level of the distributed leadership and teacher efficacy could apparently predict the teachers’ organizational commitment. 7. Teacher efficacy had mediate effect on distributed leadership and influence positively teachers’ organizational commitment. According to the above conclusion, the research proposed relevant suggestions to be referenced by education administrative organizations, elementary schools , and future research.

本研究旨在瞭解桃園縣國民中學校長分布式領導、教師心理賦權與教師學術樂觀之現況，並分析不同背景變項之教師在知覺校長分布式領導、教師心理賦權與教師學術樂觀之差異情形，且探討三者之間的關係，最後藉由校長分布式領導與教師心理賦權對教師學術樂觀進行預測。 本研究採調查研究法，共計抽樣30所學校，發出690份問卷，回收480份有效問卷，問卷有效率達69.97%。資料處理分別以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關及多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方式進行統計分析。 本研究獲致以下之結論： 一、 桃園縣國民中學教師知覺校長分布式領導為中高程度，以「校長的自信與謙遜」之知覺程度為最高，「營造信任的文化」之知覺程度最低。 二、 桃園縣國民中學教師有中高程度之教師心理賦權表現，以「影響力」的知覺為最高，「能力」之知覺為最低。 三、 桃園縣國民中學教師有中高程度之教師學術樂觀表現， 以「效能感」的知覺為最高，「學術強調」之知覺為最低。 四、 桃園縣國民中學教師，因其年齡、擔任職務、學校規模及學校歷史之不同，而有不同的校長分布式領導知覺感受，以51歲（含）以上之主任，並服務於學校規模12班（含）以下擁有21年（含以下）、41-60年、及61年（含以上）學校歷史之教師知覺程度較高。 五、 桃園縣國民中學教師，因其年齡、服務年資、學校規模及學校歷史之不同，而表現出不同程度的教師心理賦權，以年齡51歲（含）以上且年資超過21年，目前服務於學校規模13-48班擁有20年以下學校歷史之教師在知覺教師心理賦權程度較高。 六、 桃園縣國民中學教師，因其年齡及服務年資之不同，而有不同的教師學術樂觀知覺感受，以年齡51歲（含）以上並服務超過21年之學校教師在知覺教師學術樂觀程度較高。 七、 桃園縣國民中學校長分布式領導、教師心理賦權與教師學術樂觀的知覺及各分層面，彼此之間具有正相關的關係。 八、 桃園縣國民中學校長分布式領導、教師心理賦權對教師學術樂觀具有預測作用，以「校長分布式領導」的預測力最佳。 最後依據研究結果與結論，提出具體建議，以供教育行政機關、學校校長與教師以及未來研究的參考。 / The purpose of this study was to investigate the current development of principal’s distributed leadership, teachers’ psychological empowerment, and teachers’ academic emphasis in secondary schools of Taoyuan County, and to analyze the difference between teachers of different background variables, and to explore the relationship among the three variables. This study has aimed to predict teachers’ academic emphasis through principal’s distributed leadership and teachers’ psychological empowerment. Through the use of questionnaire survey method, data were collected from 30 secondary schools, distributing 690 questionnaires in total. Valid questionnaires of 480 were collected, with a usable rate of 69.97%. All data were analyzed by the methods of descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. The conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. Secondary school teachers’ perception of principal’s distributed leadership is above average, in which the item “principals’ self-confidence” and “humility”was the highest, and “creating a culture of trust” was the lowest. 2. Secondary school teachers’ perception of teachers’ psychological empowerment is above average, in which the item “impact” was the highest, and “competence” was the lowest. 3. Secondary school teachers’ perception of teachers’ academic optimism is above average, in which the item “self-efficacy” was the highest, and “academic emphasis” was the lowest. 4. There are significant differences in the secondary school teachers’ perception of principals’ distributed leadership in terms of age, position, scale of school, and age of school. 5. There are significant differences in the secondary school teachers’ perception of teachers’ psychological empowerment in terms of age, years of service, scale of school, and age of school. 6. There are significant differences in the secondary school teachers’ perception of academic emphasis in terms of age and years of service. 7. There is a positive correlation among the principals’ distributed leadership, teachers’ psychological empowerment, and teachers’ academic optimism. 8. Principal’s distributed leadership and teachers’ psychological empowerment have a predictive effect on teachers’ academic optimism.

本研究旨在探討國民小學校長分布式領導、學校組織公平與教師組織公民行為之關係，並依據研究結果提出建議。首先，進行文獻探討，建立研究架構與工具。 其次，以北北基三市公立國民小學教師為研究對象，透過取樣進行問卷調查，總計有效樣本為802份，分別以描述統計、t考驗、變異數分析、相關分析、多元逐步迴歸分析以及結構方程模式等統計方法加以分析。依據研究結果之分析，本研究主要研究發現如下： （一）目前國民小學教師知覺校長分布式領導、學校組織公平與教師組織公民行為的程度良好。 （二）教師知覺校長分布式領導與學校組織公平的程度，在性別、年齡、服務年資等背景變項，具有顯著差異。 （三）教師知覺教師組織公民行為的程度，在服務年資、學校所在地、學校規模、校長性別以及校長服務年資等背景變項，具有顯著差異。 （四）校長分布式領導、學校組織公平與教師組織公民行為三者之間，具有正向的關聯。 （五）學校組織公平對教師組織公民行為的預測力，高於校長分布式領導對教師組織公民行為的預測力。 （六）校長分布式領導透過學校組織公平的中介效果，正向影響教師組織公民行為。 最後，根據研究結果提出相關建議，提供實務應用與未來研究之參考。 / The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship among the principals’ distributed leadership, school organizational justice and teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior in the elementary school. The research methods included literature review and questionnaire survey. The data was collected from 802 teachers of elementary schools in Taipei City, New Taipei City, and Keelung City. The data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation, multiple regressions and structural equation modeling. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The elementary school teachers’ perception of the principals’ distributed leadership, school organizational justice and teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior is positive. 2. The elementary school teachers of different gender, age, in-service years, current position, school size and the different principal’s gender show significant differences on teachers’ perception of principals’ distributed leadership and school organizational justice. 3. The elementary school teachers of different in-service years, school districts, school size, the different school principal’s gender and principal’s in-service years show significant differences on teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior. 4. There are positive correlations among principals’ distributed leadership, school organizational justice and teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior. 5. Compared with principals’ distributed leadership, school organizational justice is the stronger indicator for teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior. 6. The principals’ distributed leadership has positive effect on teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior through the mediation effect of school organizational justice According to the findings and conclusions given above, some suggestions are provided for practical applications and future research.

本研究旨在瞭解臺北市國民小學校長分布式領導與教師組織公民行為之現況，並分析不同背景變項之教師在知覺校長分布式領導與教師組織公民行為之差異情形，且探討二者之間的關係，最後探討校長分布式領導對教師組織公民行為預測力情形。 研究採問卷調查法，以臺北市立國民小學教師為研究對象，採分層隨機抽樣，抽取47所學校，發出788份問卷，回收688份有效問卷，問卷有效率達87.3％。資料處理分別以描述統計、t 考驗、變異數分析、相關分析、多元逐步迴歸分析以及結構方程模式等統計方法加以分析。 本研究獲致以下之結論： 一、國民小學教師知覺校長分布式領導與教師組織公民行為之現況屬中高程度。 二、不同性別、年齡、服務年資、職務的國民小學教師，知覺校長分布式領導有顯著差異，以男性、年齡51歲以上、服務年資21年以上、擔任職務為兼主任之教師，知覺校長分布式領導的程度較高。 三、不同性別、年齡、服務年資、職務的國民小學教師，知覺教師組織公民行為有顯著差異，以男性、年齡51歲以上、服務年資21年以上、擔任職務為兼主任之教師，知覺教師組織公民行為的程度較高。 四、國民小學校長分布式領導與教師組織公民行為具有顯著正相關。 五、國民小學校長分布式領導對教師組織公民行為具有正向預測力。 六、國民小學校長分布式領導與教師組織公民行為的結構方程模式適配度良好。 最後，根據研究結果提出相關建議，提供實務應用與未來研究之參考。 / The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status of principals’ distributed leadership and teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior of the elementary schools in Taipei City, and to analyze the differences in different background variables are conscious of principals’ distributed leadership and teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior, and to explore the relationship between the two variables. Finally, to explore the prediction on principals’ distributed leadership to teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior. Questionnaire survey method is adopted. The data was collected from teachers of elementary schools in Taipei City by stratified random sampling. The samples include 47 schools and 788 questionnaires were distributed. There were 688 valid questionnaires used finally in the statistical analysis and the usable rate is 87.3%. The data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation, multiple regressions and structural equation modeling. The conclusions are as follows: 1.The elementary school teachers’ perception of the principals’ distributed leadership and teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior is above average. 2.Regarding perceived distributed leadership, there was significant difference among teachers of different genders, ages, periods of service and positions in school. Teachers who are male, older than 51, more than 21 serving years, or as the chief of department were with higher degree of distributed leadership perception. 3.Regarding perceived teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior, there was significant difference among teachers of different genders, ages, periods of service and positions in school. Teachers who are male, older than 51, more than 21 serving years, or as the chief of department were with higher degree of teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior perception. 4.The degree of principals’ distributed leadership and teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior was significant positively related. 5.The degree of teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior could be predicted by the degree of principals’ distributed leadership. 6.The SEM constructed for principals’ distributed leadership and teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior showed goodness of fit. According to the findings and conclusions given above, some suggestions are provided for practical applications and future research.

本研究主旨在於瞭解臺北市國民小學校長分布式領導、兼任行政教師情緒勞務與組織公民行為之現況，並分析不同背景變項之教師在知覺校長分布式領導、兼任行政教師情緒勞務與組織公民行為時產生的不同差異情形，且探討三者之間的關係，最後藉由校長分布式領導與兼任行政教師情緒勞務對其組織公民行為進行預測。 本研究採調查研究法，共計抽樣84所學校，發出540份問卷，回收451份問卷，其中有效問卷414份，問卷有效率達91.8%。資料處理分別以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關及多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方式進行統計分析。 本研究獲致以下之結論： 一、臺北市國民小學兼任行政教師知覺校長分布式領導為中高程度，以「校長專業自信與謙遜」之知覺程度為最高，「營造適當的變革時機」之知覺程度為最低。 二、臺北市國民小學兼任行政教師在其情緒勞務的知覺為中高程度，以「真誠演出」的知覺為最高，「深層演出」之知覺為最低。 三、臺北市國民小學兼任行政教師有中高程度之組織公民行為表現，以「敬業行為」之表現為最高，「工作要求高標準」的表現為最低。 四、臺北市國民小學兼任行政教師，因其性別、擔任職務、教育程度、學校規模、學校歷史之不同，而有不同的校長分布式領導知覺感受，以男性、擔任主任、研究所以上、學校規模在49班(含)以上、學校歷史在41-60年之教師知覺程度較高。 五、臺北市國民小學兼任行政教師，因其服務年資、擔任職務及學校規模之不同，而對於其情緒勞務之知覺感受有所不同，以服務年資21年(含)以上、擔任主任及學校規模在49班(含)以上之教師知覺程度較高。 六、臺北市國民小學兼任行政教師，因其年齡、服務年資、擔任職務及學校規模之不同，而展現出不同程度的教師組織公民行為，以51歲(含)以上、服務年資為21年(含)以上、擔任組長及學校規模為49班(含)以上之教師表現程度較高。 七、臺北市國民小學校長分布式領導、兼任行政教師情緒勞務與組織公民行為之知覺及各層面，彼此間具有正相關的關係。 八、臺北市國民小學兼任行政教師情緒勞務對教師組織公民行為整體及各層面具有預測作用，而校長分布式領導之層面「建構明確的績效責任」及「校長專業自信與謙遜」則對教師組織公民行為之「尊重學校體制」、「工作要求高標準」具有預測作用。 　　最後依據研究結果與結論，提出具體建議，以供教育行政機關、學校校長與兼任行政教師以及未來研究的參考。 關鍵字：分布式領導、教師情緒勞務、組織公民行為 / The study aims to investigate the current situation of the elementary school principal’s distributed leadership, administrations teacher’s emotional labor and organization citizenship behavior in Taipei City, and then analyze the administrative teachers in different background variables when they are conscious of the elementary school principal’s distributed leadership, administrations teacher’s emotional labor and organization citizenship behavior, and then explore the relationship among the three variables. In the end, the study through principal’s distributed leadership and administrative teachers’ emotional labor forecast the organization citizenship behavior. Questionnaire survey method is adopted in this study. The samples include 84 schools and 540 questionnaires were distributed. 451 questionnaires were returned. There were 414 valid questionnaires used in the statistic analysis and the usable rate is 91.8%. All data processing were analyzed by the methods of descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation , Multiple regression. The conclusions are as follows： 1. Elementary school administrative teachers’ perception of principal’s distributed leadership is above average , in which the item “principals’ self-confidence and humility” was the highest, and “creating a timing of trust” was the lowest. 2. Elementary school administrative teachers’ perception of teachers’ emotional labor is above average, in which the item “sincere performances” was the highest, and “deep acting” was the lowest. 3. Elementary school administrative teachers’ perception of teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior is above average and then the “dedication to the work” was the highest, and “highly working standards” was the lowest. 4. There are significant differences in the elementary school teachers’ perception of principal’s distributed leadership in terms of sex, position, bachelor of science, scale of school, and age of school. 5. There are significant differences in the elementary school teachers’ perception of teachers’ emotional labor in terms of years of service, position and scale of school. 6. There are significant differences in the elementary school teachers’ perception of teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior in terms of age, years of service, position and the scale of school. 7. There is positive correlation among the principals’ distributed, administrations teacher’s emotional labor and organization citizenship behavior. 8. Administrations teacher’s emotional labor have a predictive effect on teachers’ organization citizenship behavior. Keywords: distributed leadership, teacher’s emotional labor, organization citizenship behavior