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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

人口結構轉變對醫療保健支出的影響 / The impact of population structure changes on health and medical care expenses

陳苡蒨 Unknown Date (has links)
根據主計處2010年度家庭收支調查報告顯示,隨著國人平均壽命延長,衛生保健觀念增強,醫療保健支出比重增至14.4%。傳統的實證研究上,在研究兩變數乃至多變數之間的關係時,習慣以解釋變數來分析被解釋變數的行為,並且能進一步了解其間的因果關係。而本文以分量迴歸方法(Quantile regression)深入探討,試以解釋OLS迴歸方式所無法解釋的範圍。本研究資料來源為行政院主計處「家庭收支調查報告」1996、2001及2006年的資料,以家庭為基本單位,實證結果發現分量迴歸在某些場合中的確比OLS模型的解釋能力來得廣。而無論是OLS或是各分量在這三年間家庭可支配所得與醫療支出皆呈正顯著效果,1996年「人身意外災害醫療保險支出」在極端低分量支出呈負顯著效果,在研究醫療支出高的族群中,我們發現除了家庭可支配所得外,在觀察研究醫療支出高的族群時,家庭總人口數、6歲以下幼兒人口比例、65歲以上老年人口比例及都市化程度也是要考慮瞭解的部分,因此,影響醫療支出的決定因素除了經濟因素外,非經濟因數中家庭特質的表現影響亦深遠,本文以迴歸模型及分量迴歸模型分別求出其醫療所得彈性,不論在OLS模型下估計,還是分量迴歸模型,皆表示醫療用具設備及器材支出、住院診療及非受雇醫院醫護服務支出、醫療用品支出及健保就診消費支出為正常財,且為必需品。
2

系統性風險之衍生性商品對投資組合之效益分析 / 無

賴建安, Lai, Chien An Unknown Date (has links)
利用系統性風險之系列商品來擴大投資組合之投資集合與避險為近來非常熱門的議題,本文除了將波動率指數納入投資組合之外,並額外加入信用風險指數,藉由各種績效指標來衡量系統性風險指數能為投資組合所帶來的綜合效益。根據效率前緣與績效指標的結果顯示,投資級信用風險指數可以有效提升投資組合的夏普值,但卻不會使投資組合之風險值提升太多。 本文利用向量自我迴歸模型分析信用風險指數與大盤之間的動態關係,同時還利用分量迴歸進一步分析在不同報酬率之下,信用風險指數與大盤之間的關聯性。發現當市場狀況越差時,波動率指數與投資級信用風險指數間的相互影響幅度會越大,且分量迴歸其估計係數在中高分量時,明顯高於最小平方回歸模型。   綜合來說,根據本文的實證結果與過去眾多學者所做之研究,系統性風險指數確實可增進投資組合的投資效率,擴大投資組合的夏普值。更重要的是,研究信用風險指數的論文相當稀少,本文可增加此系列商品的文獻。同時也可當作台灣推出信用風險指數來促進市場效率以及作為風險管理之工具時的參考。
3

臺北市公共住宅對周圍住宅價格之影響 / The impact of public housing on nearby residential property values in Taipei city

黃怡潔, Huang, Yi Jie Unknown Date (has links)
近年臺北市政府試圖藉由興建品質良好的公共住宅,解決住宅價格高漲影響人民居住的問題,然附近居民往往認為公共住宅會造成周圍住宅生活環境品質低落及房價下跌,反對其於住家鄰近興建。過去國內缺乏以實證方式計算公共住宅對周圍住宅價格之影響,亦尚未針對新推出的公營出租住宅個案深入分析;而國外相關研究雖有利用量化實證公共住宅與周圍房價關係,然多針對個別公共住宅社區為研究對象,對不同類型公共住宅及其對不同高低房價住宅之影響與差異,缺乏更全面的探討分析,且亦未釐清住宅價格的空間自相關特性及公共住宅設立的不同階段等,對周圍房價影響效果的差異。 本文應用特徵價格理論傳統迴歸模型、空間迴歸模型及分量迴歸模型,以2012年7月至2015年9月之臺北市不動產實價登錄交易資料為對象,研究整建住宅、出售國宅、出租國宅、公營出租住宅等四類不同時期公共住宅,於100~300公尺不同影響範圍下,分別對周圍住宅價格的影響效果。另外並選取興隆公共住宅作為個案研究對象,以臺北市文山區不動產實價登錄交易資料為對象,應用差異中之差異法結合空間迴歸模型,分析興隆公共住宅的興建完工與住戶入住對於周圍住宅價格之外溢效果。實證結果顯示,附近有早期興建之整建住宅及出租國宅者,其住宅總價皆呈現顯著下跌現象,分別下跌約1.7%至8.9%及1.5%至7.7%;附近有出售國宅之住宅總價漲跌情形不顯著;而近期興建之公營出租住宅則造成周圍住宅價格顯著上漲約1.7%至7.7%;又前述影響程度皆隨影響範圍擴大而隨之減輕。進一步分析不同影響範圍下對周圍高低房價住宅的影響,公營出租住宅對周圍低價住宅正向提升效果為6.2%至7.1%,皆大於高價住宅之無顯著影響至3.2%。而興隆公共住宅的興建完工確實能使周圍住宅價格較外圍地區多提升約6.5%至15.8%,惟住戶入住興隆公共住宅則未具顯著正向的價格外溢效果。由新興辦的公營出租住宅對周圍房價造成正面影響的實證結果,應可釐清公共住宅外部性之正向效果,有助後續公共住宅的興建。 / In recent years, government has tried to build the public housing with high quality to solve the living problems caused by the soaring of the house price. However, residents beside the public housing often regard them as Nimbys that will detrimentally affect property values and oppose public housing to be built nearby. There were short of empirical studies that focus on the effects of public housing on nearby property, as well as the case study of social housing newly built in Taiwan. Besides, the empirical studies in foreign only select a specific public housing as their subject, which few of them analyze different effects caused by different types of public housing, ignore different effects on nearby property with different values, and have not clarify whether the spatial autocorrelation of property values as well as the construction and operation of the social housing leads to different results. This study analyzes the effect of social housing, resettled tenement, public housing for rent and for sale on nearby property values in different ranges separately by using hedonic price theory OLS, spatial and quantile regression as model, and selecting the sale price of real estate in Taipei City from July 2012 to September 2015 as sample. Besides, Xing-Long Social housing and sale prices of real estate in Wenshan district of Taipei City are also selected for case study applying Difference in Difference method with spatial regression, in order to analyze the nearby property values changes after the construction and the move in of the residents of Xing-Long social housing. The result shows that although resettled tenement and public housing for rent detrimentally affect the property values by 1.7% to 8.9% and 1.5% to 7.7% separately, public housing for sale does not affect the property values significantly, and social housing positively affects the property values by 1.7% to 7.7% on the contrary. In addition, these effects decline with distance from public housing. With regard to the impact on high and low priced property in different ranges, social housing has positive effect on low-priced property by 6.2% to 7.1% and no significant effect to 3.2% on high-priced property. The construction of Xing-Long social housing has positive spillover effect by 6.5% to 15.8%, however, the move in of the residents does not. Empirical results show that social housing newly built are able to enhance the property values nearby, which is contributed to the follow-up construction of the public housing.

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