墮胎的道德爭議一直是倫理學的重要課題。美國哲學家茱蒂絲．湯姆森在一九七一年發表〈為墮胎辯護〉 一文，這篇論文不但試圖反駁反對墮胎論者的立場，湯姆森藉由著名的小提琴家思想實驗，以女性的身體自主權為基礎論證 墮胎並非是道德上不可被允許的行為。本文研究〈為墮胎辯護〉該文之論點，並探討針對此文的批評爭端，接著藉由反駁對〈為墮胎辯護〉之批評，進一步為〈為墮胎辯護〉一文辯護。最後，本文同意湯姆森之主張：墮胎並非道德上不可被允許之行為；並呼籲人們在道德議題上公平地審視墮胎爭議。 / The moral debate on abortion has been a hot issue in Ethics. In 1971, American philosopher Judith Javis Thomson launched her famous thesis ‘A Defense of Abortion’ in which she argued against anti-abortionists. By the violinist thought experiment, she began with women’s bodily autonomy as her basic argument and claimed that abortion is not morally impermissible. My thesis here studied Thomson’s view on abortion and discussed the critics that ‘A Defense of Abortion’ evoked. Furthermore, I try to fight back those critics and defense for “A Defense of Abortion.” Finally, this thesis agrees Thomson’s claim: Abortion is not morally impermissible, and suggest that we should fairly examine the debate on abortion.