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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

政黨提名之挑戰者競選策略之研究 :以2014年台北市議員第六選區為例 / The Campaign Strategies of Party-nominated Challengers: a Case Study of 2014 Taipei City Councilor sixth constituency election

顏辰州, Yen, Chen Chou Unknown Date (has links)
選舉研究中,當前文獻多數指向挑戰者在競選過程中的不利之處,本研究以此為出發點,思考「具政黨提名資格的挑戰者該如何選舉」的問題,並以選前、選後的深度訪談,以及為期一個半月的觀察,了解2014年台北市議員選舉,第六選區的市議員挑戰者的競選過程與結果。 在單記不可讓渡投票制(SNTV)的制度因素與選區環境之下,本文透過政治經驗和開拓繼承兩個變數提出挑戰者競選的分析架構,也就是挑戰者是否有繼承選票,以及挑戰者是否有不同的政治經驗可以運用在選舉中,是影響挑戰者競選成敗的重要因素。 由本文四個比較研究的案當中可以發現,挑戰者如果具有明顯的政治繼承特性,對其競選組織的運作,選民的動員等,都有事半功倍的效果。另一方面,當挑戰者擁有一定程度的政治經驗時,在競選過程中的組織資源、策略靈活度、曝光度、競選熟練度,也都有所助益,間接導致競選的勝負關鍵。同樣地,雖然不同政黨的候選人在選戰策略的制訂上有所不同,但是此兩種特性同樣也讓挑戰者更有效率地處理來自單記不可讓渡投票制之下的黨內競爭問題。 另外,在此選制特性下,導致黨內高度競爭,國民黨長期以劃分責任里、民進黨以聯合競選、配票的兩種競選模式,意在減少同黨候選人間的衝突,因此本文亦聚焦挑戰者在不同的政黨角色下,如何因應政黨的競選模式,和同黨連任者、挑戰者之間的競合,如何影響選舉結果。 研究發現,面對不同的競選模式,由於國民黨責任里模式直接牽涉到地方里長是否支持、以及應對同黨連任者的進攻,國民黨挑戰者較民進黨挑戰者須花更多心力,固守責任里;而民進黨的配票策略,有賴於資深、現任議員的態度,黨部也必須適時介入協調,以降低配票或聯合競選破局的可能性。
2

趨中或極端?選制改革前後立委候選人在兩岸議題的政治立場 / Centripetal and Centrifugal: Legislator Candidates’ Position in the Issue of the Cross-Strait Relations before and after the Electoral Reform

蔡幸芳, Tsai, Hsin Fang Unknown Date (has links)
民主國家中選舉是獲得政治職位、聲望或權力的主要途徑之一,有許多因素會影響選舉結果,其中選舉制度是決定在位者與挑戰者去留的關鍵,決定如產生當選者,選舉制度往往會影響候選人的參選動機、競選方式、選民的投票行為,甚至會造成不同類型的政黨政治。本研究主要探究立委選舉從第七屆開始實行單一選區兩票制後,區域立委候選人的政治立場相較於過去在複數選區單記不可讓渡投票制下,是否有所不同或發生改變。本研究以兩岸議題為例,以第五屆及第七屆區域立法委員候選人為分析單位,並依其選舉公報採內容分析法為研究焦點。本研究有幾個研究發現:首先、選制改革有相當程度反映在屆別的差異上,對立委候選人兩岸立場造成影響;其次、雖然新選制下立委候選人提出更多的兩岸政見,但所提出的兩岸政見,新選制相較於舊選制,不但統獨立場趨中,且論述語氣略微和緩,此一發現支持中位選民定理,也就是說,在單一選區相對多數決制之下,立委候選人的兩岸議題不管在方向或是程度上,相較SNTV制度均有往中間靠攏的趨勢,意即新選制下的立委候選人在政見立場方向,是符合理論預期往意識形態光譜中間移動,傾向提出方向趨中且統獨維持現狀或中立的兩岸政見。 / In democratic country, election is the main approach for the politicians to receive position, reputation, and power. Many factors affect the result. Electoral system is one of the key causes to determine who-incumbent and challenger- will win the election. In addition, electoral systems also affect the process of producing winner, the candidates’ motive and campaign, the electorate’s voting behaviors. and even different types of party politics. This paper targets on the district legislators’ behaviors. Do their behaviors change after the electoral reform transiting from SNTV to Single-District Two-Votes System? To be more specific, I focus on the fifth and seventh terms of legislators as the analysis unit, and explore their attitudes or campaign platform on Cross-Strait issue, which are published on the campaign communique. I used the content analysis to analyze the campaign communique. There are several findings implied from this research. First, electoral system indeed affects legislators’ positions on Cross-Strait issues. There is significant difference between the fifth and seventh terms of legislators. Second, comparing with the fifth term, although the seventh term of legislators propose more Cross-Strait-related campaign platform, their attitudes are more moderate. This finding supports the median voter theorem. Under the Single-District System, comparing with SNTV, legislators will stand on moderate position on Cross-Strait issue, no matter on direction or intensity. In conclusion, the findings fit to my expectation that the seventh term of legislators stand on moderate position on the political spectrum. They are incline to propose more neutral campaign platform. They prefer maintaining the status quo to unification or independence.

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