即時通訊(Instant Messaging，IM)和部落格(Blog)是近來廣受應用的社會性軟體(Social Software, SS)。面對網路世代的發展趨勢，圖書資訊學界亦開始探討網路科技對資訊服務所帶來的衝擊，特別是以年輕族群為服務對象的大學圖書館，若能適當地利用社會性軟體，不僅可做為館員與使用者溝通的橋樑，亦有助於館員組織其工作，成為促進圖書館在網路時代拓展服務和提高價值地位之利器。 本研究旨在瞭解社會性軟體在大學圖書館的應用，以即時通訊和部落格為研究對象，探討國內大學圖書館員的使用情況，並分析館員對兩者應用於圖書資訊領域之看法，進而針對美國與臺灣地區大學圖書館的即時通訊參考服務和圖書館部落格進行分析，藉以做為圖書資訊領域整合及應用社會性軟體於資訊服務和工作業務之參考。在研究方法上，透過「文獻分析法」、「網路問卷調查法」和「個案研究法」，從量化與質化的方式，探討及分析即時通訊與部落格的使用情況、應用看法及建置模式。 本研究發現：一、我國大學圖書館員多已使用即時通訊，惟以私人用途為主。二、即時通訊可做為圖書館組織溝通及數位參考服務之用。三、圖書館應用即時通訊為資訊服務發展趨勢，但亟需重視人力及管理之配套措施。四、我國大學圖書館員已有建置個人部落格經驗，並多採用免費服務平臺。五、大學圖書館建置部落格，做為圖書館服務的延伸。六、圖書館部落格可做為資訊服務的新入口，但須同時配合人力資源、教育訓練與維護管理等考量。七、美國大學圖書館在即時通訊參考服務與圖書館部落格發展上已具規模，可供國內未來應用參考。八、即時通訊參考服務應提供多種軟體類型及跨假日之彈性服務方式，以供使用者擇取。九、圖書館部落格應善用各種部落格功能，與圖書館服務的結合，拓展資訊服務的能見度。 最後建議：一、大學圖書館應積極推動與行銷即時通訊參考服務，實踐圖書館數位參考服務理念。二、針對館員的即時通訊參考服務技巧與能力加以訓練，培育參考諮詢服務優質人選。三、利用即時通訊暢通組織交流，並研訂明確管理辦法，以提升館內同仁協調合作績效。四、建置圖書館部落格，拓展圖書館實體與虛擬服務機會。五、圖書館部落格應結合RSS功能及連結圖書資訊領域部落格，開展即時和新穎的資訊服務。六、開設不同層次的部落格教育與訓練課程，培養館員管理維護知能。七、掌握和分析社會性軟體之發展和應用趨勢，並定期審核與評估實施效益。八、圖書資訊學教育應開設社會性軟體相關課程，鼓勵師生學習和使用。 / Instant Messaging (IM) and Blog are two kinds of the Social Software extensively used recently. While facing the trend and development of network generation, the field of library and information science also began to discuss the impact of network technology on information services, especially the academic libraries of serving young undergraduate. If used appropriately, social software not only can bridge the communications between librarians and users, but also benefit librarians to organize their works effectively. Moreover, it can become the powerful tool of facilitating libraries to extend services and enhance value in the network age. The purpose of this study is to investigate the applications of social software in the academic libraries. Using IM and Blog as subjects, the study tries to understand how academic librarians use those two social software, analyze their viewpoint of applying both in the field of library and information science, and further discuss the issues of using IM reference services and Library Blog at the academic libraries in the United States and Taiwan for the application of social software in the field of library and information science. The “Internet questionnaire” and “Case study” were used, followed by quantitative and qualitative method to discuss and analyze the use, viewpoint and the application models of IM and Blog. The findings shows: (1) Academic librarians had used IM extensively, but rather for personal matters; (2) IM can be used for communications among library organizations and digital references services; (3) IM application is the trend of information services, but manpower issues and management must be addressed; (4) Academic librarians had experiences in Blog establishment and most librarians built their Blog based on free service platforms; (5) Library Blog can be used for the extension of library services; (6) Library Blog could be a new portal of information service, but the human resources, maintenance, management and education training need to be seriously considered; (7) The application of IM reference services and Library Blogs had been highly developed in American academic libraries which can be good models for the libraries in Taiwan; (8) The IM reference service would achieve better success if it goes across work day an holiday, and provides diversified software , downloading and manuals for users’s option; (9) Library Blog shall well employ Blog functions to combine with library services and enhance the visibility of information services. Finally, the conclusions were made: (1) Academic libraries should actively promote IM reference services; (2) Training librarians for IM reference service skills, develop talented person for reference consulting services; (3) Using IM to communicate and coordinate among library staffs; (4) Establish Library Blog to provide virtual service; (5) Library Blog should properly use RSS and link the Blogs within the field of library and information science to develop real-time and innovative information services; (6) Design Blog educational training courses for different levels to develop maintaining and managerial skills of librarians; (7) Observing the trend of social software development and evaluate its implementation periodically; (8) Library and information science schools should conduct course on social software, and encourage teachers and students to apply it effectively.