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我國民眾對兩岸經貿之認知研究 / Attitude of People in Taiwan toward Cross-Strait Trade.葉昕, Yeh, Hsin Unknown Date (has links)
2008年馬英九總統上任後,遵行「先經後政」的兩岸政策方針,積極與中國大陸簽訂了多項協議,但我國民眾對此出現許多疑慮。2013年6月,海基會與海協會於中國大陸上海簽署《海峽兩岸服務貿易協議》,並對外公布兩岸的開放清單,此舉引發我國民眾不滿,認為政府單位未做到與民間充分協調的工作,並憂心將使臺灣在經濟與政治上更依賴中國大陸,造成社會不安,其後,我國於2014年3月,爆發了國內大規模的「太陽花學運」抗爭活動。
近年來,中國大陸已成為臺灣最大的貿易夥伴,但基於臺灣與中國大陸的特殊關係,兩岸間的經貿發展一直是台灣民眾相當關心的問題。本研究的主要目的為,在兩岸經貿互動非常密切與民意優先的今日,了解民眾對於兩岸經貿的認知與立場,試圖了解哪些因素會使民眾對於兩岸經貿的態度改變,並在過往研究的基礎上,洞悉影響民眾兩岸經貿態度的內在及外在因素如何相互作用,使民眾的兩岸經貿認知產生變化,並使用國立政治大學選舉研究中心「線上調查實驗室」於2015年4月,所進行的網路民調資料來分析。
根據前述架構,本研究將內在因素歸類為人口變項、心理認同、經濟考量以及政治考量四個部分;外在因素則藉由當今兩岸經貿交流互動中所遭遇到的問題點作為設計,涵蓋經濟利益、談判過程與安全因素等三部分,並提出政府可實行政策之方向,以條件問句來看民眾在情況下的態度變化。
資料檢測的結果發現,民眾對於各項條件句的接受程度不一,甚至加入條件句後,對於兩岸經貿的態度有轉向負向的情況,顯見不同的背景的民眾,將藉由相異的思考面向來形塑其對於兩岸經貿認知。而其中,安全因素的條件,將最有助於扭轉原先不贊成兩岸經貿的民眾意見。
研究發現,影響民眾對於兩岸經貿態度的變數中,除過去較常討論的內在因素外,外在因素同時具有影響力。臺灣民眾看待兩岸經貿不全然受到感性因素影響,當政府適時的給予政策上的幫助時,民眾仍會改變態度,以理性作為思考。希冀藉由本研究的討論,對於民眾兩岸經貿立場認知有更全面性的了解,並提供實質上的政策意涵。
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A Study of Factors for Senior High English Teachers in the Greater Taipei Area in Textbook Selection / 大台北地區高中英文老師選擇教科書考量因素之研究柯宗明, Ko,Tsung-ming Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在探討大台北地區(台北縣與台北市)高中英語科教師在選擇教材時,可能會考量到的因素,其研究重點在於了解不同學校類型(公、私立,與城、鄉學校)以及資深與年輕老師在選擇教材時,是否有其不同的考量因素。
本研究主採問卷調查,佐以訪談方式進行。除就大台北地區二十七所公、私立高中英語科教師做抽樣調查外,並針對十位教師及六位教科書編撰者進行深入訪談,希望藉此進一步了解教師們與教科書編撰者所考量的因素為何,並探討兩者所考量的因素是否有其相關性。本研究最後歸納出結論如下:
1. 學生的英語程度與學習需求以及英語文的正確與自然度是老師與教材編撰者共同考量的因素。
2. 選擇教材時,公立高中的英文老師重視經銷人員的服務態度與售後服務以及教材的配套完整。而私立高中的英文老師重視大學聯考的導向以及學校教育政策。
3. 選擇教材時,任教於城市的高中英文老師重視經銷人員的服務態度與售後服務、溝通式教學法的理念以及教科書所涵蓋的文化層面。而任教於鄉鎮的高中英文老師重視老師本身多重職務角色之扮演(教學、導師或其他行政職務)、教學信念跟語文能力以及教材的價格是否合宜。
4. 選擇教材時,資深與年輕老師所考量的因素並沒有很大的差異。
整體來說,在選擇教材時,內在因素例如英語文的正確性、教材的編輯原理與組織架構仍是老師們最主要的考量。然而外在因素例如學生的英語程度、大學聯考的導向、學校教育政策、以及經銷人員的服務態度,亦是老師在選擇教材時所會考量到因素。因此本研究建議出版社在編撰教科書時也應考量到外在因素,使其教科書更趨於完善,更能符合老師與學生的需求。然而在此同時,老師們也應加強自己的專業知識,使其在選擇教材時能做出最正確的判斷。 / The present study was aimed at investigating what factors English teachers of senior high schools in greater Taipei area took into consideration when selecting textbooks, with particular focus on the comparison of differences between public and private schools, urban and rural schools, and senior and young teachers. Meanwhile, textbook compilers’ considerations were also explored to see if their concerns were in accordance with those of teachers.
The questionnaire survey was the main research method of the present study. Moreover, the interview method was also conducted to probe further information. In total, 10 English teachers and 6 textbook compilers were interviewed in the present research.
Based on the findings of the present study, four crucial points were concluded as suggested.
1. Most students’ English proficiency and learning needs as well as accurate and proper English were the primary concerns of the general English teachers and textbook compliers.
2. When selecting textbooks, public school teachers emphasized salespersons’ service and the textbook’s intact package, whereas private school teachers considered Joint College Entrance Examination, and school’s leadership more.
3. Likewise, urban school teachers took salespersons’ service, Communicative Approach and cultural component into more account than rural school teachers who were more concerned about teachers’ various roles such as teachers, mentors or administrative personnel, their own English proficiency, and textbooks’ price.
4. However, no significant differences were found between senior teachers and young teachers.
Generally speaking, internal factors such as appropriateness, naturalness of English, and rationale, organization of the textbook were the primary concerns for senior high English teachers in textbook selection. However, English teachers of senior high schools were also concerned about external factors such as English proficiency and learning needs, Joint College Entrance Examination, school’s leadership, and salespersons’ service. Therefore, it is suggested that publishing companies should take external factors into more consideration to ensure that textbook being compiled can be more comprehensive in all aspects and be related to needs of both teachers and students. Meanwhile, teachers should take a firm stance based on their updated professional knowledge in making any sound judgments related to textbook selection and evaluation.
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