檔案是重要的歷史記憶，透過檔案，我們可以還原歷史的原貌。檔案所孕涵的意義與歷史教育有十分緊密的關連性。近年高中歷史教學相當注重學生的歷史思維，而檔案正是幫助培養歷史思維的最好教材，運用在高中歷史教學，正其時也。 隨著近年台灣意識的高漲，台灣史在歷史教育的地位與比重也隨著水漲船高，因此本研究便以檔案為基礎，台灣史為主題，期望能於本研究中，找出適合提供歷史教學使用的台灣史檔案，並藉此呼應現行教綱對於高中歷史教學的思維革新，為檔案創造出更具意義的加值空間。 本研究採用「內容分析法」與「訪談法」進行研究，在內容分析上分成兩個面向，分別針對現行高中歷史教材與現有台灣各檔案機關現藏檔案進行分析，分析出高中台灣史教學的重要議題、檔案以及檔案如何運用在高中歷史教學上。之後再針對舉有實際教學經驗的高中歷史教師進行訪談，借重其教學上的經驗，最後實際撰寫檔案運用在高中台灣史教學的主題教案。 研究結果有以下幾點發現：一、高中歷史教育的觀念與內容漸趨改變，由記誦之學轉為思辨之學；二、高中歷史教科書中開始出現檔案內容的運用；三、高中台灣史教學的比重將有所調整，跳脫以政治史為主體的觀念；四、台灣史檔案的典藏分佈於各檔案典藏機構，以清代、日據及政府遷台後三大部分為主；五、高中教師在備課時缺乏檔案資源之相關資訊；六、檔案運用在歷史教學上需增加檔案的「可親近性」。 根據研究結果，提出以下幾點建議：一、鼓勵檔案典藏機構可優先選取特定主題，逐步進行歷史教育方面的檔案加值工作；二、檔案典藏機構可與高中歷史教師加強合作，主動提供相關資訊；三、建置中學歷史教師教材資源整合的資料庫平台。 / Archives are the important historical memory. We can return to the original history by archives. The meaning of archive is a large relationship with history education. History education in high schools make a point of students’ historical thought in recent years. Archives are the best material to develop historical thought, so it’s the moment to use archive in the history education for high school. With the rising of Taiwan consciousness, Taiwan history is getting more and more important in history education. This thesis based on the archive as the foundation, with the subject of Taiwan History. To creative a suitable archive for history teaching Taiwan History is expected, echoing the high school history teaching of the innovation, and more valuable space for archives. This thesis applied “the content analysis method” and “deeply interview approach” to find the application of archives in Taiwan history teaching of the high schools. There are two aspects of content analysis method, one is about high school history teaching material, and the other is about archives as far as information goes. These analyses will find the important subjects and archives of Taiwan history teaching in high school. Then, deeply interviews were conducted to high school history teachers experienced in order to draw up the “teaching plan” about the subjects of Taiwan history teaching in high school. Based on the research findings, the conclusions of this study are: 1. High school history education idea gradually changes the memory learning by rote to intellection . 2. the archives is beginning to use in high school history textbook. 3. The high school Taiwan history teaching proportion adjusted with takes the political history away as the main body. 4. Taiwan history archives preserve from various organizations. 5. High school history teachers lack of the information about archive resources 6. When we use the archives in history teaching, we should increase simplicity of archives. Finally, according to the results of the study, several suggestions are provided: 1. Encourage the archive institution to proceed to work about increase the values of archives. 2. The archive institution can strengthen the cooperation with high school history teacher. 3. Establish information base platform to conform the teaching sources of high school history teachers.