我國女性勞動參與率逐年上升，雙薪家庭比例逐年升高，然而在家庭中幼兒的照顧工作仍以女性為主力，透過完備的公共托育政策將有助於平等性別分工。我國自2001年起推動社區保母系統服務，自2008年起開辦保母托育管理與托育費用補助計畫，旨在於使雙薪家庭父母親能夠安心使用保母托育服務。 本研究目的在探討幼兒父親與母親決定使用保母服務及選擇保母的動機及考量因素，以及使用保母服務托育後父親與母親自覺對自己的父職角色及母職角色的認知有何影響。並透過研究結果以提供保母與保母托育服務管理者參考及協助媒合。 本研究屬質化研究，透過位於台北的彭婉如基金會提供9對父母親受訪者，為避免夫妻權力干擾，訪談方式為研究者與父母親分開之單獨訪談。研究結論歸納九點：一、因家庭經濟考量與無法由家裡長輩照顧而尋求保母托育，且「人際管道」為主要的找保母管道；二、父母親普遍重視保母證照；三、選擇保母時，父母親重視托育持續性，意即可固定保母長期托育；四、父母親期待保母能有其他托育幼兒，使幼兒可學習人際互動；五、父母親選擇保母時重視幼兒感受；六、家長使用有系統管理的保母較安心；七、家庭對於選擇保母是以「母親」意見為主導，且母親考量較細緻；八、母親對於使用保母服務有愧疚感且感受深切，父親則無；九、使用保母服務有助於親職角色的發揮。最後，提出幾點關於承辦社區保母系統基金會的角色、保母訓練課程，以及托育政策等的相關建議。 / Taiwan's female labor force participation rate increased year by year, the proportion of double-income family is gradually increased, however, still women in the care of the children in the family as the main force, through a comprehensive public childcare policy will contribute to equal gender division of labor. Taiwan since 2001 to promote Communal Nurse the System service, Child care management and child care fee allowance program offered since 2008, aims to double income families, parents can feel at ease to use the Family child care providers nursery service. The purpose of this study was to investigate fathers and mothers decided to use the family child care providers nursery service and the motives and considerations of selecting the family child care providers, as well as after the use of the family child care providers nursery service, the father and the mother is conscious awareness of fatherhood and Motherhood what impact. And through research results to provide Family child care providers and the Family child care providers nursery service managers Reference and assist in matching. This study is a qualitative research, nine pairs of parents of respondents through the Peng Wan-Ru Foundation located at Taipei. The way of interview in this study to separate researcher and the parents is for avoiding the interference from parents by marital power. Conclusion this study of nine points:1.Due to the family economy and at home elder cannot take care of children, seeking for a child care, and seeking for a child care “interpersonal channels” is the main way; 2. Parents generally value the Family child care providers’ license; 3.Select a family child care provider parents attach importance to child care sustained, meaning family child care providers can be long-term childcare; 4.Parents look forward to the family child care providers can take care other children so that children can learn social interaction; 5.Parents choose family child care providers focus on children feeling; 6.Parents use family child care providers of systems management service feel trust; 7.Family select the family child care providers leading on the views of "mother", and mother considerations is in greater detail; 8. Mother feeling guilt and deep feelings for the family child care provider service, but no father; 9.The family child care providers nursery service contribute to the parenting role to play. Finally, offer some points of the foundation’s role to host the Communal Nurse System service, family child care providers training courses and childcare policy recommendations.

同性戀處在以異性戀為主流的社會中往往被視為奇怪、不正常的一群人。同性戀污名不僅影響同志本身，它也擴散至與其親近的家人身上。本研究即源自於研究者出櫃之後與母親的互動經驗，試圖以陽剛女同志的母親為出發點，運用Denzin的解釋性互動論（interpretive interactionism）為研究方法，深度訪談六位陽剛女同志的母親，探究女兒的同志身分與陽剛氣質帶給母親的個人苦惱與其母職實踐經驗。進一步地，研究者也爬梳主流意識形態與社會政策與母親生命經驗之間的關連。最後，反思助人工作者與同志父母互動時能扮演的角色與倡議之方向。 本研究的主要發現如下：一、母親成長過程中所內化的性別經驗成為她們看待陽剛同志女兒的基礎，越早接觸到同性戀議題或是擁有同性戀友人的母親，女兒的出櫃帶給她們的衝擊越小。二、越能在性別認同與性別氣質觀念上有所解放的母親，越能承接起「陽剛女同志的母親」之身分。三、母親會調整自己的母職工作以因應女兒的同志身分所帶來的議題。此外，「母職意識形態」在母親與同志女兒互動的經驗裡亦作為一把雙面刃，一方面令母親質疑自己是否因為擁有同志女兒而不是一位「好媽媽」；但另一方面，有些母親則轉化「母親」的身分，從私領域進入公領域成為所有同志孩子的母親，嘗試改變同志父母與同志孩子在社會中的處境。四、華人家庭照顧倫理的影響使得同志女兒的老年照顧問題成為母親共同面臨的議題，母親也在此種意識型態之下發展出不同的策略來為女兒的老年作準備。 / Homosexuals are often seemed to be the odd and abnormal ones among the heterosexual society. The stigma is not only tagged to the homosexuals, but spread its unfriendliness to their close families. This research was originated from researcher’s own experience of interaction with her mother after coming out, trying to investigate the trouble brought by masculine lesbian’s identity to her mother, and the mother’s practiced experiences at mothers’ view, through in depth interview of six masculine lesbians’ mothers by using Denzin’s interpretive interactionism as methodology. Further more, researcher went through the connection between the mainstream ideology and social policy, and the experiences they brought to a masculine lesbian’s mother. At the end, researcher rethinks what social workers’ role should be like and how should they provide help when interacting with parents of homosexuals. Findings of this research include: 1. The gender experiences internalized during a mother’s growth process becomes the foundation of how they see their masculine lesbian daughter; the earlier a mother aware of homosexual issue or having a homosexual friend, the smaller impact she have when her daughter coming out. 2. How much a mother could bear the identity of “masculine lesbian’s mother” depends on how liberate she is to the gender identity and gender temperament. 3. A mother will adjust her motherhood in respond to the issue brought by her daughter’s lesbian identity. Moreover, the “motherhood ideology” is a double-edged sword in the interaction experience between a mother and her lesbian daughter; on the one hand, the mother question herself for having a lesbian daughter, on the other hand, some mother convert her motherhood, from one’s mother into all lesbian’s mother, and trying to change the status of homosexual and their parents in the social environment. 4. The concept of traditional oriental family makes nursing care of lesbian daughter in her elder age a common issue for lesbians’ mothers, and because of this ideology, they have developed different strategies to prepare their daughter for their elder age.