為瞭解幼兒期學習才藝與國小學業成就相關因素的關係，乃以國小二年級學童及其家長為研究對象，共蒐集到712份有效樣本，採用基本資料表、幼兒期才藝學習調查表、父母教育期望量表以及父母教養信念量表等研究工具，獲得所需資料，再以描述統計、卡方檢定、區別分析、T檢定、單因子變異數分析、Scheffe’事後考驗、多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析。結果發現： 　　1.國小低年級學童在幼兒期有學習才藝的比例高達87.6％。以學習類才　　　藝學習最多（69.7％），學習藝術類才藝居次（61.1％），而以學習　　　運動類最少（48.3％）。 2.背景變項與國小低年級學童在幼兒期學習才藝的關係：(1) 父母教育　　　程度不同，幼兒期有無學習才藝有顯著差異，學習才藝類別也有顯著差　　　異。(2)父母職業不同、母親有無工作，幼兒期學習才藝類別有顯著差　　　異。(3)每月家庭總所得不同，幼兒期有無學習才藝有顯著差異，學習　　　才藝類別也有顯著差異。(4)家庭結構不同，幼兒期有無學習才藝有顯　　　著差異。(6)性別不同的兒童，其幼兒期學習才藝類別有顯著差異。 　　3.父母教育期望，以學習才藝類別量區分有顯著差異。 　　4.父母教養信念，以學習才藝類別量區分有顯著差異。 　　5.國小低年級學童在幼兒期有無學習才藝，其學業成就確實有顯著差異存　　　在；學習才藝類別不同，其學業成就也有顯著差異存在。 　　6.背景變項、父母教育期望以及幼兒期有無學習才藝，確實能有效預測國　　　小低年級學童學業成就。背景變項、父母教育期望以及幼兒期學習才藝　　　類別，能有效預測幼兒期有學習才藝的國小低年級學童的學業成就。 本研究根據上述研究結果加以討論，並對家庭教育、學前教育、社會教育、未來研究等方面提出建議。 關鍵字：幼兒、才藝、父母教育期望、父母教養信念、學業成就

本研究主要目的在探討都市原住民族學生在父母教育期望、學生學習動機及學生學業成就的現況，並探討不同背景變項間的差異情形，分析都市原住民族學生在父母教育期望、學生學習動機及學業成就的相關情形，最後並探究父母教育期望及學生學習動機對學生學業成就之回歸預測分析。 本研究採問卷調查法，以臺北縣六所國民中學原住民族重點學校的學生為研究對象，共計595人，以描述性統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、Scheffé事後比較、皮爾森積差相關及多元迴歸分析等方法進行統計分析。 本研究得到以下的主要發現： 一、 都市國中原住民族學生在父母教育期望、學生學習動機及學生學業成就均為中上程度。 二、 都市國中原住民族學生在父母教育期望、學生學習動機及學生學業成就，因背景變項不同而有顯著差異。 三、 都市國中原住民族學生在父母教育期望、學生學習動機與學生學業成就有顯著的低度正相關。 四、 都市國中原住民族學生在父母教育期望和學生學習動機有顯著的中度正相關。 五、 都市國中原住民族學生在父母教育期望、學生學習動機對學生學業成就具有顯著的預測力。 / The main purpose of this study was to understand the relationships among parent education expectation, learning motivation, and academic achievement of urban aboriginal junior high school students. Survey method is used in this research. By purposeful sampling, 595 valid samples were acquired. The instruments used in the research are included Parent Education Expectation Scale and Learning Motivation Scale. The statistical methods used to analyze the data were descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way anova, Scheffé method, pearson product-moment correlation coefficient analysis, and multiple regression analysis . The conclusions of major were as follows: 1. Parent education expectation, learning motivation, and academic achievement of urban aboriginal Junior high school students were in medium-high range. 2. There were significant differences of parent education expectation, learning motivation, and academic achievement of urabn aboriginal Junior high school students. 3. The correlations among parent education expectation, learning motivation, and academic performance were positively significant. 4. The correlations between parent education expectation and learning motivation were positively significant. 5. Urban aboriginal junior high school students’ parent education expectation and learning motivation, could significantly predict their academic performance.

本研究旨在探討國小二年級兒童才藝補習、父母教育期望與幸福感的關係。主要目的有七：一、瞭解目前台北市國小二年級兒童參加才藝補習的概況。二、瞭解目前有參加才藝補習的台北市國小二年級兒童其父母教育期望現況。三、瞭解目前有參加才藝補習的台北市國小二年級兒童幸福感的概況。四、探討不同性別、家庭社經地位，國小二年級兒童參加才藝補習的概況及其間之差異。五、探討不同父母教育期望，國小二年級兒童參加才藝補習的概況及其間之差異。六、探討國小二年級兒童參加才藝補習的不同，其幸福感有差異。七、探討背景變項、父母教育期望、兒童才藝補習對國小二年級兒童幸福感的預測力。 本研究採問卷調查法，以台北市十二個行政區之公立國小二年級兒童及其家長為研究對象，蒐集到有效樣本275對。使用的工具包括「個人基本資料調查表」、「兒童才藝補習調查問卷」、「父母教育期望量表」及「國小二年級兒童幸福感量表」。在資料處理方面，以描述統計、T檢定、卡方獨立性考驗、單因子變異數分析以及多元迴歸分析考驗研究假設，並進行分析，主要發現如下： 一、有參加才藝補習台北市國小二年級兒童其父母教育期望屬「中、高期望」。 二、目前台北市國小二年級兒童才藝補習漸增，且較重視知識型才藝補習。 三、有參加才藝補習的台北市國小二年級兒童幸福感大致良好，有「中等以上」程度。 四、背景變項對兒童才藝補習的關係，受家庭社經地位影響最大。 五、父母教育期望對兒童才藝補習並無顯著影響。 六、兒童才藝補習與兒童幸福感無顯著差異。 七、在背景變項、父母教育期望、兒童才藝補習對國小二年級兒童幸福感的預測力中，只有「同時參加知識型與運動型」的才藝補習對幸福感有預測力。 / The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship anomg After-School learning, educational expectation of parents and Well-being of Elementary School Children. The main purposes of this study were as follows： 1. Understanding of the current Taipei in second grade children to participate in an overview of after-school learning, educational expectations of their parents , and well-being. 2. Analyzing the differences of the after-school learning influenced by different gender, family socio-economic status, and educational expectaion. 3. Exploring second-grade children participated in different after-school learning classes, the difference between their well-being 4. Understanding the predictions of well-being of second grade children influenced by gender, socioeconomic status, educational expectation, and after-school learning. The questionnaire survey was adopted. By means of the random sampling, 275 students and their parents were chosen from the second grade in 12 Taipei municipal elementary schools as the objects of the study. The instruments used in the study were “Basic Information Questionnaire”, “After-School Learning Inventory”, “Educational Expectations Scale” ,and “Children Well-being Scale”. The statistical methods used to analyze the data were descriptive statistics, t-test, Chi-square test of independence, one-way anova, and multiple regression analysis. The results go as follows： 1. The second grade elementary school children participating in after-school learning classes, their parents looked forward to ”middle and high expectations”. 2. The second grade elementary school children participated in more and more after-school learning, especially knowledge-based after-school learning classes. 3. The well-being of second grade elementary school children participating in after -school learnig was above average. 4. The difference of the after-school learning are influenced by different background variables, especially socioeconomic. 5. There were no differences between educational expectation of parents and after-school learning. 6. There were no differences between after-school learning and well-being of elementary school children. 7. Participating in knowledge-based and sports-based after-school learning classes at the same time could predict well-being of second grade elementary school children.