本研究以TEPS資料庫第二、三波追蹤樣本為資料來源，使用多元迴歸分析中的OLS（ordinal least squares）最小平方法，分析不同管教方式之父母比較行為如何影響子女之綜合能力。刪除作答不全的缺失值後，共計取得有效樣本為2,595人。 研究結果顯示：父母管教方式若以雙向度作為分類，以高反應（74.6％）與高要求（69.2％）者居多，綜合兩大面向後，有52.40％的父母採取開明權威型的管教方式，有22.20％的父母為專制權威型，有16.90％的父母為寬鬆放任型，有8.50％的父母是忽視冷漠型。此外，父母最常把子女與其同班同學（45.5％）進行比較，其次依序為鄰居小孩、同事或朋友小孩（42.0％）、同年齡的親戚（37.0％）、兄弟姊妹（26.9％），父母最少拿自己小時候（18.8％）與子女相比。 經由多元迴歸分析之後得知，無論是開明權威、專制權威、寬鬆放任或忽視冷漠型的父母，凡拿子女與其「同班同學」比較者，子女的綜合能力越高，達到統計顯著水準；但是當父母持專制權威的管教方式時，無論有無加入控制變項（子女性別、父母教育程度和家庭月收入），有與「同班同學」和「父母小時候」比較者，其綜合能力顯著越高，但與「同年齡親戚」比較者，其綜合能力顯著越低。 / The research was to explore the effects of parenting style, parental comparison, and the interaction of them on children’s general ability. Data were collected from Taiwan Education Panel Survey (TEPS), the core panel in the second and the third wave. Total number of the students from high school reduced to 2,595 people after listwise deletion. We explored the effects by using ordinal least squares in the multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there were 74.6% high-respective parents, and 69.2% high-demanding ones. Mixed with the two dimensions, demanding and responsive, there were 52.40% authoritative parents, 22.20% authoritarian ones, 16.90% indulgent ones, and 8.50% neglectful ones. Besides, parents compared their children with their classmates (45.5%), neighbors (42.0%), cousins (37.0%), siblings (26.9%), and parents’ childhood (18.8%). After regression, the results showed in the following ways. First, no matter what the parenting style was, children who were compared with classmates had significantly higher ability. Whether adding the control variables like children’ gender, parents’ education level and family monthly income or not, when parents were authoritarian, children compared with classmates and parents’ childhood had significantly higher ability. Meanwhile, if they were compared with cousins, then they had significantly lower ability. Keywords: Taiwan Education Panel Survey (TEPS), multiple regression analysis, parenting style, social comparison, general ability