隨著經濟狀況不景氣，失業率居高不下，社會治安日趨惡化。因此政府不斷進行各種維護治安、掃蕩犯罪組織專案工作，但從各種民意調查資料顯示，民眾對於政府在「治安」、「交通」施政滿意仍然未見上升。警察除了維持治安、疏導交通或處理一般民眾爭端，甚至還需要協助他單位執行公權力。在警力不足的情形下，往往必須犧牲家庭甚至個人身心健康，以貫徹治安使命。繁重的工作、身心健康及家庭生活難以兼顧，但並無相關配套鼓勵措施或者健全的福利制度，使得員警在工作崗位上負擔極大的壓力。部分員警家庭因此破碎，或鋌而走險、甚有自戕及從事違法犯紀之行為，造成警察形象為民眾所詬病的原因。 研究者自警察大學畢業迄今，已從事警察領導職務多年，經常接觸基層執行勤務員警。由於警察任務性質屬於全時及經常處於高度壓力的狀況下，相對地造成員警對於自己所從事的工作，有相當不同的工作意向。尤其警察工作經常於深夜服勤，生活方式日夜顛倒，與家人共處時間短暫，工作上面又臨績效壓力。在此種品質不佳的生活與工作條件下，家庭問題及婚姻生活與工作特性對於員警工作意向影響極大。 為瞭解員警治安意向、職場與家庭意識，本研究採問卷調查法針對治安、職場與家庭三大項目，調查ㄧ三六題次的問題，以確認受試者認為作好哪一項措施，對於治安之維護有重大影響力以及對該項措施的滿意程度。並在進行問卷調查後，再針對所得資料處裡，採取「理想型」之建構模式，進行質化分析。即以多元方法交叉檢視，採取「主─輔設計」方式，以質化的研究為主，以量化方式作為輔助之功能。 本研究發現如下： 壹、治安意向方面：其原因不外為重案緩判，影響治安（本研究發現員警認為法官對於飛車搶案量刑寬鬆，交保容易，再犯率偏高，使警方疲於奔命）；層級偏低，受制於人（警察組織層級偏低未能發揮整體治安決策及協調整合之功能）；升遷無望，難有鬥志（基層員警未能循序晉升至巡官以上職務，因升遷無望，喪失鬥志）；警力不足，裝備破舊（基層警力配置失衡，難以因應民眾需求，警察素質未能有效提升，難以發揮應有效能）；疊床架屋，浪費資源（受理案件表格無法有效整合、簡化。程序繁雜，文書未能有效數位化）；設計不良，品質低落（績效掛帥取向，只管移送不問起訴，案件草草移送，偵辦品質低落）。 貳、職場意識方面：其原因不外為超時工作，休息不足（職務代理制度未能有效落實）；關說干擾，升遷難平（升遷的公平性遭質疑，關說情形的存在，人事主導權遭侵蝕，影響升遷公平）；主管好惡，勞逸不均（往往有工作能力者承辦繁重之業務，資歷較深者承辦功奬多之業務等不公平現象）；工作不滿，投訴無門（大多認為長官會官官相護，將大事化小、小事化無，且對申訴處理人員欠缺信任）。 參、家庭意識方面：其原因不外為工作繁忙，身心俱疲（員警多半因勤務時間過長，休息時間不足）；勤休不定，難得相處（員警認為休假未能正常，不利夫妻溝通，影響家庭和諧）。 本研究建議如下： 其歸結之重點不外為適時修法，速審速決（建議對於該等案件速審速 決，提高交保的條件，從嚴量刑）；提高位階，預算獨立（建議提高 警政署位階，有效整合資源並將預算回歸中央統一編列）；增加警 力，提升裝備（建議增加警力，適當配置至基層單位服務並注重素質 控管）；減少文書、業務，縮短工時（推行E化作業，建構無紙辦公 環境以提高工作效率與效能）；改善評比，檢討績效（減少各項專案， 避免影響正常勤務運作，造成員警彈性疲乏）；升遷公開，勞逸平均 （升遷公開透明，競爭公平，擇優遴選）；建立核心，業務明確（確 立「治安、交通、為民服務」為警察工作核心並致力於主管業務，摒 除協辦業務）；暢通員警申訴管道（定期舉辦員警座談會，傾聽員 警心聲，秉持公平公正，嚴禁秋後算帳）；加強溝通，和樂相處（建 議員警同仁勤餘、休假，多與家人相處，唯有和樂的家庭是專心工作 的基礎）。 / In the advent of economic downturn, in addition to employment rate staying high, maintaining the law and order for the society is getting worse daily. Therefore, the government has been consistently in proceeding to various measures of protecting the law and order as well as conducting projects in fighting back the crime organization. Nevertheless, from various polls indicated that the general populace views on the governmental efforts in “law and order” and “traffic” categories, still remained to be low and needed to be enhanced as result. The police force, no matter whether in maintaining law and order, directing traffic or processing the resolution of disputes for the general public, may need to go out of its way to assist other organizations in executing the authority from the mandate at large. Under the constant lack of police manpower, they must confront the choices of sacrificing the family life, even worse, personal health so as to protect the law and order as demanded. Work loads and personal well-beings in addition to family life are difficult to manage all at the same time. This is a given, still other encouragement measures without proper planning and supports or comprehensive welfare system, these would create tremendous strains on the police forces at work. Portions of the police force member are suffering family breakups, or go-out-on-the-limb, even committing suicides as well as conducting behaviors of breaking the law and order instead, these all are responsible of creating negative images to the general populace. This researcher has been involved with the leadership role at the basic level of police forces since college graduation, with experiences of frequent contact with local law and order enforcement personnel. Since the mission of police force can be attributed as under constant high pressurized situations, relatively speaking, this caused significantly different job orientations for policeman when reviewing the jobs that they occupy. Especially for those police works that require serving throughout night, with upside down lifestyle to say the least, the short and precious moment sharing with the family in addition to facing the job performance stress from work, this is very demanding. As consequence, under conditions of lack of quality in both the lifestyle and work, family problems and marital lives in addition to work characteristics are casting great impacts on policeman in regards to the work preferences. Therefore, to understand the policeman orientation in maintaining law and order, job environment and family consciousness, this research adopted survey query method in regards to law and order, job environment and family as three main items, as well as surveying the 136 questions in the questionnaire, so as to confirm that the recognitions from the persons under survey in regards to which measurement must be carried out as intended, and this measurement does carry great weight in maintaining the law and order in addition to the satisfaction levels for this very specific measurement. Moreover, after the survey is conducted, this research focused on the datum gathered and processed these datum with adopting the constructs of “ideal type” to proceed further qualitative analyses. Then it is inspected and reviewed in crisscross fashion through multi-variable methods, and adopted “Primary-secondary design” approach which is primarily relied upon the qualitative research and supplemented with quantitative approaches as the secondary. The findings of this research are as follow: 1. The aspects of law and order intention: The main causes are more or less centered at the area of slow court process as well as prosecuting the major crimes, which heavily impact the law and order (This research findings indicated that, the policeman acknowledged the judge would sentence the motorcyclist robbing the pedestrians with the least sentencing possible, in addition to easy suspect bailout with crime recommitting rate relatively high. These are all frustrating the policemen in suspect arrests.) Policemen are at the low level status in the organization, and constantly under the constraints imposed by others. (The policeman organization level is rather low in the overall organization chart, and this results with unable to perform the functions of carrying out the law and order policies in addition to coordinating with other departments in integration efforts.) Hopeless in getting promoted, difficult in obtaining the fighting will. (The local policemen can not be promoted through rank and files as high as the patrolling officer. Since it is hopeless in promotion, therefore they all are lack of fighting will as result.); Lack of police manpower, outdated equipments and supplies(The manpower deployment at local level of police force is out of balance, it is difficult to meet the general populace demand, in addition, the police quality can not be effectively enhanced so as to perform as demanded); Overlapping in the sense of organization, waste of resources(Can not effectively integrate, simplify the forms for filing cases. Complex and redundant procedures, the paperwork can not be effectively converted into digital format.); Poor design with low quality demand (Performance driven in a worst sense, only transferring the apprehended and not caring about the prosecution probability. The caseloads are rated as finished when the transferred were processed with low quality in police detection. ) 2. In the aspects of job environment consciousness: And the causes are no exception, like overwork, lack of rest. (The substitute staff system has not been effectively implemented as desired.) Outside interference in human resource decision caused upheavals (The fairness of promotion was questioned, the outside interference still existed. The human resource leadership has been eroded as such which impacted the fairness in promotion); Preferences from the superiors caused unfair assignments. (Often is the case that those with capabilities would have assigned with heavier responsibilities in operation, those with more experience and seniority would be assigned with tasks with more awards and recognitions. These are the phenomenon of unfairness. ); When unsatisfied with the job, there is no channel to vent the frustration of dissatisfaction.(Majority of the superiors would protect themselves which entails with minimizing the effect of not-doing-anything at all. In addition, they do not trust those who processed the petitions.) 3. In the aspect of family consciousness: The causes are almost belonged to heavy work loads, both the mind and body suffer. (The policemen are almost all work too hard with long hours and lack of adequate rest); Irregular work and vacation schedules, it is difficult to get along. (Policemen all acknowledged that, irregular vacation schedule caused husband and wife not be able to communicate, and impacting the harmony of the family.) This research recommends as follow: The summarized focal points can be law and regulation amendments, speedy trials and sentencing.(Recommending the speedy trial and sentencing for these cases, in addition to raise the bailout conditions with heavier sentencing.); Raise the level of status with independent budgeting.(Recommending raise the level of National Police Agency and effectively consolidate the resources in addition to budgeting fallback to central government jurisdiction); Increase police force strength, enhance and upgrade equipments and supplies(Recommending the increase of police force with adequately dispositions down to the local level units in addition to focus on the quality control); Cut down the paperwork, operations with shorter work hours.(Promote ○e operations, construct no-paper work environment so as to elevate work efficiency and effectiveness); Enhance items being criticized and review performance afterwards(Cut down each and every project work load to prevent impact to normal operation which entails with policemen overwork );Bring visibility to promotion and equalize work assignments(Since the promotion has visibility and transparency, the competition would be fair with the best qualified personnel chosen as result);Establish core values with specific operation assignment (Reaffirm “law and order, traffic and serve the people” as the cores for police work in addition to dedication to jurisdiction operations and stopping coordinated operations); Smooth the channels for dissatisfaction petitioning(Conduct scheduled forums for policemen, listen to their concerns with fairness and justice. Absolutely no payback action is allowed.); Enhance communications with pleasant getting-along. (Recommending the policemen spending more time with the family during off hours and vacations. Only the happy and pleasant family life can be the cornerstone for work dedication. )。

所長職務是責任也是榮譽，更是中堅幹部的一項重要資歷，然所長職務工作類別項目繁冗，要善盡職責扮演好所長角色，務必全神灌注全心投入。本研究為瞭解所長之職務範疇是否合宜合度、如何建立最佳工作方案，對職場意識、家庭關係之感觀為何。以台北縣政府警察局分駐派出所所長為研究對象，採用三角交叉檢視法(量化為主、質化為輔)，以派出所全體所長為研究對象實施問卷調查，共發出149份問卷，回收149份，有效回收率為100％。另在質化研究方面，採非隨機取樣擇12位所長進行深度訪談。 本研究發現如下： 一、工作壓力方面 (一)職務煩雜，容易坐立不安，苦惱多多難以入眠，於下班後十分疲憊且睡眠不足，難以早起。 (二)所長雖是歡喜做甘願受，但民眾有時對警察不夠尊重，媒體多著重負面案件報導，且少數民意代表干預行政、關說涉入。有賴抗壓力之提昇，方能勝任。 (三)所長界於基層同仁與上級長官之間，負責承上啟下並協調所內外各項勤業務活動。所長居中協調，耗費心力。 (四)各派出所普遍處於員額編制不足之情況，常常要透支警力完成專案性、突發性任務，壓力驟升。 二、工作滿足方面 (一)各項績效分配及任務分工，皆是以單位內員警數、轄區人口數、地區複雜度為基準，工作分擔尚合理有依據，大致覺得滿意。 (二)所長帶人帶心，兵隨將轉，營造各同仁間相互協助支援風氣，領導得宜，成就感高。 (三)所長職務責任雖重，但相對獎勵較多。所長職務有利自我生涯規劃，大多滿意於工作回饋。 (四)所長只要做好自身本分之事，不出員警風紀問題，上司就不會有額外的不當要求。 三、工作投入方面 (一)所長認為警察工作是一種良心事業，身在公門好修行，多能終身以工作為榮，大多全力以赴。 (二)所長幾乎以派出所為家，與同仁朝夕相處，念茲在茲，樂在工作。 四、在家庭生活方面 (一) 所長尚滿意目前的婚姻關係，溝通與互動狀況亦良好，然囿於工作性質，使得與家人相處時間少，夫妻聚少離多，有賴相互體諒。 (二) 所長多能著墨於親子教養，予以糾正、解決心理和行為上的問題。 五、對於職務範疇內各工作事項大多認為重要且滿意 （一）勤（業）之規劃、分配、派遣、管制是派出所所長的基本工作，也是所長領導統御的最初步作為。 （二）運用獎勵及鼓舞等方式，達成各項績效要求。化解歧見，講求紀律服從，將上級理念迅速正確地貫徹到基層端末。 （三）員警勤務紀律是工作之本，有紀律才會有效率。以受理報案、貫徹報告、勤務執行、裝備使用及服儀態度等為要求重點。 （四）所長必須利用各種集(機)會加強政風法令及案例教育宣導要求，提高員警知法守法信念，預防違紀情事發生。 （五）以「廉能公義健康活力」做為對「新警察」的描述或詮釋，不僅標示「新警察」的核心價值，也是實現共同努久的願景! （六）所長要強化危機處理、風險管理之智能，積極規劃相關緊急應變計畫，建立危機管理機制 （七）派出所是警政機關的第一線單位，責無旁貸應運用技巧進行探訪查證，妥適規劃勤務，分配任務積極查緝到案。 透過本研究的結果，並提出建議，包含上級清楚明訂主從關係，績效評比制度須再考量，重大事故非所長全能承受，做事尋求重點，落實代理制度， 風紀案件不宜未審先判，上級給予鼓勵主動關懷， 建立紓壓管道。 關鍵字：分駐(派出)所、職務範疇、職場意識、家庭關係