在真實網路中，一個節點或連結的損壞可能會造成網路大規模崩解，這現象亦出現在過去許多電力系統的大停電事件中。因此由網路的觀點對電力系統是否安全和穩定之研究一直是備受探討。在本論文中使用複雜網路方法對台灣電力網路進行脆弱性分析，並由攻擊者的角度使用多重攻擊策略探討網路脆弱性。 本論文中使用了拓樸性效率脆弱性(efficiency vulnerability)和四種連鎖性失效模型針對台灣電力網路進行分析，其中包含三種靜態負載的連鎖性失效模型(static load cascading failure model)和一種動態負載的連鎖性失效模型(dynamic load cascading failure model)，藉由這些不同觀點檢視台灣電力網路的脆弱性。 以上模擬皆為攻擊單一連結，但若以攻擊者的觀點，其可以同時對多個連結進行破壞，因此最後部分為如何有效對網路造成傷害的多重攻擊策略，我們應用此攻擊策略於隨機網路(random network)以及無尺度網路(scale-free network)測試其有效性，最後將此攻擊策略應用於台灣電力網路，並從結果中透露出台灣電力網路相當脆弱。

現實社會中，有時會發生大規模的停電事件，一經調查後才瞭解，只是因為一根電纜線、一根高壓電塔或是一個變電站故障導致，令人好奇電力系統的運作模式。因此藉由拓蹼網路的特性去研究電力系統的安全性及穩定性，一直受到人們的關注和討論。本篇論文利用動態負載去模擬現實中的電流，並藉由連鎖性失效的攻擊策略對於網路效率的影響，去判斷其網路的脆弱性分析。 本論文利用網路效率的(efficiency)影響來作為網路脆弱性(vulnerability)的分析，藉由在靜態負載中連鎖性失效的模型(static load cascading failure model)和動態負載中連鎖性失效的模型(dynamic load cascading failure model)來判斷及討論，其中動態負載為不同發電量及消耗量的狀況，藉此觀察台灣的電力網路系統在狀況下的結果。 此外以攻擊方來思考，單一攻擊、多重攻擊和策略性的多重攻擊的狀況底下，網路效率的變化，並將此運用在台灣電力網路系統上，發現台灣電力網路相當脆弱。 / In the real world, sometimes there will be black out (power shortage) happening in large scale areas. After investigating, we found out that it was cause by either a broken transmission line, a high-voltage tower or a substation. We are very interesting to know how the operation scheme of power system works. Therefore, we study the safety and the stability in power system by the characteristics of topology network. This subject is always concerned and discussed by the society. The thesis use dynamic load to simulate current in real world. We foc us effect on network efficiency by the strategy of cascading failure, analyze the vulnerability of network. The thesis use the variation of network efficiency as index to analyze network. According to determining and discussing by static load cascading failure model and dynamic load cascading failure model, dynamic load is the situation in different amount of generating and consumption of electrical energy. We used the data to observe the result of Taiwan power system under the situation. In addition to, changing of internet efficiency by single attack, multi-attack and strategic multi-attack in attacker method of thinking. We found that Taiwan power system is weak after we used the statistics on it.

這篇論文主要可以分成兩個部分。第一部分，我們整理了關於複雜網路的初步研討。最重要的特性有：小世界網路、無尺度度分布。並且介紹了三種模型：BA 模型、EBA模型，以及W-S small world model。接著對於一份實際的社會網路資料—台灣業餘桌球選手對戰網路，做網路的結構分析，試驗其是否具有上述的兩種特性。透過兩種可以模擬出無尺度度分布特性的模型：BA以及EBA模型。我們藉由這兩種模型模擬的結果，以及和競賽網路的比較，試者去闡述模型與理論間為何有些相似，卻又如此不同。並討論了賽制設計對於結構的影響。 在第二部分裡，我們回顧了一些對於網路的拓樸性效率以及可靠度效率的研討，並且討論了兩種不同負載定義下的連鎖故障行為。最後我們使用其中三種方法：拓樸性效率脆弱性、參與中間度(betweenness)過載引發的連鎖性故障行為，以及電力網路的動態電流變化造成的連鎖性故障，對於一個假想的電網做傳輸線的弱點排序。其中由動態電流過載(transient dynamic overload)造成的連鎖性故障可以視為一個簡化後的電力動態網路模型，藉由這三者間排序的不同，我們可以看到複雜網路分析以及基於電力網路傳輸特性所模擬的結果差異。 / This thesis can be divided into two parts. In the first part, we review some basic properties of the complex networks. The most important features are: small world networks and scale-free degree distribution. Then, we introduce three complex models : BA model, EBA model, and W-S small world model. Next, we analyze a real data—CTTC network to test if it has the features we have mentioned above. By the EBA and BA model simulations, we try to illustrate why there are some similarities between the simulations and real data, but they are still so different in most of aspects. In the second part, we review the definitions of the topology and reliable efficiency of a network structure. Next, we discuss two cascading failure model based on different definitions of load of a transmission line in a power grid. Finally, we use three different ways: topology efficiency vulnerability, cascading failure triggered by betweenness overload, and cascading failure triggered by the transient dynamics overload to test the vulnerability of edges in an assuming power grid. The cascading failure triggered by the transient dynamic overload can be viewed as a simplified power flow model. We sort the most vulnerable edges in three different ways. By this, we can observe the difference of the vulnerability analysis based on the complex network and the characteristic of the power transmission..