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調查權與治理機制 / Investigation Power and Governance Mechanism鄒筱涵 Unknown Date (has links)
國家原係為鞏固人民生命、身體、財產安全而存在,後為防止行政權力過度擴張,避免侵害人民權益,故有權力分立考量。在權力分立下,良善調查權往往是有效節制行政濫權、防止行政弊端的主要設計,本文以為立法院與監察院的調查權,正好扮演制衡及防弊的角色。此外,本文由治理觀點出發,主張調查權應與時俱進,隨著經濟發展,人民著重高階需求,調查權的核心價值,亦應由傳統的管制力朝向市場力及自律力為主要目的。是以,國會應結合調查權與代替人民參與政治之角色,讓調查權發揮市場監督功效,並順應多數民意需要;監察院的調查權,更應轉為積極保障人權的角色,甚至轉型為人權保障機關,以發揮積極保障人民權益功能。
本文共計六章,第一章緒論說明研究動機、目的、範圍、研究方法與限制。第二章界定調查權的內涵,由國家的存在導引出調查權的起源與目的,並將調查權劃分為制衡型調查權及防弊型調查權兩種,比較分析此二種調查權及各國作法。第三章說明我國調查權的憲政設計,包括立法院及監察院調查權,同時由歷次相關大法官解釋,說明權力分立下外部調查權爭議。第四章介紹各種治理理論,並綜整三種治理機制。第五章結合調查權與治理機制,探究調查權應予轉型,以符合人民需求。第六章提出本文的結論與建議。
本文並不涉入長久以來之三權或五權之爭,而以客觀中立的學術探討,試圖由國家成立的源頭探究調查權存在的意義與內涵,經由理論探討及比較各國作法,強調如何讓立法院及監察院的調查權發揮應有功能,降低管制成本,並達到提升政府效能、保障人民權益之最終目的。 / The purpose of a country is to strengthen and secure people’s life, body and property. However, to prevent people from abuse of the government, most country divided the government power into different section. The investigation power is therefore designed for restricting abuse of power and avoiding malpractice of the government. This research proposed that the investigation powers of the Legislative Yuan and the Control Yuan may each achieve the goal of preventing abuse and malpractice. In addition, this research introduced governance mechanism and stressed that the position of the investigation power shall transform from ruled by order and regulation into ruled by market and self compliance. The Legislative Yuan shall act for the people to monitor the conduct of the Executive Yuan, and the Control Yuan shall take more aggressive role to protect human rights.
There are six chapters in this dissertation. Chapter 1 included motivation, purpose, scope, methodology and restrictions of the research. Chapter 2 defined investigation power to the government and divided this power into check and balance power and anti-fraud power. Chapter 3 explained the investigation power to the government in our country and introduced the operation of this power in the Legislative Yuan and the Control Yuan. Chapter 4 illustrated the theory of governance and concluded three pillars of government governance: ruled by order and regulation, ruled by market and self compliance. Chapter 5 integrated investigation power and governance mechanism and discussed the transformation of the investigation power. Chapter 6 described the conclusion and suggestion of the research.
Regardless the argument of three or five power, this research discussed the context of the investigation power from the point of the existence of the country. After analyzing related theory and practices in different countries, this research focused on the way to strengthen the function of investigation power in the Legislative Yuan and the Control Yuan and suggested the aim to enhance government’s effectiveness and protect human’s rights.
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金融消費評議程序實務上重要問題之研究-以個案受理、調查及決定程序為中心 / Critical Issues on Financial Ombudsman Institution: Focus on Complaint Eligibility, Investigation and Determination Procedures林岫璁, Lin, Hsiu Tsung Unknown Date (has links)
2012年在金融風暴與連動債事件之影響下,我國設立金融消費者保護專法引入金融消費評議制度,並成立財團法人金融消費評議中心,為我國金融消費保護開啟濃墨重彩的全新篇章。在我國眾多現存的替代紛爭解決機制中,金融消費評議機制可謂是別具特色,特殊的組織、新穎的程序進行方式,有別於法院,亦有別於其他ADR組織。金融消費評議程序大致上仿自英國金融公評人制度,混合部分我國相關法令規則設計而成,而在這五年的運行當中,評議程序是否發生問題、是否完全合於我國法制、國情?此即本文所欲研究之方向。
對於現行評議制度之檢討,本文以評議實務上之重要問題出發,提出四大問題方向,分別是以評議「前端程序、受理程序、調查程序、糾紛解決效力」為核心。本文並以我國法釋義、立法歷程研究、案例研究、學者論述研究、比較法例研究,包括英國、新加坡、澳洲等國金融ADR制度為主要研究方法,對以上議題分析並提出個人的觀察與淺見。
研究結論上,本文得出幾點具體建議與觀察成果:1、應立法授權主管機關建立金融服務業標準化之內部申訴制度,以強化申訴制度之效率與明確性;2、對於小額評議案件改採強制調處制度,以加強前端程序糾紛解決能量;3、評議制度應明文採取強制管轄模式,揚棄現行曖昧不明之立法模式;4、修整現行評議案件不受理條文,刪除當事人不適格情形,將同時將並行評議與訴訟或其他ADR程序納入不受理事由,並新增彈性不受理條款供金評中心裁量運用;5、強化金評中心事證調查權限,將調查範圍擴大至申請人造,並使違反法律效果明確化;6、解釋上,成立後核定前評議決定應具有和解契約效力。此外,於申請人縮減請求額度成立評議決定情形,應允許其對於縮減後真實損害餘額繼續訴訟救濟。
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