本研究從「使用與滿足」理論，以警察廣播電臺為探討的對象，研究聽眾願意主動提供路況資訊的使用動機與滿足程度。 警察廣播電臺為公營廣播媒體，節目內容以治安交通等公共服務為主。警廣自1971年設立第一座交通專業電臺臺北臺，以電話接收聽眾提供路況；於1996年率先啟用智慧型電話系統，將全省免付費路況提供專線統一為0800000123，受理來自全省各地聽眾提供即時路況。近年來，路況報導為廣播閱聽眾收聽廣播的重要因素之一，且從幾次重大的意外災害發生後，警廣很快的從聽眾提供的資訊掌握災情，聽眾主動提供的資訊發揮了功能。 本研究以量化研究方式，採用問卷調查法。研究結果發現，聽眾願意主動提供路況的動機，分別為「分享參與」、「資訊守望」、「人際連絡」、「尋求解決困難的方法」以及「個人化需求」等五個構面。並且想知道即時的路況是聽眾收聽警廣最主要的動機。 關鍵詞：使用與滿足、主動的閱聽人、廣播、路況報導 / Radio Listener’s Media Use and Gratification－ Example of the Police Broadcasting Service Abstract This study employs 「uses and gratifications」theory to investigate motivations for actively providing road condition information and resulting gratification among listeners of Police Broadcasting Service. Police Broadcasting Service is a public radio station with program content chiefly comprising public service matters connected with law and order and transportation. Since it established Taiwan's first specialized traffic station—Taipei Station—in 1971, Police Broadcasting Service has received telephone reports of road conditions from listeners. The station launched the 0800000123 smart phone system—Taiwan's first—in 1996, to provide a Taiwan-wide toll-free road condition hotline to accept real-time road condition reports from listeners throughout Taiwan. In recent years, the station's road reports have become one of the most important factors causing the public to listen to the station. Furthermore, after several major accidents that occurred in the past, Police Broadcasting Service quickly gained a picture of the situation from information provided by listeners, showing that the voluntary provision of information by listeners is very effective. This study employed a quantitative research approach and used the questionnaire survey method. The study's findings indicated that listeners' motivations for actively providing road information included the five aspects of 「shared participation」, 「information watchman」, 「interpersonal contact」,「looking for means of solving problems」, and 「individual needs」. Furthermore, wishing to hear real-time road conditions constitutes listeners' chief motivation for listening to Police Broadcasting Service. Keywords: uses and gratifications、active audience、listeners、radio station、road condition report

許多國家正面臨因嚴重的交通壅塞所帶來龐大的經濟損失，同樣在台灣也面臨相同問題，根本解決之道就是找出壅塞路段，並即時地告知車輛駕駛以迴避此路段。因此如何有效率地偵測出壅塞路段，是當前重要的議題。以往大多透過長期所累積的統計數據，針對各路段收集行駛於該路段所有車輛的平均速度，來獲得該路段的交通狀況，但卻無法立即反應即時路況。 因此我們提出以耐延遲車載網路方式，收集路況資訊與彙整旅途時程，透過具有全球定位系統(GPS)以及無線網路的車輛來進行路況交通資訊的收整與交換。再透過本研究所提出路況交通覺知路由協定(RTARP)，以One-Hop Controlled Flooding的傳輸方式在節點與節點相遇時進行路況資訊的傳送，進而交換節點彼此間各自所存放各路段的路況資訊。 模擬實驗結果證明我們所提出的路由協定在路況交通資訊交換中，有效地減少網路傳輸負載、提高訊息送達成功率以及路況交通資訊(RTI)正確率。 / Many countries are concerning about the huge economic losses caused by the critical traffic congestion. We have the same problem in Taiwan. The solutions lie in finding the road section with traffic congestion first and informing drivers to avoid that section. But how to detect the road section with traffic congestion effectively is the most important issue of this research. Conventionally, the real-time road traffic is mostly predicted by long-term accumulated statistics calculated by the collection of the average speed of cars on the same road section. But this way can’t provide the real-time road traffic immediately. Based on vehicles with GPS and the capability of WiFi, we proposed gathering road traffic information and consolidating travel time estimation using vehicular delay tolerant networks. We also proposed the Road Traffic Awareness Routing Protocol (RTARP) to exchange the road traffic information preserved individually by One-Hop Controlled Flooding during nodes’ encounter. The results of simulations prove the routing protocol we proposed can effectively reduce the transmission overhead, improve the delivery ratio and the accuracy of the road traffic information.

本研究以警察廣播電臺台北臺為例，探討身為交通專業電台的警察廣播電台，在面對電視與其他廣播媒體，紛紛加入路況資訊提供的競爭下，是否仍具有其優勢？以因工作需要而必需長時間使用道路的計程車駕駛人為研究對象，探討大台北地區計程車駕駛人收聽警廣節目的主要目的為何？在什麼情況下容易轉台？節目內容與傳播設備等因素，是否也會影響計程車駕駛人的轉台意願？ 研究發現，收聽警廣台北臺節目的計程車駕駛人，只有兩種類型，一種為「計劃型」收聽，另一種則採取「再評估模式」。計程車駕駛人因警廣路況報導正確而收聽，但卻也會因為資訊不夠即時而轉台；收聽時間大多集中在上、下班的尖峰時間。最欣賞的節目主持人，則以「路況報得好、報得專業」最獲青睞，甚至有六成以上的計程車駕駛人會因為喜歡某個節目主持人，而固定收聽其節目；另外，聲音悅耳、節目多元豐富與音樂好聽與否，也是吸引計程車駕駛人是否繼續收聽的重要因素。除了路況資訊的獲得外，計程車駕駛人對於生活資訊的需求，遠高於新聞氣象、綜藝音樂及公共事務。至於車上有無其他音響設備，亦將影響計程車駕駛人的轉台行為。 / The purpose of this study is to determine whether the Police Radio Station (PRS), specifically the one in Taipei, is still necessary since television and many other forms of media provide the same service of traffic broadcasting. The research subjects for this study are Taipei taxi drivers who spend long hours on the road each day. Four questions form the basis of this study: 1. What is the main reason that taxi drivers listen to PRS? 2. Under what circumstances do they switch channels? 3. Does the content of the program affect their listening choices? 4. Does the type of broadcasting equipment affect their listening choices? The results indicate that there are two kinds of taxi drivers who listen to the programs of the PRS in Taipei. The first kind follows the "planning strategy" and the other kind follows the "re-evaluation strategy." Drivers listen to the PRS for its accuracy of traffic information; however, they will switch to another channel when there is a lack of substantial information being broadcast. Their listening time usually occurs during the rush hours, when they are getting on or getting off work. Drivers primarily prefer anchors whose information is "not only great but also professional." More than 60 percent of the drivers in this study report that they will continuously listen to one program if it is hosted by the anchor whom they favor. In addition, three other factors affect the drivers' listening habits: (1) the voice of the anchor, (2) the richness of the program content, and (3) the quality of the music being played. Besides traffic information, taxi drivers also need or desire to listen to information about other aspects of daily life, than (1) news and weather, (2) entertainment, and (3) public affairs. Finally, one other factor affects the listening behavior of taxi drivers: whether or not there is more than one form of listening device inside the car.