本文旨在探討現代漢語近義詞「買賣」、「交易」、「貿易」的異同，透過它們的搭配現象以及語意韻律的表現來進行討論。本文的語料來自「中央研究院漢語平衡語料庫」，根據搭配詞本身與「買賣」、「交易」、「貿易」的句法及語意關係來做為搭配詞的判斷，接著對於搭配詞的句法行為、語意功能以及框架要素再去做近一步的探討。 「買賣」、「交易」、「貿易」的前後搭配詞在句法上經常做名詞使用，在語意功能及框架要素方面，「買賣」及「交易」經常呈現交換者(exchanger)以及交換品(theme)兩個要素，「貿易」主要凸顯的是交換者(exchanger)。在語料裡，大部分的框架要素都呈現在前置搭配詞，主要有交換者(exchanger)、交換品(theme)、處所(location)、時間(time)、方式(manner)、頻率(frequency)；後置搭配詞有交換者(exchanger)、交換品(theme)、處所(location)、時間(time)、方式(manner)、頻率(frequency)、組織(organization)、條例(regulation)。在語意韻律方面，「買賣」及「交易」傾向和負面語意的前置搭配詞出現，而「貿易」則是有較多負面的後置搭配詞。透過共現行為及語意韻律的分析，本文系統性地呈現了「買賣」、「交易」、「貿易」的相似與相異處。 / This thesis explores three near-synonymous transaction words in Mandarin Chinese, maimai, jiaoyi, and maoyi. These three words are defined in a circular manner in the dictionary, and their meanings are not distinguishable. The present study aims to detect the similarities and differences among them via the examination of their collocational behaviors and semantic prosody. The data are extracted from Sinica Corpus, and the left-sided and right-sided collocates based on their syntactic and semantic relation to the node words are identified. Then, the collocated words are discussed in terms of their syntactic behaviors, semantic functions, and frame elements. The collocates of maimai, jiaoyi, and maoyi frequently function as nouns on both sides. The semantic functions and frame elements of both maimai and jiaoyi frequently express exchanger and theme in their instances, while for maoyi, exchanger and manner make up the majority of its frame elements. Most frame elements are profiled in the collocates. On the left side, there are exchanger, theme, location, time, manner and frequency. On the right side, there are exchanger, theme, location, time, manner, frequency, organization, and regulation. As for semantic prosody, most collocates are neutral. The left-sided collocates of maimai and jiaoyi tend to be negative words. Regarding the right-sided collocates, maoyi has more negative collocates than maimai and jiaoyi. With the collocational behaviors and semantic prosody analyzed, the study presents the similarities and differences of the three synonymous words in a systematic way.

「生命、生活」英文釋義均為「Life」，以英語為母語的外籍學生極易因母語干擾而產生使用偏誤，因此有必要進一步辨析此組詞彙。前人對於「生命」、「生活」的探究多止於字辭典討論，至今未有語料庫相關的研究，因此本文以語料庫為本（Chinese Gigaword 2，British National Corpus），分析語料庫中「生命」、「生活」與「Life」語料的語義關係。 本文首先彙整「生命」、「 生活 」與「Life」在華文及英文辭典中的詞義，探究其詞義之異同，再進一步分析及描述「生命」、「 生活 」與「Life」抽樣語料在語料庫中的分佈情形，包括語料詞頻、詞類及搭配共現等分佈情形。結果顯示，「生命」、「生活」與「Life」華英詞義無法完全對應，「Life」語料詞義頻率最高的三項詞義皆可與「生命」和「生活」詞義對應，但對應的不完全是「生命」及「生活」語料詞義頻率最高的三項詞義。「生命」與「生活」詞義的主要差異在於「生命」詞義趨向抽象，比喻能力較強，通常指向時間及強調對象。而「生活」詞義趨向具體，通常指向狀態及強調形式。本研究接下來使用語料庫「詞彙特性素描」功能觀察「生命」、「生活」與「Life」在語料庫中整體搭配共現的頻率與詞類分佈，以及使用「詞彙對照素描」功能觀察「生活」與「生命」搭配詞的「共現模式」及「唯一模式」。「Life」與「生命」及「生活」的搭配共現分佈相似但種類較少，主要反映在名詞上，英文與華文搭配詞的語義大多可對應。　 最後，本論文以問卷實驗進一步探討以英語為母語的外籍學習者對「生活」與「生命」的習得和偏誤狀況，然後對比外籍學習者與華語母語者的差異。結果顯示，外籍學習者對「生命」與「生活」確有混淆的狀況，但對「生活」的掌握比「生命」較為嫻熟，而且會因英語出現而影響對「生命」與「生活」語義的認知，對「生命」與「生活」常用搭配詞的掌握能力也遠較母語者低落。 本論文的貢獻在於以語料庫為本，對英譯同是「Life」的華文易混淆近義詞「生命」與「生活」的語義進行了多面向綜合探究，包括華英詞義對比分析、語料庫的分佈情形、詞彙搭配的分佈及分類等。此外，也以問卷實驗探討外籍學習者對「生命」與「生活」這組詞彙的習得與偏誤狀況，並且與華語母語者做出對比，整理出其差異之處。上述結果證實語料庫對於近義詞研究有積極的作用，亦對華語文近義詞教學提供了參考作用。 / The Mandarin of sheng1 ming4 and sheng1 huo2 are both translated as 'life' in English. The native English-speaking students who study Mandarin often err in selecting the appropriate Mandarin term for ‘life’ due to cross-language interference. Hence, a more in-depth analysis of these two terms is necessary. Previous research for sheng1 ming4 and sheng1 huo2 were carried out mostly through the use of dictionaries. None of the research was corpus-based and supplemented by questionnaire. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to analyse the semantically relationship between sheng1 ming4, sheng1 huo2 and 'life' based on the Chinese Gigaword2 and British National Corpus. This thesis begins by summarizing the meanings of sheng1 ming4, sheng1 huo2, and ‘life’ based on their definitions as provided by Mandarin and English dictionaries. This thesis then expounds on the similarities and differences among the three words, and further analyses and describes the distribution of sheng1 ming4, sheng1 huo2 and ‘life’ in the corpus, including the distributions of frequency, senses and collocation. The results show that semantic of ‘life’ could not completely correspond with sheng1 ming4 and sheng1 huo2, however, the top 3 of highest semantic frequency of ‘life’ could correspond with sheng1 ming4 and sheng1 huo2, but not vice versa, the top 3 of highest semantic frequency of sheng1 ming4 and sheng1 huo2 are not completely correspond. The main difference between sheng1 ming4 and sheng1 huo2 is that sheng1 ming4 is more abstractive, with stronger metaphor ability, commonly directed to time or specific subject; while sheng1 huo2 is more concrete, commonly directed to status or form. Furthermore, this thesis utilizes the ‘word sketch’ function and observes the ‘common pattern’ and the ‘only pattern’ of sheng1 ming4 and sheng1 huo2 by ‘sketch difference’. The distribution of the collocation of ‘life’, sheng1 ming4 and sheng1 huo2 is similar but with less variations, mostly reflected in noun, and the collocation of English is commonly correspond with the meaning of Mandarin collocation. Lastly, this thesis surveys the acquisition of sheng1 ming4 and sheng1 huo2 by foreign students who are native speakers of English, and compares how these students perform in the questionnaire tasks. The results show that foreign students are confusing by selecting sheng1 ming4 or sheng1 huo2, but better at mastering sheng1 huo2 than sheng1 ming4, and that their interpretation of sheng1 ming4 and sheng1 huo2 are commonly affected by their command of English. In addition, their command of collocation between sheng1 ming4 and sheng1 huo2 is much lower than that of Mandarin native speakers. The findings of this thesis is obtained through conducts comprehensive inquiry from multiple perspectives method: including the contrastive analysis of Mandarin-English meaning, distribution and differentiation of word collocation for the Mandarin near synonyms sheng1 ming4, sheng1 huo2 and ‘life’. Furthermore, to survey acquisition of foreign students with regard to sheng1 ming4 and sheng1 huo2 via questionnaire, and compare the differences with Mandarin native speakers. The differences are then summarized. The above-mentioned results support the positive effect of corpus when researching near synonyms and serves as a reference for the teaching of Mandarin near synonyms.