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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

概念型創新的動態擴散過程--複雜理論觀點

王美雅, Wang, Mei-ya Unknown Date (has links)
許多新概念或新技術的擴散通常不僅耗時甚長、擴散範圍十分廣泛,再加上社會網路在其中扮演了重要的角色,使得創新擴散本質上就屬於一種動態、非線性的複雜現象,事實上,近來研究發現,創新擴散的諸多特徵,包括「動態、非線性的複雜行為」,「正向回饋的自我組織現象」,以及「對初始狀態一些微小因素的敏感度」等,都與複雜理論中所強調「複雜系統」中的諸多特徵不謀而合。 另一方面,近來創新擴散研究逐漸將擴散視為一個創新者與採用者雙向互動的傳播過程,在擴散過程中,創新的演化與成員間的動態互動成為主要焦點。過去的擴散研究較少討論個體與總體層次間的結構化過程,亦即成員如何互動而產生系統層次的創新秩序,而系統層次的創新結果又如何進一步影響成員的互動,而複雜理論正好可以提供跨層次架構來回應此一理論缺口。 因此,本論文的研究問題包括以下兩者:一、由複雜理論觀點來看,概念型創新擴散的動態過程為何?二、由複雜觀點來看,在概念型創新的擴散過程中,相關因素如何影響創新擴散的動態過程?這些因素間存在何種互動與回饋關係?承上所述,本研究的範圍界定為「概念型創新」,在此「概念型創新」指的是近似於典範的一種具有複雜多元內涵的創新。 在研究方法上,本論文採用序列性多元方法的研究設計。利用歷史法、實驗法與個案法三種研究方法,針對相同的兩項問題,總共進行三項實證性研究,透過「質性方法--量化方法--質性方法」三種研究方法的截長補短,提高本研究的理論效度。 研究一利用歷史研究法對蒙特梭利教學法的擴散過程進行研究,將蒙特梭利教學法的擴散分為三階段,透過三階段成功、失敗與成功三種不同結果,發現不同的初始狀態變數情況,主要是再創造可能性與體制開放與自由度,將導致創新擴散的不同結果。研究二新概念擴散實驗進行兩階段實驗設計,操弄五項自變數進行重複多因子實驗,共取得二十八個實驗數據;比較不同變數情境與採用結果,除了驗證初始狀態變數對創新擴散的影響外,也發現自變數間存在明顯的交互關係。研究三進行蝴蝶蘭產業創新擴散個案研究,比較台糖進入蝴蝶蘭產業前後的創新擴散過程,以及蝴蝶蘭、嘉德利雅蘭,以及國蘭三種蘭屬的發展過程。隨著三項實證研究的進行,變數內涵逐漸豐富化,證據力也進一步強化。在研究三結束後得到修正後的觀念性架構,成為本論文的結論。 在結論部分,本研究有三大主張。首先,系統的初始狀態,包括創新導入者的網路位置、體制自由與開放性、再創造可能性、創新內涵豐富性、擴散誘因與採用人數等六項因素,將影響創新擴散成功的可能性。其次,創新擴散過程中包含許多的演化與正向回饋機制。最後,創新擴散是一個自我組織的過程,系統秩序從低一層次成員之間的互動自然突現,而非走向無序;但在自我組織過程中,秩序的出現有賴於中央協調機制(標準版本);同時系統需要不斷輸入的能源,使其維持在自我組織行為出現的臨界點之上,這些能源通常來自於新採用者所帶來的量與質的效果。 / This dissertation applies a new perspective, complexity theory, to discuss the diffusion of “conceptual innovation”. Here conceptual innovation indicates a paradigm-like innovation with various content. By using “metaphor”, I treat diffusion as a self-organization process, and adopted important concepts from complexity theory, such as initial conditions, positive feedback, and self-organization, and then develop a dynamic process model of innovation diffusion. In this dissertation, a multi-method research design is adopted. To draw on the strength of each and offset the weakness of the others, three empirical studies were conducted. First study, the pilot study of this dissertation, is concerning the diffusion process of Montessori method, in which the different result of three diffusion stages was compared. Second, a laboratory experimental study simulating diffusion process of a new concept has been conducted. In each experiment, a new concept was announced and counted the number of adopters. Each experiment has different scenario design that is one specific combination of all variables, and then the number of adopters was compared. Third, the diffusion process of Phalaenopsis (Moth Orchid) industrial innovations was studied, in which the development process of early/late stage and three category orchids was compared. This dissertation concludes with the following findings. First, innovation diffusion is a dynamic, nonlinear complex process; factors in initial conditions will influence the result of innovation diffusion. Secondly, evolution and positive feedback effects work continuously all through the diffusion process. Finally, diffusion of conceptual innovation is a self-organization process, which depends on energy injecting into the system continuously and the existence of central coordination mechanism in the system.

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