In the last two or three decades, corruption has become a noticeable issue in many countries, especially in developing countries where it has serious effects on the economy. In this paper, the effect of corruption on economic growth will be examined through literature and researches that involve the effect of corruption in economic growth followed by cross-sectional regression analysis to the issue. The focus will be on how much corruption and how much corruption control are present for each country. other different variables that could be expected to affect the economic growth for this period will also, be examined. To answer this question, corruption control as an independent variable while economic growth is the dependent variable will be examined. The second question would be to study corruption control as a dependent variable while using a set of variables as independent variables and see how much they would affect corruption control. Finally, a case study that draws a comparison between the economy in Germany and South Korea where the results from the empirical part will be applied to the two countries and the difference between the true reported numbers and the numbers from the OLS equations will be checked and explained.   From all the directions been taken to study the subject “literatures, empirical and case study “ the results showed that corruption activities have negative effects on economic growth and although it might be in some cases shown to be insignificant, however, it is very important to minimize the corruption activities by boosting variables such as corruption control, rule of law, stability and also education as it is shown that the more years of education will decrease the levels of corruption in some cases.   The conclusion here will be, although corruption may have more effects in some economies more than others, to combat corruption that will take a global effort. The countries that may not suffer greatly from it may be caught in the cost of cleaning it by having to support failed economies. Or worse, corruption may be increased to levels that it could not be ignored.

No description available.

Thesis (B.A.)--Haverford College, Dept. of Economics, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-133)

This research studies the effect of corruption on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in various industries. We use industry level data of US Investments abroad in 60 host countries from 1990 to 2002. We explore the questions of whether corruption is an impediment to FDI and if so, how does this effect translate to different industrial sectors. The main element of interest is to see whether the impact of corruption is uniform across all industries or whether corruption affects various sectors differently depending on the nature of the sector. We conduct our study using a panel data model and find that the industry response to corruption is actually dissimilar across our given set of industries, based on the nature of the industry. Furthermore, we divide our dataset into sub samples of Less Developed Countries (LDC) and Developed Countries (DC) using GDP per capita as our basis for the distinction. We find corruption to attract FDI in our group of DC. In the case of LDC, we find the impact of corruption on FDI to vary from industry to industry. / Graduation date: 2006

Résumé : La corruption n’est pas simplement un thème, dont la prégnance plus grande à l’époque de la guerre du Péloponnèse indiquerait un souci contemporain, antérieur et extérieur au fonctionnement des discours, elle est en outre une sorte de ferment discursif, dont le rôle dans la genèse de la tragédie, de la médecine, de la philosophie et de l’histoire en Grèce classique est significatif, voire essentiel. Pour ces quatre discours et leurs trois objets principaux — le corps, l’âme et la cité —, la corruption occupe une fonction séminale. La première partie de cette thèse, «La corruption au prisme de la tragédie et de la médecine», est dévolue au corps. La corruption y apparaît à la fois dans le méta-discours et dans le discours proprement dit, ce qui correspond à deux temps de notre analyse. Celle-ci se décline chaque fois sur un double cas de figure, soit pièces — les Trachiniennes et le Philoctète — soit problèmes médicaux — la maladie sacrée et l’avortement. Ce chapitre nous offre un premier angle sous lequel analyser la façon dont la corruption opère dans des discours en émergence, notamment par le brouillage et par le recours à la mise en spectacle. La seconde partie, consacrée à l’âme, comporte deux chapitres : le premier, «Socrate entaché : la corruption de la jeunesse», se penche sur la façon dont le philosophe peut corrompre autrui ; le second, «Le malaise d’Adimante : la corruption du naturel philosophe», sur la manière dont lui-même peut se corrompre dans une cité décrite comme malade. Il s’agit pour Platon dans les deux cas de déconstruire l’association de la philosophie et de la corruption afin d’établir fermement la discipline nouvelle. La troisième partie, «Thucydide, historien de la corruption», s’attache à dégager le rôle de la corruption dans la cité. On y voit que l’idée en est chez l’historien consubstantielle au domaine politique et plus particulièrement à la démocratie athénienne. Contre cette corruption politique, l’historiographie se constitue comme un espace dégagé des périls qui pèsent sur la cité : l’historien, comme le philosophe et le médecin, cherche à se poser comme le véritable incorruptible. Abstract: Corruption is not just a theme whose importance in the era of the Peloponnesian War indicates a contemporary anxiety, prior to and outside of the fuctioning of speech, it is also a kind of discursive ferment, whose role in the genesis of tragedy, medicine, philosophy and history in classical Greece is significant, even essential. For these four discourses and their three main objects (body, soul and city), corruption plays a seminal function. The first part of this dissertation, "La corruption au prisme de la tragédie et de la médecine", is devoted to the body. Corruption appears in both the meta-discourse and the discourse itself each of which we explore in turn. We analyse first two plays (the Trachiniae and the Philoctetes) and then two medical problems (the sacred disease and abortion or miscarriage). This chapter offers a first angle from which to analyze how corruption operates in the emerging discourses, especially through blurring categories and spectacularization. The second part, devoted to the soul, has two chapters: the first, "Socrate entaché : la corruption de la jeunesse" examines how the philosopher may corrupt others; the second "Le malaise d’Adimante : la corruption du naturel philosophe" shows how he himself can be corrupted in a city described as sick. What is at stake for Plato, in both cases, is to deconstruct the association between philosophy and corruption in order to firmly establish his new discipline. The third part, "Thucydide, historien de la corruption", seeks to identify the role of corruption in the city. It shows that, in the eyes of the historian, this idea is consubstantial with politics and especially with the Athenian democracy. Against this political corruption, historiography is constituted as an open space, free of the perils that the city is facing: the historian, like the philosopher and the physician, seeks to position himself as the true incorruptible.

This dissertation explores the relationship between fiscal decentralization and corruption. Theoretically, it is shown that decentralization has a potential to induce public officials to reduce the bribes they charge from entrepreneurs. That would encourage firms to enter the economy. Consistent with the theoretical model, we find empirical evidence that suggests that fiscal decentralization causes public officials to reduce the bribes they charge per firm; thus decentralization lowers the bribery cost to entrepreneurs. Empirical analysis is based on cross country study and panel data study where appropriate. Secondly, not all aspects of fiscal decentralization have an equal impact on corruption. Based on a cross state analysis, we find that states that decentralize revenue raising authority and give more revenue authority to local governments were perceived to be less corrupt. Cross state analysis is appealing because many of the political and institutional factors are held fixed. Overall, the findings suggest that fiscal decentralization can potentially help to control public corruption and create favorable conditions for the private sector. If revenue authorities are devolved to subnational levels, then the effect might be even greater. The effects of various aspects of decentralization on corruptibility of government and the quality of public office have not been tested before and are of great interest to policymakers. These finding are of great interest to developing and transition countries trying to control corruption.

Corruption is an important social and ethical problem / fight with it requires changes in values, norms and behavioral patterns of the society. This is usually a long and difficult process. Decades should pass to change deep values of a society. In the mean time, it is possible to combat corruption by changing incentive structures in the economy. If deep causes of the problem are analyzed carefully, a new system of governance can be established, such that, even most opportunist individuals do not find getting involved in corrupt practices profitable. Aim of this thesis is to examine characteristics of the system providing a fertile environment for corruption and to figure out factors stimulating corrupt transactions using game theoretical models. The first two models examine corruption as a kind of transaction between the briber and the bribee. In the models, it is shown that intermediaries sector occur from the profit maximization behavior of agents. This sector, by establishing long term, trust based relationships with bureaucrats, decreases risks occurring from the fact that the two parties involved in a corrupt transaction do not know each other perfectly. This sector, by reducing the likelihood of detection, serves corrupt transactions, and in return for the service it provided, takes commission, so gets benefit. Third model examines a strange type of corruption, a case of (spurious) middlemen obtaining bribe from the public service bureaucrats give, by pretending that he has influence on the acceptance or speed of it. The model tries to detect the characteristics of the environment making such a deception process persistent.

Résumé : La corruption n’est pas simplement un thème, dont la prégnance plus grande à l’époque de la guerre du Péloponnèse indiquerait un souci contemporain, antérieur et extérieur au fonctionnement des discours, elle est en outre une sorte de ferment discursif, dont le rôle dans la genèse de la tragédie, de la médecine, de la philosophie et de l’histoire en Grèce classique est significatif, voire essentiel. Pour ces quatre discours et leurs trois objets principaux — le corps, l’âme et la cité —, la corruption occupe une fonction séminale. La première partie de cette thèse, «La corruption au prisme de la tragédie et de la médecine», est dévolue au corps. La corruption y apparaît à la fois dans le méta-discours et dans le discours proprement dit, ce qui correspond à deux temps de notre analyse. Celle-ci se décline chaque fois sur un double cas de figure, soit pièces — les Trachiniennes et le Philoctète — soit problèmes médicaux — la maladie sacrée et l’avortement. Ce chapitre nous offre un premier angle sous lequel analyser la façon dont la corruption opère dans des discours en émergence, notamment par le brouillage et par le recours à la mise en spectacle. La seconde partie, consacrée à l’âme, comporte deux chapitres : le premier, «Socrate entaché : la corruption de la jeunesse», se penche sur la façon dont le philosophe peut corrompre autrui ; le second, «Le malaise d’Adimante : la corruption du naturel philosophe», sur la manière dont lui-même peut se corrompre dans une cité décrite comme malade. Il s’agit pour Platon dans les deux cas de déconstruire l’association de la philosophie et de la corruption afin d’établir fermement la discipline nouvelle. La troisième partie, «Thucydide, historien de la corruption», s’attache à dégager le rôle de la corruption dans la cité. On y voit que l’idée en est chez l’historien consubstantielle au domaine politique et plus particulièrement à la démocratie athénienne. Contre cette corruption politique, l’historiographie se constitue comme un espace dégagé des périls qui pèsent sur la cité : l’historien, comme le philosophe et le médecin, cherche à se poser comme le véritable incorruptible. Abstract: Corruption is not just a theme whose importance in the era of the Peloponnesian War indicates a contemporary anxiety, prior to and outside of the fuctioning of speech, it is also a kind of discursive ferment, whose role in the genesis of tragedy, medicine, philosophy and history in classical Greece is significant, even essential. For these four discourses and their three main objects (body, soul and city), corruption plays a seminal function. The first part of this dissertation, "La corruption au prisme de la tragédie et de la médecine", is devoted to the body. Corruption appears in both the meta-discourse and the discourse itself each of which we explore in turn. We analyse first two plays (the Trachiniae and the Philoctetes) and then two medical problems (the sacred disease and abortion or miscarriage). This chapter offers a first angle from which to analyze how corruption operates in the emerging discourses, especially through blurring categories and spectacularization. The second part, devoted to the soul, has two chapters: the first, "Socrate entaché : la corruption de la jeunesse" examines how the philosopher may corrupt others; the second "Le malaise d’Adimante : la corruption du naturel philosophe" shows how he himself can be corrupted in a city described as sick. What is at stake for Plato, in both cases, is to deconstruct the association between philosophy and corruption in order to firmly establish his new discipline. The third part, "Thucydide, historien de la corruption", seeks to identify the role of corruption in the city. It shows that, in the eyes of the historian, this idea is consubstantial with politics and especially with the Athenian democracy. Against this political corruption, historiography is constituted as an open space, free of the perils that the city is facing: the historian, like the philosopher and the physician, seeks to position himself as the true incorruptible.

This essay examines the behavior of tax evasion and bribery and the result of interaction among taxpayers, tax auditors and juridical officials. This study is based on the established theory of Jean Hindriks, Michael Keen and Abhinay Muthoo(1999), and focuses on the opposing relationship between taxpayers and tax auditors. If taxpayers report their income untruthfully and are discovered by tax auditors, they might offer bribe to cover the illegal conduct. It¡¦s also a temptation to tax auditors. Then it leads to a cycle of bribery. The analysis is based on a finite dynamic game. It explores further the situation where auditors abuse the administrative authority to extort bribe from unlawful taxpayers. It discusses the strategic and colluding relationship between auditors and taxpayers. The main discovery of the analysis is as follows. Tax evasion is not only an illegal but also criminal act. Besides, tax evasion and corruption coexist. If taxpayers are found bribery for tax evasion and that means tax auditors have committed corruption. The best effective way to prevent corruption is to increase penalty for tax evasion. Taxpayers should be educated if they commit tax evasion, they will be imposed both taxation and penalty. If there is no bribe, the corruption of tax auditors will decrease. On the other hand, it is also necessary to make severer punishment for corruption so that auditors will dare not to receive the bribe. During the process of taxation, auditors are delegated sufficient administrative authority. After declaring income tax, the actual amount of personal taxation depends on the check report auditors hand in. Therefore, in order to prevent tax evasion and corruption, we should make more severe punishment for unlawful auditors and taxpayers. In conclusion, the main reason for tax evasion is that auditors abuse the authority and cover up the illegality. Therefore, the most direct and effective method of decreasing corruption is to increase penalty for the act of tax evasion.