No description available.

CMYA5 is a candidate gene for schizophrenia because of the association of variant rs10043986 (Pro4063Leu). Studies of CMYA5 and its gene product, myospryn, in brain and neuronal cells have not been previously reported. We examined the neuronal expression of myospryn and its binding partner, desmin intermediate filament (IF), and investigated the difference in binding and colocalization of the two alleles of myospryn to IFs. Myospryn and desmin are expressed in brain regions. Using yeast two-hybrid and surface plasmon resonance, the T allele (Leu) is found to have higher binding affinity to desmin than the C allele (Pro). Myospryn localizes to the cytoplasm and nucleus and is weakly to moderately colocalized with desmin in myoblast, neuroblastoma, and glioblastoma cell lines. Peripherin and vimentin, brain-related IFs, have similar degrees of colocalization. rs10043986 does not affect the colocalization of myospryn to IFs, but it affects the colocalization of myospryn to F-actin Dysbindin, another schizophrenia candidate gene, is found to weakly colocalize with myospryn in myoblast, neuroblastoma, and glioblastoma cell lines. The expression of myospryn in the brain suggests functions that are relevant to schizophrenia. rs10043968 is a functional variant that results in differential binding of myospryn to desmin. We hypothesize that the interaction between myospryn to IFs provides structural support and efficient rearrangement of the cytoskeleton network during early neuritogenesis. Myospryn might also be involved in intracellular trafficking affecting synaptic function through dysbindin in conjunction with the BLOC-1 complex and IFs. Myospryn might also play important roles in neurotransmission based on a literature search of its binding partners PKA, calcineurin, and α-actinin.

Recent clinical studies of schizophrenia have been aimed at clarifying the nature of the relationship that has existed between the schizophrenic patient and other members of his family. The majority of these investigations have focused upon the mother-son relationship, and the experiment to be described represents an extension of this area of study. Specifically, the present investigation was an attempt to observe the extent to which schizophrenic patients would conform to the preferences expressed by mothers who possess some of the attributes reported to characterize mothers of Poor pre-morbid (Phillips, 1953) schizophrenic patients. These attributes, it was hoped, would serve as relevant cues foreliciting conformity responses in such patients. / This thesis was digitized as part of a project begun in 2014 to increase the number of Duke psychology theses available online. The digitization project was spearheaded by Ciara Healy.

No description available.

論文(碩士)--香港中文大學硏究院社會工作學部,1994. / 參考文獻: leaves 1-21(2nd group) / 梁夢熊. / 致謝 / 撮要 / Chapter 第一章： --- 緖論 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二章： --- 精神分裂症的家庭研究 --- p.5 / Chapter 第三章： --- 本研究各種概念的文献探討 --- p.16 / Chapter 第四章： --- 假設及名詞解釋 --- p.49 / Chapter 第五章： --- 研究方法 --- p.63 / Chapter 第六章： --- 研究结果 --- p.73 / Chapter 第七章： --- 討諭 --- p.125 / Chapter 第八章: --- 结論 --- p.147 / Chapter 第九章： --- 建議 --- p.154 / 參考文献 / 附錄A:中文問卷 / 附錄B ：英文問卷

by Sun Yu-kit, Stephen. / Includes questionaries in Chinese. / Thesis (M.S.W.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-168). / CHAPTER PAGE / Chapter ONE --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter TWO --- REVIEW OF LITERATURE --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1 --- Schizophrenia --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2 --- The study of family burden --- p.10 / Chapter 2.3 --- Family functioning --- p.20 / Chapter 2.4 --- Caring burden and family functioning --- p.30 / Chapter 2.5 --- Social support --- p.33 / Chapter THREE --- CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY --- p.46 / Chapter 3.1 --- Scope of the Study --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2 --- Conceptual framework and definitions of variables --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3 --- Hypotheses of the Study --- p.57 / Chapter FOUR --- DESIGN OF THE STUDY --- p.59 / Chapter 4.1 --- The research design and sampling method --- p.59 / Chapter 4.2 --- Measuring instrument --- p.61 / Chapter 4.3 --- Method of data collection --- p.70 / Chapter 4.4 --- Method of data analysis --- p.71 / Chapter FIVE --- RESULTS --- p.72 / Chapter 5.1 --- Psychometric properties of the scales --- p.72 / Chapter 5.2 --- Demographic characteristics of the respondents --- p.79 / Chapter 5.3 --- "Descriptive findings of family functioning, objective burden, subjective burden, and social support" --- p.83 / Chapter 5.4 --- "Relationships among demographic characteristics, family functioning, objective burden, subjective burden, and social support" --- p.96 / Chapter 5.5 --- "Relationships among family functioning, objective burden, subjective burden, and social support" --- p.105 / Chapter 5.6 --- "Inter-relationships among objective burden, subjective burden, social support, and family functioning" --- p.111 / Chapter SIX --- DISCUSSION --- p.121 / Chapter 6.1 --- Discussion on methodology of the Study --- p.121 / Chapter 6.2 --- Discussion on the results of the findings --- p.123 / Chapter SEVEN --- CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.142 / Chapter 7.1 --- Recommendations for clinical practice --- p.143 / Chapter 7.2 --- Concluding remark for recommendations --- p.147 / Reference --- p.152 / Appendix 1: Reliability and Item-Total Correlation of Family Assessment Device (FAD) --- p.169 / Appendix 2: Correlation Coefficients among the Sub-scales of Family Assessment Device (FAD) --- p.170 / Appendix 3: The Mean and Standard Deviation of the Family Assessment Device (FAD) --- p.171 / Appendix 4: Reliability and Item-Total Correlation of Objective Burden Scale(OB) --- p.173 / Appendix 5: Correlation Coefficients among the Sub-scales of Objective Burden (OB) --- p.173 / Appendix 6: The Mean and Standard Deviation of the Objective Burden Scale (OB) --- p.174 / Appendix 7: Reliability and Item-Total Correlation of Subjective Burden Scale(OB) --- p.175 / Appendix 8: Correlation Coefficients among the Sub-scales of Subjective Burden (OB) --- p.175 / Appendix 9: The Mean and Standard Deviation of the Subjective Burden Scale (OB) --- p.176 / Appendix 10: Reliability and Item-Total Correlation of Social Support Scale(SS) --- p.177 / Appendix 11: Correlation Coefficients among the Sub-scales of Social Support (SS) --- p.177 / Appendix 12: The Mean and Standard Deviation of the Social Support Scale (SS) --- p.178 / "Appendix 13: Multiple Regression using Objective Burden, Subjective Burden and Demographic Data to Predict Family Functioning" --- p.179 / Appendix 14: Multiple Regression using Objective Burden and Demographic Data to Predict Subjective Burden --- p.179 / Appendix 15: Questionnaire (Chinese Version) --- p.180 / Appendix 16: Questionnaire (English Version) --- p.188

BACKGROUND: Abnormalities in glutamate transmission have been implicated in schizophrenia (SZ). A genome-wide association study (GWAS) associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in glutamate-related genes with the disorder. To elucidate a pathologic role of these variants, this study aims to examine the effects of these SNPs on hippocampal volume. METHOD: Six SNPs from five glutamate-related genes identified by the Psychiatric Genetics Consortium were selected in 279 controls and 284 probands recruited from the B-SNIP study. Hippocampal subfield volumes were extracted from T1 weighted images via the MAGeT pipeline. A mixed model analysis was conducted using SPSS to evaluate a diagnosis by SNP effect on volumes, with site as a random factor, age, sex, and principal component analysis values as fixed factors. P values were adjusted for multiple corrections. RESULTS: rs10520163 (CLCN3), rs2973155 (GRIA1), and rs9922678 (GRIN2A) displayed a significant main effect (p< .01) on bilateral total hippocampal volume. Post hoc comparison revealed individuals homozygous for the risk allele (HZ-Risk) had significantly smaller volumes than those who were homozygous for the non-risk allele (HZ-NoRisk) (p<.01). For the same SNPs, a significant diagnosis-by-genotype interaction (p<.01) was found for bilateral total hippocampal volume. Significant main effects (p<.01) for the same SNPs were found in subfield volumes bilaterally for the CA1, subiculum, and stratum, with HZ-Risk having smaller volumes. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest CLCN3, GRIA1, and GRIN2A appear to be associated with reductions in bilateral hippocampal total volume and subfield regions, indicating a potential mechanism by which these genes may confer risk for the disorder. / 2019-07-03T00:00:00Z

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex, chronic disease, associated with potentially devastating complications. The DM-complication rate may be increased among people with schizophrenia. This study evaluated the relationship between schizophrenia and risk of preventable, acute DM-complications. Using administrative data, a retrospective study assessed acute DM complications (emergency department visits or hospitalization for hypo- or hyperglycemia, and hospital admissions for infections) among Ontario residents ages 18-50 with schizophrenia and newly diagnosed DM between 1995 and 2005, comparing people with and without pre-existing schizophrenia. People with schizophrenia had a 74% greater risk of requiring a hospital visit for hypo- or hyperglycemia (HR =1.74, 95% CI 1.42-2.12) compared to those without. The risk was similar when the outcome included infection (HR=1.62, 95% CI 1.39-1.89). Outcomes remained significant after adjustment for baseline characteristics. Understanding this relationship will direct future studies assessing barriers to care, and implementation of individualized approaches to care for this population.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex, chronic disease, associated with potentially devastating complications. The DM-complication rate may be increased among people with schizophrenia. This study evaluated the relationship between schizophrenia and risk of preventable, acute DM-complications. Using administrative data, a retrospective study assessed acute DM complications (emergency department visits or hospitalization for hypo- or hyperglycemia, and hospital admissions for infections) among Ontario residents ages 18-50 with schizophrenia and newly diagnosed DM between 1995 and 2005, comparing people with and without pre-existing schizophrenia. People with schizophrenia had a 74% greater risk of requiring a hospital visit for hypo- or hyperglycemia (HR =1.74, 95% CI 1.42-2.12) compared to those without. The risk was similar when the outcome included infection (HR=1.62, 95% CI 1.39-1.89). Outcomes remained significant after adjustment for baseline characteristics. Understanding this relationship will direct future studies assessing barriers to care, and implementation of individualized approaches to care for this population.

Thesis (M.A.) - Simon Fraser University, 2005. / Theses (Dept. of Psychology) / Simon Fraser University. Includes bibliographical references :leaves 31-58. Also issued in digital format and available on the World Wide Web.