Cette etude analyse Ie reportage franc;ais sur Ie developpement du processus de paix en Irlande du Nord du deuxieme cessez-Ie-feu de I'IRA en juillet 1997 jusqu'a 2005. Le travail se concentre sur cinq quotidiens nationaux et quatre hebdomadaires ainsi que Ie reportage de la revue Esprit et Ie mensuel Le Monde Diplomatique. L'objectif de ce travail est d'evaluer dans quelle mesure la presse franc;aise a modifie son interpretation de la position des hommes politiques, des groupes paramilitaires et des relations intercommunautaires pendant cette periode.Pour la presse franc;aise en 1997, Ie cessez-Ie-feu de I'IRA represente I'espoir pour une communaute lasse de trente ans de conflit. L'interpretation de la presse est essentiellement pro-republicaine.

As museum exhibition design becomes technically complex and design teams more specialised and fragmented, the need to plan, co-ordinate and increase the quality of the design process is becoming more important. According to a preliminary analysis of science museums, multi-disciplinary, targeted, technology-based exhibits are replacing traditional object based displays; therefore, a specifically multi-disciplinary model is necessary to develop a workable museum exhibitiond design process (MEDP) model. This research explores the theoryo of design processes and museum exhibitions as a means of developing an MEDP model and takes a comprehensive look at how design process models are currently used in developing museum exhibitions. It aims at establishin ga process model specifically for inter-disciplinary exhibition design work in science museums, which is theory-base and can be used as a prescriptive design aid to enhance the effective use of design information. Research methods comprise an exploratory study of literature and collected data, the development of surveys and case studies and their analysis in terms of MEDP methodology. The research examines theoretical (architectural, product and exhibition) models and develops a small number of case studies showing how design concepts are managed in real-world practice. A live case 'The Discovery Centre at Millennium Point' was used to observe two exhibition design projects in progress and to provide an overview of practical processs in design development. In addition, other case studies of `completed' museum exhibition design projects were developed by physical site surveys, questionnaires and interviews. The MEDP model is constructed from data flow diagrams generically representing the tasks involved and the associated information flows in a consistent manner and was evaluated for its concept development capability by designers and curators. Future development is also considered in relation to museology, design management and project management.

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This thesis examines the development and implementation of media control in France during the First World War. First it describes the evolution of the press control system between 1914 and 1916 and outlines its bureaucratic framework. The study then analyses the extent to which censorship of the press was useful in helping the French government achieve its aims during the particularly turbulent years of 1917 and 1918. The chapters are set out chronologically and contain sections that examine the role of censorship on a case by case basis. The last two years of the war have been chosen for special examination in this thesis because in 1917 and 1918 France’s war effort was increasingly strained simultaneously by both internal and external events. In 1917 France was threatened with rising war weariness, coinciding with the failed Nivelle Offensive, mutinies at the front and international calls for a negotiated peace settlement. In 1918, as Clemenceau began to rally the nation, France faced its most crucial enemy attack since the Marne in 1914. Most of the thesis focuses on censorship of newspapers in Paris. These papers not only had far larger ciculations than their provincial counterparts but often were read in the provinces more than were local papers. Finally by following a few papers specifically through these two years, it is possible to see the evolution of the way in which papers on the left, right and centre were monitored by the government. This thesis argues that France’s censorship system, while not perfect was effective in achieving the aims set out as its goals in 1914 by the War Ministry: to keep military secrets from the enemy and to help maintain public order.

by Gabriel R. Bitran and Thomas L. Magnanti. / "8-189-78" "Several results from this paper were presented in less general form at the National ORSA/TIMS meeting, Chicago, May 1975." "This paper is a revision of core discussion paper #7716, June 1977." / Bibliography: p. 54-58. / Supported in part by the U.S. Army Research Office contract no. DAAG29-76-C-0064 Supported in part by the Office of Naval Research contract. N00014-75-C-0556

Les relations entre socialistes et enseignants sont à la fois marquées par une grande proximité et la crise entraînée par les tensions entre les deux champs entre 1997 et 2000. Les rapports entre ce milieu professionnel et ce courant politique sont supposés étroits. Pourtant, peu d’études ont été faites. La thèse propose une analyse des rapports entre le Parti socialiste et la Fédération de l’éducation nationale. Elle propose une analyse multidisciplinaire sur les interactions entre ces deux organisations, du congrès du PS à Epinay en 1971 à l’éclatement de la FEN en 1992. / Teachers and socialists had experienced, in contemporary France, a traditional alliance but also a major crisis under the left-wing government of 1997-2002. These interactions are supposed to be intense, but have entailed few scientific studies. This PhD paper focuses on a specific aspect of this relation, the partnership between the Parti socialiste and the Fédération de l’éducation nationale (the leading teacher union in France from 1946 to 1992. It studies on the interactions linking those organizations, from the socialist congress at Epinay in 1971 to the scission of the FEN in 1992.

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