The Manaqib al-`Arifin is a series of hagiographic biographies of the first Mevlevi masters. It was written in Persian by the dervish Eflaki in the first half of the fourteenth century in Konya. Because of the limited number of narrative sources from that period, Eflaki appears as an outstanding witness of the late Seldjuk, Ilkhanid, and early Beylik period in Anatolia. / This thesis intends to evaluate the Manaqib al-`Arifin as a source for political history. While previous historical scholarship has made frequent use of this source for isolated episodes, barely any systematic study of the Manaqib has been published yet. / The evaluation presented in this thesis results from a comparison between every element of information that can be considered "political" in the Manaqib al-`Arifin and current scholarship on the respective topic. These elements of information fall into four broad categories: The Seldjuk of Anatolia, the akhi organization, the Ilkhan state, and the beylik states. / The most part of this thesis consists in an exhaustive enumeration of the elements of political history that could be found in the Manaqib. In turn, these elements set the tone of the global conclusion of the inquiry, that is to say that the Manaqib al-`Arifin, without being a revolutionary source, offers information which is often original and which, under certain conditions, can prove highly reliable.

This dissertation offers a study of the fifteenth century French polemical treatises written by authors such as Jean de Montreuil, Jean Juvénal des Ursins, Noël de Fribois and Robert Blondel, together with an edition of perhaps the most important of these works, Pour ce que plusieurs (1464). This treatise may have been written by Guillaume Cousinot II, who had been personally involved in the events surrounding the attack upon Fougères in 1449, a subject addressed in highly partial terms by this text; moreover, Cousinot had visited the Lancastrians in exile in Scotland, which might explain how Sir John Fortescue was able to learn of Jean Juvénal's Tres crestien, tres hault, tres puissant roy (1446), and how Pource que plusieurs in turn drew upon the pamphlets of Fortescue. The polemical texts went beyond moral and chivalric discussion of the war, to address the complex legal and historical issues underpinning the conflict. In response to the English claim to the French throne, Jean de Montreuil adopted the Salic Law, a highly dubious and problematic authority, but one that achieved great fame particularly through the influence of Pour ce que plusieurs. Similarly, the polemical writers rejected English demands for Aquitaine and Normandy in full sovereignty by arguing that no French king could alienate the sovereign rights of the crown. In the sixteenth century, both of these principles were elevated to the status of Fundamental Laws. These texts were not intended to serve as propaganda, but were generally produced by royal officials to serve as manuals for their fellow administrators and diplomats, and perhaps also for the king and other members of the court involved in negotiations with the English. Only in exceptional circumstances were such works disseminated beyond the narrow circles of the government and court, though royal officials did draw upon them when speaking at public assemblies.

Thesis (doctoral)--Ecole des hautes études en sciences sociales, 1995. / Cover title. Includes bibliographical references (p. 527-554) and index.

Th.--Lettres--Paris, 1936.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-01T13:10:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-10-08. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-07-01T13:14:14Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000866256.pdf: 1403181 bytes, checksum: 959e6ee8dc896b21bfdfa10648bd51c3 (MD5) / Até o início do século XIV, a escrita cronística esteve, na Inglaterra, predominantemente sob a responsabilidade das casas religiosas. A partir desse século, entretanto, o domínio da escrita deixa de estar apenas sob domínio dos scriptoria monacais e a pena passa lentamente também para a mão de indivíduos ligados ao mundo laico. Nessa altura, é possível notar certo deslocamento na forma de se fazer a história, pois as preocupações desses homens ligados ao poder laico trazem ao centro da história escrita um tema que se sobrepõe a todos os outros: a guerra, nomeadamente aquela contra escoceses e franceses. Se antes o maravilhoso e as ações divinas entremeavam tais narrativas, os temas que passam a predominar são aqueles ligados à organização e à realização das atividades bélicas, bem como à atuação da nobreza. Assim, a pesquisa inquire tanto sobre os mecanismos empregados pelos cronistas na tentativa de garantir a credibilidade de seus relatos quanto acerca das funções que a escrita cronística trecentista desempenhou para a nobiliarquia contemporânea, cujas ações descreveu. Tendo em vista esses objetivos, foram tomadas como objetos de análise as crônicas de cunho secular compostas por Geoffrey le Baker, Jean le Bel e Thomas Gray, homens sem aparente contato entre si mas que partilharam concepções e ideais sobre a conduta e as finalidades guerreiras. Quando cotejadas entre si e com outros documentos coetâneos, as crônicas, entretanto, não apenas tratam da guerra, mas a partir dela oferecem um quadro daquilo que merecia memória no reino da Inglaterra nos primeiros tempos da Guerra dos Cem Anos / Until the beginning of fourteeth century, chronicle writing in England prevailed under the responsability of religious houses. From this century onwards, however, the ability of writing leaves off the monastic scriptoria, and the handling of the feather will be slowly shared with individuals belonging to the lay world. At this point, it is possible to observe the shifting in the ways of writing history, as the preoccupations of men linked to the lay power bring into the center of the written history a theme that overlaps all others: war, namely that fought against Frenchmen and Scots. If the marvellous and divine actions interspersed such narratives, now the prevailing issues are those concerned to organization and effective action in warfare, taking into consideration the performance of noblemen in both moments. Therefor, this research inquires not only about the mechanisms employed by chroniclers in the attempt to ensure trustworthiness to their reports, but in like manner the diverse roles fourteenth-century chronicle writing played to the contemporary nobility, whose actions were portrayed by them. Bearing in mind such goals, we analyzed lay chronicles composed by Geoffrey le Baker, Jean le Bel and Thomas Gray, men apparently without any proximity, but who shared designs and ideals about both warrior behavior and their practices. When those chronicles are collated among themselves and altogher with other contemporary documents, they do not cover war by itself, as from their perspective of the conflict they offer a wider view of what deserved to be remembered in the kingdom of England in the first phases of the Hundred Years War

Orientador: Susani Silveira Lemos França / Banca: Maria Cristina Correia Leandro Pereira / Banca: Adriana Maria de Souza Zierer / Resumo: Até o início do século XIV, a escrita cronística esteve, na Inglaterra, predominantemente sob a responsabilidade das casas religiosas. A partir desse século, entretanto, o domínio da escrita deixa de estar apenas sob domínio dos scriptoria monacais e a pena passa lentamente também para a mão de indivíduos ligados ao mundo laico. Nessa altura, é possível notar certo deslocamento na forma de se fazer a história, pois as preocupações desses homens ligados ao poder laico trazem ao centro da história escrita um tema que se sobrepõe a todos os outros: a guerra, nomeadamente aquela contra escoceses e franceses. Se antes o maravilhoso e as ações divinas entremeavam tais narrativas, os temas que passam a predominar são aqueles ligados à organização e à realização das atividades bélicas, bem como à atuação da nobreza. Assim, a pesquisa inquire tanto sobre os mecanismos empregados pelos cronistas na tentativa de garantir a credibilidade de seus relatos quanto acerca das funções que a escrita cronística trecentista desempenhou para a nobiliarquia contemporânea, cujas ações descreveu. Tendo em vista esses objetivos, foram tomadas como objetos de análise as crônicas de cunho secular compostas por Geoffrey le Baker, Jean le Bel e Thomas Gray, homens sem aparente contato entre si mas que partilharam concepções e ideais sobre a conduta e as finalidades guerreiras. Quando cotejadas entre si e com outros documentos coetâneos, as crônicas, entretanto, não apenas tratam da guerra, mas a partir dela oferecem um quadro daquilo que merecia memória no reino da Inglaterra nos primeiros tempos da Guerra dos Cem Anos / Abstract: Until the beginning of fourteeth century, chronicle writing in England prevailed under the responsability of religious houses. From this century onwards, however, the ability of writing leaves off the monastic scriptoria, and the handling of the feather will be slowly shared with individuals belonging to the lay world. At this point, it is possible to observe the shifting in the ways of writing history, as the preoccupations of men linked to the lay power bring into the center of the written history a theme that overlaps all others: war, namely that fought against Frenchmen and Scots. If the marvellous and divine actions interspersed such narratives, now the prevailing issues are those concerned to organization and effective action in warfare, taking into consideration the performance of noblemen in both moments. Therefor, this research inquires not only about the mechanisms employed by chroniclers in the attempt to ensure trustworthiness to their reports, but in like manner the diverse roles fourteenth-century chronicle writing played to the contemporary nobility, whose actions were portrayed by them. Bearing in mind such goals, we analyzed lay chronicles composed by Geoffrey le Baker, Jean le Bel and Thomas Gray, men apparently without any proximity, but who shared designs and ideals about both warrior behavior and their practices. When those chronicles are collated among themselves and altogher with other contemporary documents, they do not cover war by itself, as from their perspective of the conflict they offer a wider view of what deserved to be remembered in the kingdom of England in the first phases of the Hundred Years War / Mestre

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The dissertation is devoted to the problems of the perception of Muslims and the threat posed by the Ottoman by the Byzantine and East-European writers of the XV century. According to the materials of historical works analyzed the ratio of the authors to the representatives of the Islamic faith in a severe foreign situation and also domestic religious contradictions. Analysis of the works of Byzantine and Balkan writers allows us to trace the evolution of the views of historians on the matter and to reveal the extent of their bias. According to the Byzantine and East-European sources revealed the attitude of the authors of the XV century to the Turks and denoted points of contact of Christian and Muslim civilizations in the context of military confrontation, also investigated the attitude of the authors to the key events of the Turkish expansion in the XV century - Battle of Varna in 1444 and the capture of Constantinople in 1453. The dissertation also addresses the problem of mutual Christians and Muslims considered in the interpretation of the writers and the question of the possibility of cultural and religious dialogue between the warring parties. / Диссертация посвящена рассмотрению проблемы восприятия мусульман и угрозы со стороны османов византийскими и восточно-европейскими писателями XV века. По материалам их исторических произведений анализируется отношение авторов к представителям исламского вероучения в условиях тяжелой внешнеполитической ситуации и внутренних религиозных противоречий. Анализ сочинений византийских и балканских писателей позволяет проследить эволюцию взглядов историков относительно данного вопроса и выявить степень их тенденциозности. По данным византийских и восточно-европейских источников выявляется отношение авторов XV в. к туркам, обозначаются точки соприкосновения христианской и мусульманской цивилизаций в контексте военного противостояния, а также исследуется отношение авторов к ключевым событиям турецкой экспансии XV в. - битве при Варне 1444 г. и захвату Константинополя в 1453 г. В диссертации также затрагивается проблема взаимовосприятия христиан и мусульман в интерпретации рассматриваемых писателей и ставится вопрос о возможности культурного и религиозного диалога между представителями противоборствующих сторон.

D.Litt. et Phil. (Greek) / Please refer to full text to view abstract