University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of English

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of English

Cette thèse en histoire de l’art propose une relecture anthropologique des deux principaux écrits de J.-J. Winckelmann (1717-1768), Réflexions sur l’imitation des œuvres grecques en peinture et en sculpture (1755) et Histoire de l’art dans l’Antiquité (1764). Elle cherche à déplacer les centres de gravité théoriques (le beau, l’imitation, le sublime, « la grandeur sereine »…) retenus par l’historiographie classique afin de mettre en évidence les finalités imaginaires de l'entreprise winckelmanienne. Celles-ci vont transformer l'art grec en objet de désir et le soumettre à une double appropriation : l'appropriation du corps charnel de l'éphèbe grec et l'appropriation d'une culture antique offrant à la Kultur allemande la possibilité de rivaliser avec la civilisation française. Si l’Apollon du Belvédère vérifie le désir d’un corps fantasmé, le Laocoon devient le manifeste d'un désir de « culture ». Il s'agira de montrer que ces visées imaginaires de Winckelmann ne relèvent pas du seul désir idiosyncrasique. Non seulement elles mettent en forme les attentes de toute une génération (celle de Herder, Lessing, Goethe...) mais en plus elle convoque cette science propre au XVIIIe siècle, que l’on appelle déjà l’anthropologie, qui prétend étudier l'être humain aussi bien dans ses aspects physiques (anatomie, pathologie, physiologie...) que culturels (l’histoire des origines, la climatologie, la philosophie politique...). Ainsi les références scientifiques s'engouffrent dans la description de la nudité des corps, dans laquelle Winckelmann fait palpiter les chairs de marbre, relève les mutilations, les points délicieux ou obscènes dans un regard à la fois clinique et amoureux. De même, son exploration de la Grèce antique, qui vise la fondation d'une mémoire culturelle, mêle étroitement un sentiment de tragique et une érudition d'archéologue et d'antiquaire sans pareil. Au-delà du corpus winckelmannien, cette relecture pose des questions à la pratique de l’« anthropologie visuelle » (A. Warburg, G. Didi-Huberman, H. Belting…) qui tout en prétendant renouveler en profondeur les objets et les méthodes de l'histoire de l’art classique laisse intact le fondateur de la discipline et sa définition apollinienne de l'art grec. Il s'agira pour nous, au contraire, de montrer qu'un métissage de contenus traverse de part en part les écrits de Winckelmann et se trouve au fondement de son esthétique. Sa conception du temps et de l’histoire, par exemple, à mille lieux de la thèse humaniste de l’historia magistra, est hantée par le deuil d’un « passé antique mort à tout jamais » et ne cesse de différer le présent d'avec lui-même. Cette lecture mélancolique de l'antiquité, qui multiplie les représentations spectrales, offre une réconciliation inattendue entre l’histoire de l’art et l’anthropologie visuelle. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Winckelmann, art, histoire, historiographie, anthropologie, antiquité, Grèce, visuel.

The Alpine Fault is a major plate boundary structure, which accommodates up to 50-80% of the total plate boundary motion across the South Island of New Zealand. The fault has not ruptured historically although limited off-fault shaking records and on-fault dating suggest large to great (~ Mw 8) earthquakes (every ~100-480 years; most recently in 1717), making it potentially one of the largest onshore sources of seismic hazard in New Zealand. The central section of the Alpine Fault, which bounds the highest elevations in the Southern Alps, is one of the most poorly characterised sections along the fault. On-fault earthquake timing in addition to the amount of dextral slip during major earthquakes was unknown along a 200-km-long section of the central Alpine Fault, while the amount of co-seismic hanging wall uplift was poorly known, prior to the present work. In this thesis I address these knowledge gaps through a combination of light detection and ranging (lidar), field, and stratigraphic mapping along with sample dating to constrain earthquake timing, style of faulting, and hanging wall rock uplift rates. Using lidar data coupled with field mapping I delineated the main trace of the Alpine Fault at Gaunt Creek as a north-striking fault scarp that was excavated and logged; this is part of a 2-km-wide restraining bend dominated by low-angle thrust faulting and without the clear strike-slip displacements that are present nearby (<5 km distant along strike in both directions). Where exposed in this scarp, the fault-zone is characterized by a distinct 5-50 cm thick clay fault-gouge layer juxtaposing hanging wall bedrock (mylonites and cataclasites) over unconsolidated late-Holocene footwall colluvium. An unfaulted peat at the base of the scarp is buried by post-most recent event (MRE) alluvium and yields a radiocarbon age of A.D. 1710–1930, consistent with sparse on-fault data, validating earlier off-fault records that suggest a 1717 MRE with a moment magnitude of Mw 8.1 ± 0.1, based on the 380-km-long surface rupture. Lidar and field mapping also enabled the identification and measurement of short (<30 m), previously unrecognized dextral offsets along the central section of the Alpine Fault. Single-event displacements of 7.5 ± 1 m for the 1717 earthquake and cumulative displacements of 12.9 ± 2 m and 22 ± 2.7 m for earlier ruptures can be binned into 7.1 ± 2.1 m increments of repeated dextral (uniform) slip along the central Alpine Fault. A comparison of these offsets with the local paleoseismic record and known plate kinematics suggests that the central Alpine Fault earthquakes in the past 1.1 ka may have: (i) bimodal character, with major surface ruptures (!Mw 7.9) every 270 ± 70 years (e.g. the 1717 event) and with moderate to large earthquakes (!Mw 7) occurring between these ruptures (e.g. the 1600 event); or (ii) that some shaking data may record earthquakes on other faults. If (i) is true, the uniform slip model (USM) perhaps best represents central Alpine Fault earthquake recurrence, and argues against the applicability of the characteristic earthquake model (CEM) there. Alternatively, if (ii) is true, perhaps the fault is “characteristic” and some shaking records proximal to plate boundary faults do not necessarily reflect plate-boundary surface ruptures. Paleoseismic and slip data suggest that (i) is the most plausible interpretation, which has implications for the understanding of major plate-boundary faults worldwide. Field mapping, geological characterisation, geophysical mapping, and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of on-fault hanging wall sediments were used to better constrain the geometry and kinematics of Holocene deformation along the rangefront of the Southern Alps at the Alpine Fault near the Whataroa River. The fault here is dextral-reverse, although primarily strike-slip with clear fault traces cutting across older surfaces of varying elevations. Deformational bulges are observed along these traces that are likely thrust-bounded. A terrace of Whataroa River sediments was found on the hanging wall of the Alpine Fault approximately ~ 55-75 m (when considering uncertainties) above the floodplain of the Whataroa River. OSL ages for a hanging wall sediments of 10.9 ± 1.0 ka for the aforementioned terrace, 2.8 ± 0.3 ka for Whataroa River terrace deposits in a deformational bulge, and 11.1 ± 1.2 ka for a rangefront derived fan indicate Holocene aggradation along the rangefront and hanging wall uplift rates of 6.0 ± 1.1 mm/yr. The sub-horizontal, laterally continuous, and planar-bedded Whataroa-sourced terrace deposits suggest that the adjacent bounding faults are steeply-dipping faults without geometries in the shallow subsurface that would tend to cause sedimentary bed rotation and tilting. Using data from the approximately 100-m deep pilot DFDP boreholes together with lidar and field mapping, I present a review of the Quaternary geology, geomorphology, and structure of the fault at Gaunt Creek, and estimate new minimum Late-Pleistocene hanging wall rock uplift rates of 5.7 ± 1.0 mm/yr to 6.3 ± 1.1 mm/yr (without considering local erosion) that suggest that the Southern Alps are in a dynamic steady state here. GPS-derived “interseismic” vertical uplift rates are < 1 mm/yr at the Alpine Fault, so the majority of rock uplift at the rangefront happens during episodic major earthquakes, confirming with on-fault data that slip occurs coseismically. Notably the uplift rates from both Mint and Gaunt Creek are consistent between the two sites although the primary style of faulting at the surface is different between the two sites, suggesting consistent coseisimc uplift of the Southern Alps rangefront along the Alpine Fault in major earthquakes. This thesis collected new on-fault datasets that confirm earlier inferences of plate-boundary fault behaviour. This study of the high-uplift central section of the Alpine Fault provides the first on-fault evidence for the MRE (i.e. 1717) and repeated of dextral slip during the MRE and previous events as well as new hanging wall uplift data which suggests that the majority of rangefront uplift occurs in earthquakes along the Alpine Fault. Because the fault has not ruptured for ~300 years, it poses a significant seismic hazard to southern New Zealand.

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Orientador: Antonio Miguel / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T15:31:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gomes_MariaLauraMagalhaes_D.pdf: 12578971 bytes, checksum: 42b253232c2d1e16537b7afbe47ac88f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Resumo: Este trabalho focaliza as visões sobre a educação matemática dos quatro autores do Iluminismo francês cujo nome figura em seu título. Os quatro capítulos centrais são constituídos por estudos sobre as idéias de Diderot, d' Alembert, Condillac e Condorcet nos quais se procura ressaltar, para cada pensador, o aspecto mais notável em relação à educação matemática. Em Diderot, esse aspecto se encontra no sentido político da educação matemática; d' Alembert se distingue por sua consideração da epistemologia da Matemática como a base da educação matemática. Em Condillac, destaca-se a valorização da educação matemática no plano cognitivo geral; em Condorcet, as concepções e propostas para a educação matemática na instrução pública. Os capítulos inicial e final apresentam, respectivamente, o quadro da educação matemática na França do século XVllI, antes da Revolução, e o contexto da mesma educação no período pós-iluminista, da morte de Condorcet à Restauração / Abstract: This thesis is focused on elucidating visions on Mathematical Education of four Eighteenth Century French Enlightenrnent authors, namely, Diderot, d' Alembert, Condillac and Condorcet. These philosophers main views on Mathematical Education, as perceived, are here organised in four exc1usively dedicated chapters, each of them selecting and approaching the core themes and arguments of each author. Accordingly, Diderot's main ideas on the topic are aimed at the political meaning of Mathematical Education, whereas to d' Alembert, the central aspect to be underlined is the Mathematical Epistemology. As for Condillac, the priority is given to the evolving cognitive frameworks. Finally, it is believed that Condorcet' s ultimate emphasis is on public education. The thesis initial and final chapters characterise the Mathematical Education contexts in France, respectively, in the Eighteenth Century before the French Revolution and in the Post-Enlightenrnent phase, from Condorcet's death to the French Restoration / Doutorado / Doutor em Educação

University of Macau / Faculty of Education

Para la presente tesis, titulada Rosa de Indias: discursividad criolla y representación simbólica de la comunidad de Lima en Vida de Santa Rosa de Santa María del Conde de la Granja (1711) hemos optado por seguir una metodología interdisciplinaria que aprovecha la heurística de la Historia y la tradición filológica del comentario de textos literarios. Por su parte, la filología nos ha permitido comprender de manera diacrónica la relevancia del poema dentro del corpus maior de la poesía épica culta: VSR, desde esa óptica, se nos presenta como un producto específico de la vertiente hispánica de dicha producción que responde propiamente a un contexto de enunciación colonial. En tanto poema épico americano, Vida se Santa Rosa (en adelante citado como VSR) nos demuestra el meditado interés así como las estrategias de la comunidad criolla al momento de elegir a Rosa como una ciudadana ejemplar, es decir, heroica. / Tesis

The aim of diploma thesis was to characterize the collection of Roudnice Lobkowicz Library and its evolution in relation to French prints published by the year 1717. These texts were compared with French printouts in noblewoman{\crq}s Marie Ernestine von Eggenberg library in Český Krumlov. In the introductory part of the thesis I created the catalogue of French written texts published by the year 1717, which are situated in Roudnice Lobkowicz Library. In the following part I resulted from the catalogue mentioned above while arranging the chronological order index and various issues index. The thesis also features the history of the Lobkowicz Family, describes the Roudnice Lobkowicz Library collection, and it briefly brings near the history of Nelahozeves Castle and Roudnice nad Labem Castle, which are closely referred to the most important part of Roudnice Lobkowicz Library. In the final part, the project presents the comparison of Roudnice Lobkowicz Library and Marie Ernestine von Eggenberg Library in Český Krumlov on the subject of French texts issued by the year 1717.