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This Master's thesis proposes to examine the place of space in five works by Andre Breton which are: Nadja (1928); Les Vases communicants (1932); L'Amour fou (1937); Arcane 17 (1945); Martinique charmeuse de serpents (1948). The first chapter of this thesis deals with the problem of space and its definitions through a sequence of seven authors who propose different perspectives. The second chapter explores the literary, the imaginary and the textual spaces in the aforementionned works while taking into account numerous surrealist concepts proposed by Breton.

This thesis has explored the relationship, in terms of parallels and allusions, of the four complete and one unfinished novel of F. Scott Fitzgerald to his own life experiences. The novels used in this study area This Side of Paradise, The Beautiful and Damned, The Great Gat 9 Tender Is the Night, and The Last Tycoon, of which only five and one-half chapters were completed at the time of Fitzgerald's death in December, 1940. This study traced the personal exploitation and the transformation of Fitzgerald's own life experiences, relatives, and acquaintances into his fictional subject matter, characters, and settings.In addition, the thesis has discussed Fitzgerald's friendship with several of his contemporary critics and authors such as: Maxwell Perkins, his publisher; Edmund "Bunny" Wilson, and John Peale Bishop, his Princeton classmates and literary colleagues; and Ernest Hemingway, whom Fitzgerald admired greatly. The influence that these and others had on Fitzgerald's works was also revealed in this study.

An analysis of Manhattan Transfer yields one very formidable conclusion: it is an extraordinarily contrived work of fiction that is a work of art. The novel is extraordinary because nothing quite like it had ever been done before in American literature; contrived, because it is a carefully wrought, deliberated piece of fiction. Thus Manhattan Transfer is an experimental novel in the best sense of the word. It is not the result of any kind of "spontaneous combustion," in which the author was the mere instrument to guide the pen while wrapt in the ecstatic warblings of the muse.Dos Passos believed that he had to find a form that would capture the hum and throb, the agony and the ecstasy of the modern metropolis. He wanted to represent its kaleidoscopic variety, its noise and confusion, and, above all, he wanted to show how modern man is responsible for projecting the monster in his own soul. The monster in Manhattan Transfer is New York City, conceived and built in the image of power and success. The city is a tribute to man's genius;it is also a tribute to his greed. In his desire to succeed at all costs, man has created a labyrinthine technology that he does not understand. Man finds himself going through revolving doors endlessly, finally to the point where he himself is fed through the huge modern machines, like a tapeworm devoid of any direction and sensibility.Moreover Manhattan Transfer is an altogether American novel, because it deals with the phenomenon of the mushrooming American technology with its focus on a huge metropolis. Furthermore, because it is such an innovative novel in terms of traditional fiction, it is clearly in the American stream of literature. It points both forward and backward. It takes as its departure Whitman's tremendous achievements in language experimentation. In his essay in The New Republic (October 14, 1916), Doe Passos proded future practitioners in American literature to experiment, to look back at Walt Whitman and renew his spirit of genuine individualism and gusto. He reminded American writers to look within themselves and create forms that would speak for the times that were flexible and adaptable enough to capture the American spirit. He reprimanded those writers who would follow in the European traditions of the novel without questioning their relationship to the wholly new American experience.One need not have read much Whitman to remember that he called his Leaves of Grass, in the final analysis, a "language experiment." And one need not have read far into ManhattanTransfer to realize that it is also a language experiment. Doe Passos adores language; he is intrigued by its endless manipulatability.Manhattan Transfer is also an enviable source of important knowledge about New York City during the first two decades of the twentieth century. What was it like to live there prior to the first world war? What were the peculiar anxieties, hopes, and dreams, of the people who lived there when it was growing so rapidly into the complex metropolitan center it is today? Almost on every page one can both feel and sense the emerging bigness. The city was becoming cosmopolitan, chaotic, dazzling, and needless to say, frustratingly awesome.

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The thesis is divided in two sections; the first section consists in a critical document while the second presents my own creative writing, a play intitled Le Foyer. My use of theatrical writing in Le Foyer sought to privilege certain litterary techniques and dramatic processes elaborated by Antonin Artaud (1896-1948) in his manifesto The Theatre and his Double (1938). The thesis' theoretical section explores various issues at stake in my creative writing exercise: the link between the play Les Cenci and Artaud's metaphysic is questionned. I aimed to demonstrate how Les Cenci is an improbable example of the concept of Theatre of Cruelty. I stressed the liberties the playwright has taken with his theory when putting it into practice in a first attempt to create total theatre.

Zugl.: Freiburg (Breisgau), Univ., Diss., 2006 u.d.T.: Meindl, Ralf: Erich Koch

Thesis (M.A.)--Colorado college.

Inaug.-diss.--Hamburg. / Lebenslauf. "Literaturverzeichnis": p. v-vi.