在全球化與資訊通訊科技的脈絡下，各級政府之間為解決政策問題或改善政策績效而相互進行政策學習已成為趨勢。本研究應用政策趨同以及政策學習理論，分析在國內已形成顯著趨同現象的1999專線政策，並選取新北市政府為個案進行深入探討。研究結果顯示，行政區劃層級為直轄市、位於北部或中部、人口數百萬以上的縣市在1999專線上比較有採納趨同的傾向，趨同縣市在土地面積、高山地區比率、道路里程密度，行政機關公務人員數，以及歲入上也較未趨同縣市為多。在細部的服務機制和委外範圍上，各縣市仍多少有差異，較不完備之縣市則呈現人口數以及歲入較少的特徵。1999專線的趨同力量中並無中央政府的強制力介入，促成趨同的可能原因有觀念普及、政治壓力、競爭壓力、問題壓力，以及創新的認知屬性等因素導致。在政策學習分析的部分，新北市政府學習過程中的關鍵行動者為文官體系所形成的移植網絡，並以臺北市為最主要的學習對象，地理區位的接近性以及由此衍生的過往關係為雙方互動交流的有利基礎。然而新北市與臺北市之間存有結構性差異，無法全盤移植臺北市政府的經驗。本研究也發現，臺北市政府在國內1999專線的政策趨同或政策學習上扮演了重要的關鍵角色，其作為一個中介者向外國政府師法、本土化後將此政策資訊傳播給國內地方政府，成為許多地方政府的學習對象。本研究作為一初探性研究，建議未來除在學術上應豐富有關趨同及學習模式之研究外，並應將政策學習理論結合實務的管理面，建置政策知識庫以及制度化的政策學習網絡，讓地方政府的施政經驗得以保存、累積與流通應用，以作為政策知識管理和學習的有效後盾，提昇政策績效。 / Under the influence of globalization and information and communication technologies, governments at all levels get more chances to learn policy across boundaries as a way to solve policy problem or to enhance policy performance. The thesis applies policy convergence and policy learning theory to analyze the 1999 citizen hotline in Taiwan, takes New Taipei City as a case, and intends to examine the process and contributing factors for policy learning. The results show municipality, located in northern or central Taiwan with population of several million or more, tend to convergence in 1999 citizen hotline. There are some differences between convergence city and non-convergence city in land area, the ratio of total land area of alpine areas, density of the road mileage, number of public servants, and revenue. The possible reasons leading to convergence include the diffusion of concept, political pressure, the pressure of competition, the pressure of problem-solving, and the cognitive attributes of innovation. In the policy learning process of New Taipei City, the key actors are policy transfer network consist of civil servants. Taipei City is the main learning objects of New Taipei City. The proximity of geographic location and past relations is the basis for the interaction between New Taipei City and Taipei City. However, there are structural differences between the two cities; therefore, New Taipei City didn’t photocopy all the details in 1999 citizen hotline of Taipei City. This research also finds that the important role of Taipei City in the policy convergence or policy learning of 1999 citizen hotline. Taipei City, as an intermediary earned from a foreign government, localized the policy, and disseminated policy information to the domestic local governments. Based on the findings, the author suggests the government should construct policy knowledge base, and institutionalize the transfer network to improve policy performance. As an exploratory study, the author also suggests the academics could establish more appropriate convergence models by quantitative statistical analysis, or include more cities to compare models of policy learning in the future.

隨著創新時代來臨，政府透過創新的政策推動藉以滿足民眾最新的需求或與民眾產生更好的互動方式，政府部門的創新力近年來亦成提升政府服務品質的關鍵，同時透過政府間對創新政策的相互仿效，形成E.M.Rogers所提出的「創新擴散」（diffusion of innovations）效應。　　　　　　　　 臺北市政府即以美國紐約市「311專線」政策為藍本，於2005年啟用「1999專線」至2014年1月，其後有高雄市及新北市等共17個縣市陸續採用，顯見1999專線於政策擴散的效應，並直接影響各地方政府間及政府與民眾間的互動關係。因此本研究透過四個構面去分析：（1）我國1999專線政策於地方政府間擴散情形；（2）創新先驅者臺北市政府變遷代理人於傳佈各階段所扮演的角色；（3）臺北都會區創新決策過程；（4）臺北都會區創新政策擴散的後果。為探究臺北都會區從啟用至執行1999專線的情形，本研究透過文獻內容分析法、次級資料法與質化深度訪談法進行資料的統整與分析。經由創新擴散理論為架構，探析地方政府間擴散學習的效應及影響組織創新決策的過程，以作為其他縣市的參考。 　　本研究結果發現：（1）創新性分數較高多為直轄市或與創新先驅者鄰近之都會區、擴散型態呈現各式曲線分佈；（2）變遷代理人於擴散各階段扮演不同角色；（3）臺北都會區具有實施動機較高、相對優勢較高、政府網絡關係較高、組織內部資源與規模較高等創新優勢；（4）影響民眾知曉度主要為意見領袖；影響民眾滿意度主要因素為是否能滿足民眾的需求。本研究建議如下：（1）建置地方政府創新政策知識庫；（2）建立縣市創新政策交流機制；（3）建議中央鼓勵我國縣市全面實施。 / As the age of innovation comes, the government satisfies the public’s latest needs and builds a better way to interact with the public by carrying out innovative policies. Besides, innovation had played a key role in increasing governmental service quality for the past few years. Meanwhile, through mutual imitation of innovation between governments, the diffusion of innovations, pointed out by E.M.Rogers, was formed. 　　Based on New York City’s Hotline 133, Hotline 1999 was launched in Taipei by Taipei City Government in 2005, and was then adopted by totally 17 cities and counties one after another until January 2014, including Kaohsiung and New Taipei City, which showed the effect of Hotline 1999’s policy diffusion, and the significant impact to the relation between local governments and among governments and the public. Thus Hotline 1999 project was analyzed by 4 aspects in this study: 1. The diffusion condition of Hotline 1999 on local governments, 2. The roles played by Change agent of Taipei City government, as an innovation pioneer, in each stage of diffusion, 3. Innovation policy decision process in the metropolitan areas of Taipei, and 4. The consequences of the above said diffusion. To discuss the whole process of Hotline 1999 from the very beginning to implementing, the data will be complied and analyzed though document analysis, secondary data analysis, and In-Depth Interviews. Besides, through Innovation Diffusion Theory as the framework, we discuss the learning effect of local governments and the process of innovation policy decision that influenced organizations for the further reference to other cities and counties. 　　The research findings include the following: 1. Directly Controlled Cities and the metropolis that neighbor on innovators score higher in innovativeness, 2. Change Agent played different roles as problem locators and innovation satisfaction, etc, 3. Taipei’s metropolitan areas have several innovation advantages: incentive to implement, relative advantage, stronger network among governments, and abundant resources and bigger scope, and 4. Public’s awareness was raised mainly by opinion leader, and degree of satisfaction depends on whether public needs are met. The suggestions are as follows : 1. Build a knowledge base for local government innovation policies, 2. Provide a mechanism for exchange of innovation policies, and 3. Central government should encourage the entire nation to implement the project.