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This thesis analyses the relationship between Marcus Porcius Cato Censorius and his eldest son, Marcus Porcius Cato Licinianus, considering its importance for Cato's public image and political career, investigating its place within some of the central cultural debates of the 2nd century BC, and looking at the impact which this relationship had upon received impressions of Cato the Censor as presented by later Latin authors. This is done primarily through the examination of the written works which Cato addressed to Licinianus, the extant fragments of which are presented here, with a translation and commentary, in the first modern edition to treat these texts as a unified project. The subsequent sections of this thesis set the works which Cato addressed to his son within the context of the general cultural debate and individual political competition which engaged Rome's ruling elite during this period; Cato's adoption of a paternal persona within these works is related to the character's popular appeal in the military sphere and on the comic stage; and the didactic pose and agricultural instruction featured in these texts is used to illuminate some of the challenges posed to Cato's successful performance of his duties as censor. A final section considers the reappropriation of Cato's relationship with his son as found in the De officiis of Cicero, the Institutio oratoria of Quintilian, and the anonymous Disticha Catonis. This thesis suggests that the Censor's relationship with his son, and the works which he addressed to the young man, played a more significant part in Cato's public image and political career than has hitherto been acknowledged. These texts illuminate some of the finer points of Cato's clever political strategy and they offer fresh insight into the popular culture and elite competition of the period in which he lived. The relative importance of this relationship within Cato's public life helps to explain the popularity of later images of the Censor as a paternal and educational figure and offers us a better understanding of modern conceptions of Cato.

Scientific data life cycles define how data is created, handled, accessed, and analyzed by users. Such data life cycles become increasingly sophisticated as the sciences they deal with become more and more demanding and complex with the coming advent of exascale data and computing. The overarching data life cycle management background includes multiple abstraction categories with data sources, data and metadata management, computing and workflow management, security, data sinks, and methods on how to enable utilization. Challenges in this context are manifold. One is to hide the complexity from the user and to enable seamlessness in using resources to usability and efficiency. Another one is to enable generic metadata management that is not restricted to one use case but can be adapted with limited effort to further ones. Metadata management is essential to enable scientists to save time by avoiding the need for manually keeping track of data, meaning for example by its content and location. As the number of files grows into the millions, managing data without metadata becomes increasingly difficult. Thus, the solution is to employ metadata management to enable the organization of data based on information about it. Previously, use cases tended to only support highly specific or no metadata management at all. Now, a generic metadata management concept is available that can be used to efficiently integrate metadata capabilities with use cases. The concept was implemented within the MoSGrid data life cycle that enables molecular simulations on distributed HPC-enabled data and computing infrastructures. The implementation enables easy-to-use and effective metadata management. Automated extraction, annotation, and indexing of metadata was designed, developed, integrated, and search capabilities provided via a seamless user interface. Further analysis runs can be directly started based on search results. A complete evaluation of the concept both in general and along the example implementation is presented. In conclusion, generic metadata management concept advances the state of the art in scientific date life cycle management.

This thesis studies the religious system of the city of Rome and its immediate hinterland from the end of the Second Punic War to the emergence of autocratic rule shortly before the turn of the millennium. The Romans lacked a separate word for 'religion'. Scholars therefore hold that modern notions of religion, due to their Christianizing assumptions, cannot be applied to Roman religion, which consisted in public and social religious observance rather than in individual spirituality. The first chapter argues that Roman religion can be conceptualized as a system of social religious behaviour and individual motivational processes. A comparative definition of 'religion', which transcends Christianizing assumptions, is proposed to support this argument. In chapter two, modern interpretations of Roman religion, which view Republican religion as a 'closed system' in which religion is undifferentiated from politics and from public life, are criticized. It is argued that these interpretations start from unwarranted preconceptions concerning the interrelation of religion and society. Instead, I suggest that we should apply the model of an 'open system': the religious system at Rome was interrelated with its environment, but at the same time it could be conceptualized as being differentiated from other realms of social activity at Rome. Chapter three refutes the view that the identity of religion at Rome can be described by models of political or cultural identity. Instead, religious communication in Late Republican Rome was characterized by contextual rather than by substantive meanings. The fluidity of religious meaning in Late Republican Rome, a metropolis of nearly 1,000,000 inhabitants, implies that normative definitions of the constituents of Roman religion fail to convince. In relation to coloniae and municipia it is attempted to show that the religious system of Rome, a local religion geared to the physical city and its immediate hinterland, was not capable of becoming a universal religion. In the fourth chapter, the parameters organizing Roman religion are discussed. My thesis is that Roman religion in the Late Republic was decentralized in that religious authority was diffused and religious responsibilities were divided. In the city of Rome, there existed a market of religious alternatives, which was characterized by the compatibility of different deities and cults in a polytheistic context.

This thesis will add to the debate on the nature of popular politics at Rome from the time of the Gracchi to Sulla. It examines contemporary evidence in order to reconstruct the terms in which political discourse was conducted. The period marks a time of political dynamism in the Republic, prior the fateful precedents set by Sulla, and falls before the period dominated the Ciceronian corpus. The first aim of the thesis will be to evaluate and utilize the fragmentary evidence of contemporary oratory in order to consider the terms in which politicians described themselves and their opponents. This will allow for a critique of the model of Roman politics derived from Cicero's works which has been often ascribed to the period. Rather than substantiating the traditional picture of politics, conducted in terms of the opposition between popularis and optimas, it reveals that this period is characterized by competition to appropriate the same rhetorical concepts and identification with the traditional role of the Senate in the res publica. The second aim is to contribute to the question of the role of ideology in Roman politics by further demonstrating the existence of a versatile and varied vocabulary capable of articulating a discourse between different ideological standpoints.

沈婷. / "2003年8月". / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2003. / 參考文獻(leaves 165-172). / 附中英文摘要. / "2003 nian 8 yue". / Shen Ting. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2003. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 165-172). / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / 目錄 --- p.i / Chapter 第一章 --- 前言 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二章 --- 東晉玄言詩槪述 --- p.3 / Chapter 第一節 --- 玄言詩的定義 --- p.3 / Chapter 第二節 --- 東晉玄言詩的分類 --- p.6 / Chapter 第三節 --- 東晉玄言詩的分期 --- p.6 / Chapter 第三章 --- 玄言詩的思想背景 --- p.9 / Chapter 第一節 --- 玄言詩的玄學背景 --- p.9 / Chapter (一) --- 玄學的槪念 --- p.9 / Chapter (二) --- 玄學的發展與玄言詩的盛行 --- p.11 / Chapter (三) --- 玄學的重要命題與玄言詩 --- p.13 / Chapter 1. --- 以無爲本 --- p.13 / Chapter 2. --- 言意之辨 --- p.15 / Chapter 3. --- 名教與自然 --- p.16 / Chapter 第二節 --- 玄言詩與佛學的關係 --- p.17 / Chapter (一) --- 玄佛合 流 --- p.19 / Chapter (二) --- 佛理對玄言詩的影 響 --- p.20 / Chapter 第三節 --- 玄言詩的清談背景 --- p.22 / Chapter (一) --- 清談的性質與內容 --- p.22 / Chapter (二) --- 清談對玄言詩的影響 --- p.23 / Chapter 1. --- 審美性質的清談一一玄言詩創作動力之一 --- p.23 / Chapter 2. --- 清談對玄言詩語言形式的影響 --- p.25 / Chapter 3. --- 清談對玄言詩聲律節奏的影響 --- p.27 / Chapter 第四章 --- 東晉玄言詩的藝術特色 --- p.29 / Chapter 第一節 --- 引言 --- p.29 / Chapter 第二節 --- 東晉玄言詩的篇章結構 --- p.30 / Chapter (一) --- 玄言詩的類別與篇章結構分析 --- p.31 / Chapter 1. --- 純粹說理的玄言詩 --- p.31 / Chapter 2. --- 理景交融的玄言詩 --- p.33 / Chapter 3. --- 情、景、理三者融合的玄言詩 --- p.35 / Chapter (二) --- 篇章結構與詩歌的形式美 --- p.36 / Chapter (三) --- 篇章結構與詩歌的情感表達方式 --- p.39 / Chapter 第三節 --- 東晉玄言詩的藝術手法 --- p.41 / Chapter (一) --- 遣詞用字 --- p.41 / Chapter 1. --- 玄學內容對遣詞用字的影響 --- p.42 / Chapter 2. --- 語言和辭采 --- p.44 / Chapter 3. --- 玄言詩中的虛字 --- p.47 / Chapter 3.1. --- 虛字的數量 --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2. --- 虛字對詩歌藝術特色的影響 --- p.50 / Chapter a. --- 虛字與意象的表現 --- p.50 / Chapter b --- .「以文爲詩」與虛字的關係 --- p.52 / Chapter c. --- 虛字與情感的表達 --- p.54 / Chapter d. --- 小結 --- p.56 / Chapter (二) --- 修辭手法 --- p.57 / Chapter 1. --- 比喻 --- p.57 / Chapter 1.1. --- 玄言詩中的比喻 --- p.57 / Chapter 1.2. --- 比喻手法與東晉玄言詩的藝術特色 --- p.58 / Chapter 2. --- 聲律節奏 --- p.61 / Chapter 2.1. --- 清談對聲律節奏的影響 --- p.61 / Chapter 2.2. --- 東晉玄言詩的聲律節奏 --- p.62 / Chapter 3. --- 玄言詩中的典故 --- p.66 / Chapter 第四節 --- 結語 --- p.68 / Chapter 第五章 --- 東晉玄言詩的淵源與發展 --- p.69 / Chapter 第一節 --- 玄言詩的源頭 --- p.69 / Chapter (一) --- 「《詩》、《騷》之體盡矣 」 --- p.69 / Chapter (二) --- 東晉玄言詩與《詩經》 --- p.70 / Chapter 1. --- 東晉時《詩經》的地位 --- p.70 / Chapter 2. --- 《詩經》對東晉玄言詩的影響 --- p.72 / Chapter 2.1. --- 文本關係 --- p.72 / Chapter 2.2. --- 體裁風格方面的影響 --- p.74 / Chapter (三) --- 東晉玄言詩與楚辭 --- p.76 / Chapter 1. --- 「熟讀離騷」的啓示 --- p.76 / Chapter 2. --- 東晉玄言詩與楚辭的直接關係 --- p.77 / Chapter 2.1. --- 童蒙者拾其香草 --- p.77 / Chapter 2.2. --- 吟諷者銜其山川 --- p.78 / Chapter 3. --- 間接影響一一情感表達與屈子精神 --- p.80 / Chapter 第二節 --- 東晉玄言詩與前代詩歌 --- p.82 / Chapter (一) --- 題材 --- p.82 / Chapter 1. --- 詩歌中的說理傳統 --- p.82 / Chapter 2. --- 嵇康、阮籍詩中的玄言 --- p.84 / Chapter (二) --- 體 裁 --- p.86 / Chapter 1. --- 東晉玄言詩的體裁 --- p.86 / Chapter 2. --- 東晉四言詩的背景 --- p.87 / Chapter 2.1. --- 玄學思想 --- p.88 / Chapter 2.2. --- 哲學著作 --- p.89 / Chapter 2.3. --- 魏晉四言詩 --- p.89 / Chapter 3. --- 四言詩對東晉玄言詩之影響 --- p.91 / Chapter (三) --- 情感風格 --- p.93 / Chapter (四) --- 篇章結構 --- p.96 / Chapter (五) --- 小結 --- p.97 / Chapter 第三節 --- 東晉玄言詩與山水詩 --- p.98 / Chapter (一) --- 玄言詩中的山水因素 --- p.99 / Chapter (二) --- 山水興起的背景探討 --- p.103 / Chapter 1. --- 地理環境 --- p.103 / Chapter 2. --- 文學作品 --- p.105 / Chapter 3. --- 玄學思想 --- p.108 / Chapter (三) --- 玄言詩與山水詩的傳承關係 --- p.109 / Chapter 第四節 --- 玄言詩與後代詩歌理論 --- p.115 / Chapter (一) --- 東晉詩歌理論試探 --- p.115 / Chapter 1. --- 東晉典籍及著作中所見詩歌理論試析 --- p.116 / Chapter 1.1. --- 《抱樸子》 --- p.117 / Chapter 1.2. --- 《世說新語》 --- p.119 / Chapter 1.3. --- 東晉詩序 --- p.121 / Chapter (二) --- 東晉玄言詩所見之詩歌理論試析 --- p.122 / Chapter 1. --- 由東晉玄言詩的藝術特色見其詩歌理論 --- p.123 / Chapter 1.1. --- 創作論之一：詩歌對形式美的追求 --- p.123 / Chapter 1.2. --- 創作論之二：詩歌對聲律節奏的重視 --- p.124 / Chapter 1.3. --- 欣賞論之一：東晉玄言詩的情感表達 --- p.125 / Chapter 1.4. --- 欣賞論之二：玄言詩對雅與正的追求 --- p.127 / Chapter 2. --- 東晉玄言詩中詩論成分綜述 --- p.128 / Chapter (二) --- 玄言詩與詩歌形式理 論 --- p.133 / Chapter 1. --- 詩歌形式論 --- p.133 / Chapter 2. --- 語言修辭 --- p.134 / Chapter 3. --- 聲律節奏 --- p.138 / Chapter 4. --- 篇章結構 --- p.140 / Chapter (三) --- 玄言詩與意境觀念 --- p.143 / Chapter 1. --- 意境觀念 --- p.143 / Chapter 1.1. --- 意境觀念的發展 --- p.144 / Chapter 1.2. --- 「意境」的槪念 --- p.146 / Chapter 2. --- 意境學說與老莊玄學 --- p.148 / Chapter 2.1. --- 老莊之「道」一一意境學說的哲學基礎之一 --- p.149 / Chapter 2.2. --- 言不盡意一一魏晉玄學對意境學說的直接影響 --- p.151 / Chapter 3. --- 東晉玄言詩與意境觀念 --- p.154 / Chapter 3.1. --- 詩歌風格 --- p.154 / Chapter 3.2. --- 意境的層次 --- p.157 / Chapter 3.3. --- 意境的基本要素 --- p.159 / Chapter 第六章 --- 結語 --- p.162 / 參考文獻 --- p.165 / 附錄一：東晉玄言詩人與玄言詩作對應表 --- p.173 / 附錄二：東晉玄言詩篇章 --- p.175

The purpose of this study was to analyze the dropwise condensation on a cylindrical surface including the sweeping effect theoretically. For this purpose, first the problem of the equilibrium shape and departure size of drops on the outer surface of a cylinder was formulated. The equations of the surface of the drop were obtained by minimizing (for a given volume) the total energy of the drop which consists of surface and gravitational energy by using the techniques of variational calculus. The departure size of the droplets on a surface at varies angle of inclinations were also determined experimentally. Drop departure size is observed to decrease up to as the surface inclination was decreased up to 90 degree and then it increased up to 180 degree. Mean base heat flux, drop departure rate, sweeping frequency, fraction of covered area, sweeping period, local heat flux and average heat flux for the dropwise condensation on a cylindrical surface including the sweeping effect is formulated and the resulting integral equation was solved by using the finite difference techniques. The results show that drop departure rate and sweeping frequency was strongly affected by the angular position and reached asymptotic value at large angular positions. Comparing the results of the average heat flux values at different diameters show that at larger diameters the average heat flux becomes larger. This is due to the increased sweeping effect at larger diameters.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is defined as a sleep related breathing disorder that causes the body to stop breathing for about 10 seconds and mostly ends with a loud sound due to the opening of the airway. OSAS is traditionally diagnosed using polysomnography, which requires a whole night stay at the sleep laboratory of a hospital, with multiple electrodes attached to the patient&#039 / s body. Snoring is a symptom which may indicate presence of OSAS / thus investigation of snoring sounds, which can be recorded in the patient&#039 / s own sleeping environment, has become popular in recent years to diagnose OSAS. In this study, we aim to develop a new method to detect post-apnea snoring episodes with the goal of diagnosing apnea or creating a new criteria similar to apnea / hypopnea index. In this method, first segmentation is done to eliminate the silence parts and only deal with active. Then these episodes are represented by distinctive features / some of these features are available in literature but some of them are novel. Finally, these episodes are classified using supervised and unsupervised methods. We are especially interested in detecting post apnea episodes, hence the apnea periods. False alarm rates are reduced by adding additional constraints into the detection algorithm. These methods are applied to snoring sound signals of OSAS patients, recorded in Gulhane Military Medical Academy, to verify the success of our algorithms.

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The aim of this dissertation is to explain the meaning of concordia surveying the historical context in which it emerged. The thesis concentrates on the period 63--43 B.C. because it is in this crucial period that the concept achieves its most articulate and influential defence by the Roman orator, statesman, and philosopher, Marcus Tullius Cicero. My intention is to review the important writings and speeches of Cicero and to situate them in the political struggles in which he was implicated. / By placing the concept of concordia in this political context, a clearer picture emerges than is available in the current literature about how Cicero promoted, defended, and skillfully redefined the concept of concordia in order to achieve his political aims. What emerges are three identifiable meanings of the concept of concordia . The first is the longstanding conventional Roman republican idea of concordia as unity, friendship, and agreement. The second is what Cicero called the concordia ordinum, an innovative idea of concordia as a harmony or coalition of the two Roman orders of the senate and equites. The third is the idea of concordia as a consensus omnium bonorum---what Cicero called concordia civium or concordia civitatis . This idea represents an important shift in the thinking of the Roman orator who began to see the survival of the republic as depending on a consensus that went beyond the coalition of the senate and equites.