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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Polimorfismo do RRE e ResistÃncia aos Antirretrovirais do VÃrus da ImunodeficiÃncia Humana e Efeito CitopÃtico e Replicativo In vitro da Enfuvirtida no CÃdon 36 do VÃrus Modificado pNL4-3 / Polymorphism of RRE and Antiretroviral Resistance from Human Immunodeficience Virus and Citopathic Effect and Replication In vitro of Enfuvirtide in CODON 36 from Modified Virus pNL4-3

Melissa Soares Medeiros 18 November 2011 (has links)
nÃo hà / IntroduÃÃo: Rev Responsive Element (RRE) à uma molÃcula RNA responsÃvel pelo transporte do mRNA viral do HIV-1 do nÃcleo para o citoplasma da cÃlula CD4, atravÃs da via RRE-Rev, essencial para a replicaÃÃo viral. As mutaÃÃes de resistÃncia a Enfuvirtida sÃo primariamente localizadas no perÃmetro de 10 aminoÃcidos do HR1, regiÃo correspondente no RRE. Caracterizar o RRE poderà fornecer uma nova abordagem terapÃutica para a terapia do HIV. Objetivos: Sequenciar e caracterizar o RRE da gp41 para avaliar sua variabilidade e correlaÃÃo com parÃmetros laboratoriais em sequÃncias de pacientes infectados pelo HIV-1 que receberam terapia antirretroviral ou virgens. Em estudo in vitro avaliar a mutaÃÃo 36D na presenÃa de Enfuvirtida. Metodologia: 62 amostras de pacientes com HIV-1 do Cearà foram coletadas e 35 sequÃncias de RRE foram obtidas e distribuÃdas em trÃs grupos para fins de anÃlise comparativa: N (virgens de terapia), T (uso de antirretroviral sem inibidor de fusÃo) e F (uso de antirretroviral associados a Enfuvirtida). SequÃncias obtidas foram alinhadas com o banco de dados de Los Alamos para HIV usando HIV BLAST Search. Estudo in vitro utilizou dois vÃrus de laboratÃrio pNLA-3 (36D e 36G) observando citopatogenicidade e proliferaÃÃo na presenÃa de doses crescentes de Enfuvirtida. Resultados: A anÃlise filogenÃtica demonstrou alta prevalÃncia do HIV-1 subtipo B (97,2%). Observou-se aumento da resposta imunolÃgica no grupo T (71,5%) comparado ao F (2,98%). MutaÃÃes mais comuns e polimorfismos do Grupo N foram Q32L (41,6%), N42S (8,3%), R46K (33,3%), L54M (41,6%); no grupo T: Q32R (8,3%), R46K (25%), L54M (33,3%); e no grupo F: Q32L (18,2%), G36D (9,1%), V38A (9,1%), N42S (27,3%), N42T (9,1%), R46K (27,3%), L54M (45,4%), K77R (54,5%). TrÃs amostras demonstraram mutaÃÃes de resistÃncia significativas para os inibidores de fusÃo. AnÃlise dos sÃtios primÃrios de ligaÃÃo do RRE observou presenÃa de mutaÃÃo 28A em 27,2% e 8,3% nos grupos F e N respectivamente, e 27S em 8,3% no grupo T. Houve pressÃo seletiva da regiÃo HR1 do HIV-1 de pacientes usando antirretroviral, independente da exposiÃÃo à Enfuvirtida. NÃo houve diferenÃa estatÃstica significativa nas curvas de p24 do vÃrus 36D comparado com 36G, independente de concentraÃÃes de T20 (p>0.05). Observou-se menor formaÃÃo de sincÃcio, com diminuiÃÃo da capacidade fusogÃnica, sem impacto na infectividade. ConclusÃo: O estudo definiu as mutaÃÃes e polimorfismos mais prevalentes no CearÃ, sugerindo alta preservaÃÃo nas regiÃes de sÃtio primÃrio de ligaÃÃo do Rev-RRE. Evidenciou baixo perfil de resistÃncia a Enfuvirtida em regimes com falha utilizando esta medicaÃÃo. Detectou-se pressÃo seletiva no HR1 do HIV-1 de pacientes em uso de Antirretroviral, independente de exposiÃÃo à Enfuvirtida. Evidenciado in vitro menor formaÃÃo sincicial no vÃrus 36D, com diminuiÃÃo na atividade fusogÃnica, mantendo infectividade. / Introduction: Rev Responsive Element (RRE) is a RNA molecule responsible to mRNA from HIV-1 virus nuclear transportation to cytoplasm through RRE-Rev pathway, essential to virus replication. Enfuvirtide resistance mutations are primary located in a perimeter of 10 amino acids of HR1, a corresponded region of RRE. Characterize RRE should provide a new approach for HIV therapy. Objectives: Sequence and characterize RRE from gp41 to evaluate variability and correlate with laboratory parameters in sequences from HIV-1-infected patients, which were receiving regimens including Enfuvirtide, naÃve or rescue therapy. Also evaluated mutation G to D at codon 36 in the presence of fusion inhibitor (enfuvirtide). Methods: Sixty-two samples from HIV patients in Ceara/Brazil were collected and Thirty-five RRE sequences and clinical follow-up were analyzed, distributed into three groups: N (naÃve therapy), T (treated patients with rescue regimens) and F (rescue regimens containing Enfuvirtide). Sequences obtained were aligned with Los Alamos HIV sequence database by using the HIV BLAST Search. Culture Study was performed using two different pNLA-3 (36D and 36G) with increasing amounts of enfuvirtide. Results: A phylogenetic analyses demonstrated higher prevalence of HIV-1 subtypes B (97.2%). An increased immunology response was observed in CD4 count higher on group T (71.5%) compared with F (2.98%). Group N most common mutations and polymorphisms were Q32L (41.6%), N42S (8.3%), R46K (33.3%), L54M (41.6%); group T: Q32R (8.3%), R46K (25%), L54M (33.3%); and group F: Q32L (18.2%), G36D (9.1%), V38A (9.1%), N42S (27.3%), N42T (9.1%), R46K (27.3%), L54M (45.4%), K77R (54.5%). Three samples demonstrated significant resistance mutations to fusion inhibitors. Analysis of RRE nucleotide primary sites observed mutation 28A in 27.2% and 8.3% on groups F and N respectively, and 27S in 8.3% on group T. There was selective pressure on HR1 region from HIV-1 patients using antiretroviral, independent of enfuvirtide exposure. There was no statistical difference between p24 curves of virus 36D compared with 36G, independent of T20 concentrations (p>0.05). It was observed less syncytial formation in 36D virus, with diminished fusogenic activity besides keeping infectivity. Conclusions: This study defined most prevalent RRE polymorphisms in Ceara/Brazil and suggests highly preserved regions primary sites to Rev connection. Observed a low resistance profile to enfuvirtide in failing regimens with this drug. Selective pressure on HR1 region in failed regimens with out fusion inhibitors was detected. A less syncytial formation in 36D virus with diminished fusogenic activity was detected.

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