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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Composição química,atividade fitonematicida e inseticida de Tipi (Petiveria alliaceae) / Chemical composition,activity fitonematicida and insecticide of Tipi(Petiveria alliaceae)

Bezerra, José Noberto Sousa January 2006 (has links)
BEZERRA, J. N. S. Composição química,atividade fitonematicida e inseticida de Tipi (Petiveria alliaceae). 2006. 121 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Química Orgânica) - Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2006. / Submitted by José Jairo Viana de Sousa (jairo@ufc.br) on 2014-10-10T18:53:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_jnsbezerra.pdf: 6462938 bytes, checksum: a3066d6d4b93361ed9f4c6ca281f1d98 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by José Jairo Viana de Sousa(jairo@ufc.br) on 2015-03-05T18:04:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_jnsbezerra.pdf: 6462938 bytes, checksum: a3066d6d4b93361ed9f4c6ca281f1d98 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T18:04:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_jnsbezerra.pdf: 6462938 bytes, checksum: a3066d6d4b93361ed9f4c6ca281f1d98 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / This work describes the study of the volatile and the non-volatile components from the roots of Petiveria alliaceae, including the nematicidal and insecticidal activities of the essential oil. The following components were identified in the essential oil: benzaldehyde as the major constituent (61, 5 %), cinnamaldehyde (6, 3%), dibenzyl disulphide (18, 1%), transstilbene (14, 1%). The two last compounds were also isolated through a chromatography in a preparative thin layer identified by RMN 1H and 13C. The isolation of a mixture of two mercaptans, benzyl disulphide and dibenzyl trisulphide, saccharose and allantoin, which were isolated for the first time from the Petiveria alliaceae, was permitted by the chromatographic treatment of the ethyl acetate, hexane, and ethanolic extracts. The isolated mercaptans are known in literature for their fungicide and insecticide activities. The constituents of the essential oil, extracted from the roots of Petiveria alliaceae, were submitted to the nematicidal activities against Meloidogyne incognita larva, insecticide against white fly (Bemisa tabaci) and insect of the beans (Callosobruchus maculatos). Significant insecticidal and nematicidal activities were present in the essential oil from the P. alliaceae, collected in two different localities. The isolated constituents had their structure elucidated through spectrometric methods of IV, EM, RMN 1H and 13C uni and bi-dimensional (COSY, HMQC and HMBC) / Este trabalho descreve o estudo dos componentes voláteis e não voláteis das raízes de Petiveria alliaceae, incluindo as atividades nematicida e inseticida do óleo essencial. Para o estudo químico, fitonematicida e inseticida utilizou-se as raízes da planta, das quais foram obtidos o óleo essencial e os constituintes não-voláteis. Do óleo essencial das raízes foram identificados os seguintes componentes: benzaldeido (61,5%) (constituinte majoritário) dissulfeto de dibenzila (18,1%), transestilbeno (14,1%) e cinamaldeido (6,3%), sendo que esses dois últimos compostos também foram isolados através de cromatografia em camada delgada preparativa e identificados por RMN 1H e 13C. O tratamento cromatográfico dos extratos etanólico, acetato de etila e hexânico permitiu o isolamento de uma mistura de duas mercaptanas, dissulfeto de dibenzila e o trissulfeto de dibenzila, dissulfeto de dibenzila, uma alantoina e a sacarose, que pela primeira vez foram isoladas das raízes de Petiveria alliaceae. As mercaptanas isoladas são conhecidas na literatura por suas atividades fungicidas e nematicida. O óleo essencial extraído das raízes de P. alliaceae e seus constituintes foram submetidos aos ensaios de atividades nematicida contra larvas de Meloidogyne incógnita (nematóide de galhas) e inseticida contra a Mosca branca (Bemisia tabaci) inseto do feijão (Callosobruchus maculatus). Os óleos essenciais obtidos de P. alliaceae coletadas nas duas localidades diferentes apresentaram significantes atividades inseticida e nematicida. Os constituintes isolados tiveram suas estruturas elucidadas através de métodos espectrométricos de IV, EM, RMN 1H e 13C uni e bidimensionais (COSY, HMQC e HMBC).

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