This dissertation is a comprehensive study of the life and work of the Viennese woodwind instrument maker Theodor Lotz. Lotz is central to many of the most significant developments in woodwind instrument manufacture and compositions of late 18th century Vienna, and is associated with some of the greatest players and composers of the day. Despite this, no study has been undertaken into his life and many of his surviving instruments have not been studied. This study corrects this by examining both the biographical and organological aspects of this maker. In Chapter 1, the current knowledge of Lotz’s biography is examined for veracity. This has been achieved through consultation of archival sources such as birth and marriage registers and contemporary newspaper announcements. The biographies of the other significant Viennese makers have also been examined in order to determine their relationship to Lotz. Particular attention has been paid to those makers known to have associated with him. Chapter 2 is a comparative study of clarinets. The surviving clarinet by Lotz is the main focus, and it is compared to earlier Viennese instruments as well as other contemporary instruments in order to place Lotz’s instruments in context. Basset horns are the instruments for which Lotz is best known. Chapter 3 is a comparative study of the surviving basset horns, and includes instruments by Lotz which have not previously been studied. The comparative aspect of the study focuses most particularly on instruments by Doleisch, who also made significant numbers of basset horns in nearby Prague during Lotz’s lifetime. This chapter also includes a discussion on the basset clarinet. Chapter 4 studies Lotz’s work with bassoons and contrabassoons. As with Chapter 3, it includes a number of Lotz’s instruments which have not been studied before. It continues the comparative theme and examines not only Viennese instruments, but particularly those by August Grenser, whose bassoons are widely copied by modern makers. The attribution of the surviving flute by Lotz is examined in Chapter 5. Lotz’s involvement with the flute is examined through documentary evidence and the output of his students is examined in order to determine his level of influence on this instrument. Chapter 6 is a study of the two surviving oboe fragments by Lotz as well as the surviving cor anglais. As internal measurements have been impossible to obtain for many of these instruments, the comparative study has instead focussed on external aspects of decoration and design. The conclusion gives a summation of the evidence presented in the preceding chapters and is used to demonstrate Lotz’s unique contributions as an instrument maker and his impact on the future and design of woodwind instruments.

This portfolio presents seven compositions composed for different instrumental and vocal forces, accompanied by a commentary and recordings of some of these works. Across the seven pieces there has been a concern with building longer-term structures; establishing a stronger developmental style; and with moving towards a more systematised approach to harmony as a way of creating a harmonic language that can underpin development more efficiently.  Several of the works show a direct engagement with the issue of form, which is approached from the perspective of Classical models, the listener’s perception and in the context of a highly chromatic harmonic language.  In contrast, two works (<i>Aubade</i> and <i>So Turn Your Heart</i>) engage more directly with diatonic models of harmony. The dominant concern across all the works presented has been the desire to create developmental, direct music in which the notion of transformation, rather than stasis and ritual, are of paramount importance.  From a melodic, harmonic and structural point of view each work represents different ways in which this has been attempted. The commentary that accompanies the works explores many of these ideas in more detail as well as setting out the origins and development of each composition. There is also an explanation as to how the initial material was decided upon and utilised during the compositional process. The commentary then concludes with a summary of what has been achieved over the course of the programme and where this might lead in the future.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo demonstrar a relevância da reestruturação técnica de uma obra, ou seja, uma reelaboração musical às particularidades de novos meios, focando o clarinete baixo como instrumento central, desencadeando um futuro aprimoramento e adequação aos novos recursos do instrumento e à sua linguagem. Além deste, o trabalho teve como finalidade apontar a proposição de um experimento deste instrumento a um repertório original não idiomático. Para tanto, o procedimento metodológico utilizado observou como referências as reelaborações já realizadas e compreendeu as maneiras com que foram concebidas. O trabalho contribuiu com o desenvolvimento teórico e prático da pesquisa em reelaborações para clarinete baixo, desta forma, favorecendo a disposição de um novo vetor experimental, baseado nas reelaborações feitas. Assim, conclui-se que esta pesquisa, diferentemente do rigor e fidelidade a qual geralmente a reelaboração é aplicada, enfatizou o processo como ferramenta criativa e dialógica. / The present study aimed to demonstrate the relevance of the technical restructuring of a work, that is, a musical reelaboration to the particularities of new media, focusing on the bass clarinet as a central instrument, triggering a future improvement and adaptation to the new resources of the instrument and its language. Besides this, the purpose of the work was to point out the proposition of an experiment of this instrument to an original non-idiomatic repertoire. In order to do so, the methodological procedure used observed references as reworkings already performed and understood the ways in which one was carried out. The work contributed to the theoretical and practical development of the research in reelaborations for bass clarinet, in this way, favoring the arrangement of a new experimental vector, based on the reelaborations made. Thus, it is concluded that this research, in contrast to the rigor and fidelity to which the reelaboration is usually applied, emphasized the process as a creative and dialogical tool.

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-02-09T18:23:59Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Taís Vilar Vieira - 2014.pdf: 3009615 bytes, checksum: 424c1ea05c5b36490f48d350ff6d2131 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-02-09T18:25:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Taís Vilar Vieira - 2014.pdf: 3009615 bytes, checksum: 424c1ea05c5b36490f48d350ff6d2131 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-09T18:25:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Taís Vilar Vieira - 2014.pdf: 3009615 bytes, checksum: 424c1ea05c5b36490f48d350ff6d2131 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-31 / This work has as its object of study the piece "Cenas Cariocas, 2ª Suíte" for Bb clarinet and piano. José Guerra Vicente (1906-1976), a Portuguese composer that became a Brazilian citizen, wrote this piece in 1964, during his nationalist phase. The main objective of this research is to offer an interpretive discussion of the work, focusing on the clarinet part. Historical, structural and technical aspects are addressed. The methodology has included a literature review, an analysis of the work, interviews and questionnaires. As a result, information that may bring contributions to the construction of interpretations of the version for clarinet and piano work are presented. / Este trabalho tem como objeto de estudo a obra “Cenas Cariocas, 2ª Suíte” para clarineta em Si bemol e piano. José Guerra Vicente (1906-1976), compositor português naturalizado brasileiro, escreveu esta obra em 1964, durante sua fase nacionalista. O objetivo principal desta pesquisa é realizar uma discussão interpretativa da obra, com foco na parte de clarineta. São abordados aspectos históricos, estruturais e técnicos. A metodologia adotada incluiu revisão de literatura, análise da obra, entrevistas e questionários. Como resultado, são apresentadas informações que poderão trazer contribuições na construção de interpretações da versão para clarineta e piano da obra.