Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-05-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:31:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 carvalho_db_me_sjrp.pdf: 1649413 bytes, checksum: 0ac4714a8b68e2f57418348441007ee7 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O sistema sangüíneo ABO (sABO) é o mais importante sistema na compatibilidade de grupos sangüíneos. Muitas pesquisas têm mostrado associações deste sistema com várias doenças infecciosas, inclusive a malária. Este estudo avaliou a associação entre os genótipos do sistema histo-sangüíneo ABO e a malária não grave causada pelo Plasmodium falciparum. A genotipagem dos grupos sangüíneos do sistema ABO foi feita de acordo com o protocolo de PCR/ RFLP, em amostras de indivíduos maláricos e não maláricos de áreas da Amazônia brasileira. O genótipo homozigoto ABO*O01O01 foi prevalente tanto nos maláricos quanto nos doadores de sangue. O genótipo ABO*AB representou cerca de 3% da população infectada e 5% da não infectada. Não foram verificadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes na comparação das freqüências alélicas e genotípicas do sABO entre pacientes e grupo controle, mesmo quando foram analisados apenas indivíduos com infecções puras de P. falciparum. A freqüência do sABO na Amazônia brasileira pode estar relacionada com a baixa freqüência de malária grave pelo P. falciparum. Portanto, os genótipos encontrados no sistema ABO dos indivíduos maláricos e não maláricos pode promover relevantes informações, para o entendimento da epidemiologia da malária grave por P. falciparum na Amazônia brasileira. / The ABO blood system (sABO) is the most important system on the blood groups compatibility. Several studies have shown its associations with various infectious diseases, including malaria. This study evaluated the association between the ABO histo-blood genotypes and non-severe malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. PCR/RFLP protocol had be used for both ABO blood group system genotyping in malaria suffering individuals and blood donors, from malaria areas of the Brazilian Amazon. The homozygous genotype ABO*O01O01 was prevalent in both malaria and the blood donors. The genotype ABO*AB represented about 3% of the infected population and 5% of non-infected. No statistically significant differences were observed in sABO genotypic and allelic frequencies of patients and the control group, even when individuals were analyzed only with pure infection of P. falciparum. The frequency of sABO in the Brazilian Amazon may be related to the low frequency of non-severe malaria P. falciparum. Therefore, the genotypes found in the ABO blood system in malaric and non-malaric individuals can promote relevant information for the understanding of the severe malaria by P. falciparum epidemiology in the Brazilian Amazon. Keywords: Malaria; ABO blood group system; Plasmodium falciparum.

ABO blood type has been shown to be associated with both cardiovascular risk and toxicity‐preventing activity (TxPA) stress response in elderly males. Twenty middle‐aged, healthy males, 14 blood type A and six blood type O, were involved in this project. Volunteers completed a battery of psychological assessments, then gave blood and had several psychophysiological measures taken prior to, during and after two stressors. The stressors consisted of mental arithmetic tasks plus audiotapes of combat sounds and a baby crying. The anger‐out and hard‐driving scores of blood type O subjects were significantly higher than the blood type A means. TxPA decreased significantly as a function of stress and some suggestive blood type effects of TxPA were found. Plasma protein, microhematocrit, plasma cortisol, finger temperature, skin conductance, blood pressure and two facial electromyograph (EMG) variables were also significantly affected by stressors but not by the blood type factor. No significant differences of any kind were found for total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein or pulse variables. The importance of age and other individual subject characteristics was discussed.

No description available.

Submitted by Fabíola Silva (fabiola.silva@famerp.br) on 2018-01-09T11:15:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marcospaulomiola_dissert.pdf: 10829870 bytes, checksum: 279acd690e09b25b71e67463ae29eb6b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-09T11:15:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marcospaulomiola_dissert.pdf: 10829870 bytes, checksum: 279acd690e09b25b71e67463ae29eb6b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-13 / Introduction. ABO histo-blood group system is the most important transfusional system and the identification of its phenotypes is often performed by means of direct and reverse typing, which must always present concordant results. However, some genetic factors such as natural chimerisms and point mutations in the ABO gene may affect the expression of the antigens and antibodies of this system, contributing to the discrepancy in the phenotyping, requiring investigations to define the correct phenotype of receptors and blood donors. Objectives. The main objective of this study was to investigate the variations in the expression of the antigens of the ABO histo-blood group system. Its specific objectives were: 1. Selection of recipients and blood donors that presented discrepancies between the results of the direct and reverse phenotyping of the ABO histo-blood group system; 2. Investigation, using serological and molecular methods, of the causes of phenotypic changes and discrepancies between the results of direct and reverse phenotypes in the ABO histo-blood group system in the recipients and donors of blood. Material and Methods. Samples of recipients (n = 2) and blood donors (n = 7) presenting discrepancies between the direct and reverse phenotyping were selected. Phenotyping were performed using conventional and modified hemagglutination methods in tubes and gel columns with commercial antisera and lectins. Molecular investigations were performed using PCR-RFLP method and sequencing of exons 6 and 7 of the ABO gene and exon 2 of the FUT2 gene. Results. Four cases with poor expression of antigen A and absence of expected antibody, observed in hemagglutination, were identified as A2B, Ael and Aw. Four cases without antigenic alteration but carrying an irregular antibody anti-A1 or absence of expected antibody were characterized as AB, A1 and O and presented common ABO alleles. A case of non-dizygotic twins, phenotyped as AB and with double red blood cell population was characterized as hematopoietic chimera after extensive family analysis. The DNA extracted from buccal swab revealed the ABO (A101/B101) and FUT2 (SE*25.01.01/SE*25.01.01) genotypes in the male twin and the ABO (O01/O02) and FUT2 (SE*01.04.01/SE*01.06.03) genotypes in the female twin. Sequences of two new ABO (ABO*Aw.38; KT906366.1) and FUT2 (SE*01.06.03; KX550421) allele sequences were deposited on GenBank. Conclusions. Our results demonstrate that the use of serum and salivary serological assays combined with molecular methods are good tools to solving discrepancies between the direct and reverse phenotyping of the ABO histo-blood group system as well as elucidate cases of twin chimerism in humans, with a double population of red blood cells. In addition, they contribute to the identification of new alleles of the ABO and FUT2 genes. / Introdução. O sistema histo-sanguíneo ABO é o de maior importância transfusional e a identificação de seus fenótipos é frequentemente realizada por meios das tipagens direta e reversa as quais sempre devem apresentar resultados concordantes. Entretanto, alguns fatores genéticos como quimerismos naturais e mutações pontuais no gene ABO, podem afetar a expressão dos antígenos e anticorpos deste sistema, contribuindo com a discrepância nas fenotipagens, requerendo investigações para se definir o correto fenótipo de receptores e doadores de sangue. Objetivos. O objetivo geral deste estudo foi investigar as variações na expressão dos antígenos do sistema histo-sanguíneo ABO. Seus objetivos específicos compreenderam: 1. Seleção de receptores e doadores de sangue que apresentaram discrepâncias entre os resultados das fenotipagens direta e reversa do sistema histo-sanguíneo ABO; 2. Investigação, com o uso de métodos sorológicos e moleculares, das causas das alterações fenotípicas e discrepâncias entre os resultados das fenotipagens direta e reversa no sistema histo-sanguíneo ABO nos receptores e doadores de sangue. Material e Método. Foram selecionadas amostras de receptores (n=2) e doadores (n=7) de sangue com discrepâncias entre as fenotipagens direta e reversa. As fenotipagens foram realizadas com o uso dos métodos de hemaglutinação convencional e modificada, em tubos e colunas de gel, com antissoros comerciais e lectinas. As investigações moleculares foram realizadas com o uso dos métodos PCR-RFLP e sequenciamento dos exons 6 e 7 do gene ABO e do exon 2 do gene FUT2. Resultados: Quatro casos com fraca expressão do antígeno A e ausência do anticorpo esperado, observados na hemaglutinação, foram identificados como A2B, Ael e Aw. Quatro casos sem alteração antigênica, mas com presença de anticorpo irregular ou ausência do anticorpo esperado, foram caracterizados como AB, A1 e O e apresentaram alelos comuns. Um caso de gêmeos não dizigóticos, fenotipados como AB e com dupla população de hemácias foi caracterizado como quimera hematopoiética, após extensa análise familiar. O DNA extraído de swab bucal revelou os genótipos ABO (A101/B101) e FUT2 (SE*25.01.01/SE*25.01.01) no gêmeo masculino e os genótipos ABO (O01/O02) e FUT2 (SE*01.04.01/SE*01.06.03) no gêmeo feminino. As sequências de dois novos alelos dos genes ABO (ABO*Aw.38; KT906366.1) e FUT2 (SE*01.06.03; KX550421) foram depositadas no GenBank. Conclusões: Nossos resultados demonstram que o uso de análises sorológicas eritrocitárias e salivares combinadas a métodos moleculares são fundamentais na resolução de discrepâncias entre as fenotipagens direta e reversa do sistema histo-sanguíneo ABO bem como no esclarecimento de casos de quimerismo gemelar em humanos, contendo dupla população de hemácias. Além disso, contribuem para a identificação de novos alelos dos genes ABO e FUT2.

Submitted by Carvalho Dias João Paulo (joao.dias@famerp.br) on 2018-04-04T14:58:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 lucienedlmiguel_dissert.pdf: 1447414 bytes, checksum: 582a83d74f76a4f73fb4a4901c2660c6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-04T14:58:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lucienedlmiguel_dissert.pdf: 1447414 bytes, checksum: 582a83d74f76a4f73fb4a4901c2660c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-08 / Introduction: Oral mucositis is one of the most frequent diseases resulting from the side effects of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy. In addition to compromising the quality of life, it increases the risk of infections, especially in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. However, genetic risk factors related to the susceptibility to this disease have not been fully clarified. Objectives: The aim of this study was to verify whether there is an association between ABO blood group phenotyping and oral mucositis. Methods: Data were selected from two hundred twenty nine records of patients undergoing HSCT in the Unit of Bone Marrow Transplantation of Hospital de Base São José do Rio Preto; out from the underlying disease between March 2006 and March 2012. Group 1 (G1) comprised data from patients with mucositis demonstrations after HSCT; Group 2 (G2) comprised patients without data mucositis demonstrations after HSCT. The Chi-Square and Fisher Exact tests were used for comparison of proportions between patients with and without oral mucositis and other risk factors. The mean of ages was calculated using the t test. The values of Odds Ratio (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) of 95% were also calculated (p <0.05). Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in the frequency of erythrocyte phenotypes of the ABO blood group in patients with and without oral mucositis (χ2: 2.654, p = 0.448, DF = 3). Statistically significant differences were found between the frequencies of the ABO blood group phenotypes when comparisons were related to the type of transplantation, conditioning and degree of oral mucositis. Conclusion: ABO blood group is not associated to the occurrence of oral mucositis in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. / Introdução: Mucosite oral é uma das mais frequentes doenças resultantes dos efeitos colaterais de quimioterápicos e radioterápicos. Além de comprometer a qualidade de vida, aumenta os riscos de infecções, especialmente em pacientes submetidos ao transplante de medula óssea. Contudo, fatores de risco genéticos envolvidos na suscetibilidade a esta doença ainda não foram totalmente esclarecidos. Objetivos: O objetivo geral deste estudo foi verificar se há associação entre os fenótipos eritrocitários do sistema histo-sanguíneo ABO e a mucosite oral. Casuística e Método: Foram selecionados dados de duzentos e vinte nove prontuários de pacientes submetidos ao TCPH na Unidade de Transplante de Medula Óssea do Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto, independente da doença de base, entre Março de 2006 e Março de 2012. O grupo 1 (G1) compreendeu dados de pacientes com manifestações de mucosite, após o TCPH; o grupo 2 (G2) compreendeu dados de pacientes sem manifestações de mucosite, após o TCPH. Os testes exato de Fisher e qui-quadrado foram utilizados para comparação das proporções entre pacientes com e sem mucosite oral e outros fatores de risco. As médias de idade foram calculadas com o uso do teste t. Os valores de Odds Ratio (OR) e de intervalos de confiança (IC) a 95% também foram calculados (p<0,05). Resultados: Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes nas frequências dos fenótipos eritrocitários do sistema histo-sanguíneo ABO em pacientes com e sem mucosite oral (χ2: 2.654, p = 0.448, GL = 3). Também não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre as frequências dos fenótipos eritrocitários ABO quando as comparações compreenderam tipo de transplante, condicionamento e graus de mucosite oral. Conclusão: O sistema histo-sanguíneo ABO não está associado à ocorrência de mucosite oral em pacientes submetidos ao transplante de medula óssea.

Thesis (M.Sc. (Clinical Pathology))--Mahidol University, 1978.

Serological discrepancies in matching blood group antigens between donors and patients for blood transfusion may lead to alloimmunisation, especially in multiply transfused patients. Blood group genotyping (BGG) has contributed in reducing this issue. ABO, Fy and Jk antigens are among those to be causative for alloimmunisation through transfusion or pregnancy. The number of alleles of these clinically significant blood groups is ever increasing. Currently, all commercially available high-throughput BGG platforms are only based on pre-defined polymorphisms. Consequently, novel or rare alleles that might have clinical significance are not identified. Next generation sequencing (NGS) circumvents this issue by providing high-throughput comprehensive genotyping of blood group genes in discovery mode to find all existing and novel mutations. Accordingly, a large number of individuals can be genotyped in a single run. Here, we describe an NGS-based method coupled with long-range polymerase chain reaction (LR-PCR) for high-throughput, rapid and extensive genotyping of FY, JK and ABO blood group genes. The Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGMTM) was used for sequencing the entire FY, JK and ABO blood group genes including flanking regions. Accordingly, high resolution genotyping was obtained. 53 genomic DNA samples were sequenced and genotyped for FY, 67 for JK and 47 for ABO. Sequencing data were aligned to the gene reference sequence derived from the human genome (hg19) to analyse variants. Analysis was accomplished by software packages, such as Ion Torrent SuiteTM plugins. Sanger sequencing of cDNA and cDNA clones was used to confirm findings in the JK gene. The sequencing data had a coverage depth of more than 5000x for FY, 700x for JK and 600x for ABO. NGS data matched with the serological phenotypes of FY alleles FY*A, FY*B and FY*02 Null main polymorphisms, such as FY*A/FY*B (125G > A) in exon 2 and (-67 T > C) in the promotor region. JK variant analysis revealed that the JK*01W.01 allele (130G > A) is common (10/67 samples) with normal antigenicity. The previously described silencing polymorphism (810G > A), leading to a purported JK*B null allele, restores a splice site and does not correlate with loss of Jkb antigenicity (10/67 samples). JK intron analysis revealed several new JK alleles described in this thesis. All 7 exons, introns and the flanking regions of the ABO gene were covered by only four amplicons. Several rare O alleles were found, such as O73 and O75, while one suggested novel O allele was characterised by a missense SNP 482G > A (Arg161His) in exon 7. The ABO reference sequence from hg19 appeared to resemble (O01 and O02) alleles. The intronic SNPs might be used to distinguish between alleles more accurately as a correlation of the intronic SNPs with the alleles was noted for the homozygous O alleles. It is predicted that NGS-based genotyping will replace not only microarray-based genotyping but also serology in the blood group typing of individuals, with great advancements in technology and molecular knowledge being expected in the near future.

O sistema sanguíneo ABO é o mais importante grupo sanguíneo na medicina transfusional. Atualmente, a determinação do tipo sanguíneo dos doadores de sangue é feita através de testes sorológicos rotineiros de laboratório, porém outros testes realizados com o DNA humano obtido de amostra de sangue, tornam-se complementos valiosos para a determinação correta do grupo sanguíneo do doador e do receptor, aumentando a segurança transfusional. Estudos realizados com o grupo sanguíneo A3 e A3B demonstraram que este subgrupo possui um alto grau de heterogeneidade, uma vez que diversos eventos moleculares foram associados a ele, embora apenas um pequeno número de amostras tenha sido testado até hoje. Nesse trabalho, foi investigada a frequência e os tipos de eventos moleculares do grupo sanguíneo A3 e A3B em um grupo de 100 doadores de sangue. Para seleção desse grupo foram analisadas 12.283 amostras de doadores de sangue saudáveis de ambos os sexos do grupo sanguíneo A e AB obtidas na Fundação Pró-Sangue/Hemocentro de São Paulo, pelos métodos teste em tubo e gel teste. Obtiveram-se 13 amostras A3 e 87 amostras A3B. Após extração e quantificação do DNA genômico das amostras utilizou-se amplificação do DNA pela técnica de reação da polimerase em cadeia alelo específico (PCR-ASP) para as regiões 467C>T, 829G>A, 871G>A e 1060C>A (del C) do exon 7 do gene ABO. Os resultados de amplificação das regiões estudadas apontam para um novo genótipo, aqui denominado A30*/ , presente em 30,7% das amostras A3 e em 58,6% das amostras A3B (A30*/B10*) (necessária a confirmação por sequenciamento); detectou-se também o genótipo A302/A301 em 30,7% das amostras A3 e o genótipo A302/B104 em 17,1% das amostras A3B; outros genótipos já descritos para subgrupo A3 (A301/A301, A302/A302, uma amostra de cada) foram também verificados bem como presença da mutação na região 871G>A em 9 amostras A3 ; verificou-se também que mutações nas regiões 467 C>T e 1060 C>A (del C), anteriormente descritas somente em indivíduos A2 e A2B, são muito frequentes em indivíduos A3 e A3B. / ABO blood system is the most important blood group in transfusional medicine. Actualy, the blood group type in blood donors and receptors is determined by serological laboratorial tests, complemented by human DNA blood tests that assure the correct blood group determination for the blood donor and receptor, optimizing transfusional safety. Studies on blood subgroup A3 e A3B demonstrated a large subgroup heterogenity, with various associated molecular changes in small sample groups tested. At present study, it was proposed investigation about the frequency and the types of molecular alterations occuring among 100 blood donors samples phenotyped as A3 e A3B. These samples are selected after tub and gel tests analysis of 12.283 A and AB samples of healthy blood donors of both sex from Fundação Pró-Sangue/Hemocentro de São Paulo. Thirteen A3 and 87 A3B samples were selected, each sample genomic DNA was extracted and quantified and it was performed DNA amplification by alellic specific polimerase chain reaction (PCR-ASP). It was studied exon 7 ABO gene mutations 467C>T, 829G>A, 871G>A and 1060C>A (del C). Amplification results pointed that a new genotipe is present at these A3 and A3B subgroup, named in this study as the A30*/ genotipe (sequencing confirmation needed); these genotipe is present in 30.7% A3 samples and in 58.6% A3B samples (A30*/B10*). However, it was detected the ulterior decrived genotipes: A302 present in 30.7% A3 samples (A302/A301) and in 17.1% A3B samples (A302/B104); for subgroup A3 it was observed the genotipes A301/A301, A302/A302 (one sample each) and the presence of 871G>A mutation at 9 A3 samples; 467 C>T and 1060 C>A (del C) exon 7 ABO gene mutations descrived at A2 e A2B samples, are very frequents at these A3 e A3B samples tested.

Submitted by Fabíola Silva (fabiola.silva@famerp.br) on 2018-02-07T18:29:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ulissescamargo_tese.pdf: 700757 bytes, checksum: 68231dab9197a8717320c0e887f2b2f6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-07T18:29:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ulissescamargo_tese.pdf: 700757 bytes, checksum: 68231dab9197a8717320c0e887f2b2f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-22 / Introduction. The spondyloarthritis encomprises a group of diseases strongly associated with HLA-B*27 gene. It has been proposed that genes not belonging to the major histocompatibility complex human influence the genesis of these diseases especially in patients HLA-B*27 negative. Objectives. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the antigens of the ABO, Secretor and Lewis histo-blood systems are associated with spondyloarthritis, especially ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Material and methods. Three hundred and ninety-four patients with clinical suspicion of spondyloarthritis sent for identification of HLA-B*27 gene were analyzed. One hundred and nineteen (30.2%) had confirmed the diagnosis of spondyloarthritis according to the ASAS criteria. The remaining 275 (69.8%) were used as controls. The identification of HLA-B*27 gene was performed using the PCR-SSOP method. The identification of the antigens of the ABO, Secretor and Lewis histo-blood systems was performed using hemagglutination and PCR-RFLP methods. The exact Fisher's test, the chi-square, and the values of Odds Ratio (OR) and Confidence Interval set at 95% were calculated using the GraphPad INSTAT software, accepting the error of 5%. Results. No statistically significant differences were observed in the frequency of antigenic profiles of ABO (χ2: 1.152; p = 0.764; GL: 3), Secreto (χ2: 0.779; p = 0.377; GL: 1) and Lewis (χ2: 1.853; p = 0.396; GL: 2) histo-blood groups between patients and controls. The Lea antigen was more frequent in patients with AS compared to controls (OR: 1.833; 95% CI: 1025- 3284, p = 0.053). This antigen was strongly associated with AS in HLA-B*27 negative patients compared to controls (OR: 4.469; 95% CI: 1931-10342; p = 0.0007). This association remained only in males in the absence of HLA-B*27 gene (OR: 6.880; 95% CI: 1852-25564; p = 0.004). Conclusions. AS is associated to the Lea antigen in HLAB* 27 negative male patients. / Introdução. As espondiloartrites compreendem um grupo de doenças fortemente associadas ao gene HLA-B*27. Tem sido proposto que genes não pertencentes ao complexo principal de histocompatibilidade humano influenciam a gênese destas doenças especialmente nos pacientes HLA-B*27 negativos. Objetivos. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar a hipótese de que os antígenos dos sistemas histo-sanguíneos ABO, Secretor e Lewis estão associados à espondiloartrites, especialmente a espondilite anquilosante (EA). Material e método. Foram analisados 394 pacientes com suspeita clínica de espondiloartrites encaminhados para identificação do gene HLA-B*27. Cento e dezenove (30,2%) tiveram o diagnóstico de espondiloartrite confirmado de acordo com os critérios ASAS. Os 275 (69,8%) restantes compuseram o grupo controle. A identificação do gene HLA-B*27 foi realizada com o uso do método PCR-SSOP. A caracterização dos antígenos dos sistemas histo-sanguíneos ABO, Secretor e Lewis foi realizada com o uso dos métodos hemaglutinação e PCR-RFLP. O teste exato de Fisher, o qui-quadrado, os valores de Odds Ratio (OR) e do intervalo de confiança a 95% foram calculados com o uso do software GraphPad Instat, aceitando o erro de 5%. Resultados. Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes nas frequências dos perfis antigênicos dos sistemas histo-sanguíneos ABO (χ2: 1.152; p=0,764; GL: 3), Secretor (χ2: 0.779; p=0,377; GL: 1) e Lewis (χ2: 1.853; p=0,396; GL: 2) de pacientes e controles. Foi observada maior frequência do antígeno Lea em pacientes com EA, comparados aos controles (OR: 1.833; IC 95%: 1.025 – 3.284; p=0,053). Este antígeno mostrou-se fortemente associado à EA em pacientes HLA-B*27 negativos comparados aos controles (OR: 4.469; IC 95%: 1.931 – 10.342; p=0,0007). Esta associação se manteve apenas no gênero masculino na ausência do gene HLA-B*27 (OR: 6.880; IC 95%: 1.852 – 25.564; p = 0,004). Conclusões. A EA está associada ao antígeno Lea nos pacientes masculinos HLA-B*27 negativos.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.