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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Χρονικά εξαρτώμενες συσχετίσεις μεταξύ τεσσάρων ευρωπαϊκών χωρών των αγορών κεφαλαίου και ομολόγων / Time varying correlations between stock and bonds returns in four European countries

Καραχρήστος, Απόστολος 11 July 2013 (has links)
Σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης είναι να εξετάσουμε την σχέση που υπάρχει μεταξύ της χρηματιστηριακής αγοράς και αυτής των αποδόσεων των ομολόγων σε τέσσερις χώρες της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης (Γερμανίας, Ιταλίας, Ισπανίας και Γαλλίας) για την περίοδο από τον Δεκέμβριο 1999 έως τον Δεκέμβριο του 2012. Προσπαθήσαμε να εξετάσουμε το κατά πόσο υπάρχουν συσχετίσεις μεταξύ των δύο περιουσιακών στοιχείων σε μεγάλο χρονικό διάστημα χρησιμοποιώντας πολυμεταβλητά μοντέλα. Τα δεδομένα που πήραμε είναι οι ημερήσιες αποδόσεις των 10ετών ομολόγων και τα κλεισίματα των χρηματιστηριακών αγορών των χωρών αυτών για κάθε μία ξεχωριστά. Ξεκινάμε την ερευνά μας χρησιμοποιώντας το μοντέλο του GARCH του Bollerslev (1990). Τέλος μέσω της συνολοκλήρωσης με την διαδικασία του Johansen test θα εξετάσουμε το κατά πόσο οι σειρές μας ολοκληρώνονται μακροχρόνια επηρεάζοντας η μία την άλλη καθώς και την μεταξύ τους εξάρτηση και την αιτιότητα των εν λόγω σχέσεων. Η εργασίας μας έχει ως στόχο να μας δείξει το κατά πόσο υπάρχει μακροχρόνια συσχέτιση μεταξύ των δύο αυτών αγορών, ώστε να βοηθά τους διαχειριστές και οικονομικούς αναλυτές να δημιουργούν το χαρτοφυλάκιο με το μικρότερο κίνδυνο και την μεγαλύτερη απόδοση. Τα αποτελέσματα μας δείχνουν μία μακροχρόνια συσχέτιση μεταξύ αυτών των δύο αγορών και ότι η μία αγορά επηρεάζει την άλλη σε βάθος χρόνου, οπότε είναι χρήσιμο σε ένα χαρτοφυλάκιο να υπάρχουν και τα δύο περιουσιακά στοιχεία. / The purpose of this study is to look at the relationship between stock market and bond market in four European Countries (Germany, France, Spain and Italy) for the period of December 1999 to December 2012. We attempt to examine whether the correlations between two classes of assets are time varying by using multivariate conditional volatility models. The data we are daily yields on 10-year bonds and the closures of the stock markets of these countries for each one individually. We start our investigation by applying GARCH model of Bollerslev (1990). Finally, through co integration with the process of Johansen test will look at whether our series completed long influencing each other and their mutual dependence and causality of these relations. Our paper aims to show us whether there is a long correlation between these two markets in order to help managers and financial analysts to create a portfolio with less risk and greater efficiency. Our results show a long-term correlation between these two markets and one market affects the other in the long run, so it is useful to have a portfolio of both assets.
2

Análise da volatilidade dos mercados de renda fixa e renda variável de países emergentes e desenvolvidos no período de 2000 a 2011 / Analysis of volatility of fixed income market and stock market of emerging and developed countries in the period 2000-2011

Rossetti, Nara 15 August 2013 (has links)
O presente trabalho analisou as volatilidades dos mercados de renda fixa e variável de onze países, sendo eles: Brasil, Rússia, Índia, China, África do Sul (neste país apenas renda fixa), Argentina, Chile, México, Estados Unidos, Alemanha e Japão no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2011. Os indicadores utilizados para representar cada mercado foram os índices dos mercados de ações e as taxas de juros interbancárias. Para tanto, o estudo se utilizou de modelos de heterocedasticidade condicional auto-regressiva: ARCH, GARCH, EGARCH, TGARCH e PGARCH, verificando quais destes processos eram mais eficientes para modelagem da volatilidade dos mercados dos países da amostra. Esta pesquisa também verificou qual dos modelos (ARIMA ou modelos GARCH e suas extensões) conseguiria prever melhor as séries de tempo analisadas. Além disso, por meio dos índices de correlação, covariância e causalidade Granger, foram comparados os retornos e a volatilidade do mercado de ações entre os países BRIC, entre os países latinos americanos e entre os países desenvolvidos e o Brasil. Os resultados sugerem que a volatilidade, tanto do mercado de renda fixa quanto do mercado de renda variável, é mais bem modelada por processos GARCH assimétricos (EGARCH e TGARCH), demonstrando efeitos de alavancagem nas séries estudadas. Quanto aos modelos de previsão, os modelos ARIMA, também para os dois mercados, mostrou-se mais eficiente que os modelos GARCH e suas extensões. Além disso, as volatilidades dos mercados de ações entre os países analisados parecem ser mais correlacionadas e possuir maior causalidade Granger do que os retornos destes países. Entre os dois mercados, renda fixa e variável dentro de cada país, as correlações dos retornos e da volatilidade são muito baixas, em algumas vezes negativa, e há pouca relação de causalidade Granger. / This study analyzed the volatility of fixed income and stocks markets for eleven countries, namely: Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa (just fixed income), Argentina, Chile, Mexico, United States, Germany and Japan from January 2000 to December 2011, using interbank interest rate as a fixed income market indicator and stock index to each country, as a stock market indicator. Therefore, the study used models of autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity: ARCH, GARCH, EGARCH, TGARCH e PGARCH to verify which of these processes were more effective for in volatility modeling in each country. This research also found that the models (ARIMA or GARCH models and their extensions) could be used as the best forecast models. Moreover, by means of correlation coefficients, covariance and Granger causality, were used to compare the returns and volatility of the stock market among the BRIC countries, among the Latin American countries and between developed countries and Brazil. The results suggest that the volatility of both the fixed income market as the stock market is best modeled by processes asymmetric GARCH (EGARCH and TGARCH) demonstrating leverage effects in the time series. Regarding prediction ARIMA models was more efficient for both markets than GARCH models and extensions. In addition, the volatility of stock markets across countries analyzed seem to be more correlated and have higher Granger causality than returns these countries. Between the two markets, for each country, the correlations of returns and volatility are very low, if not positive, and there is low Granger causality.
3

Análise da volatilidade dos mercados de renda fixa e renda variável de países emergentes e desenvolvidos no período de 2000 a 2011 / Analysis of volatility of fixed income market and stock market of emerging and developed countries in the period 2000-2011

Nara Rossetti 15 August 2013 (has links)
O presente trabalho analisou as volatilidades dos mercados de renda fixa e variável de onze países, sendo eles: Brasil, Rússia, Índia, China, África do Sul (neste país apenas renda fixa), Argentina, Chile, México, Estados Unidos, Alemanha e Japão no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2011. Os indicadores utilizados para representar cada mercado foram os índices dos mercados de ações e as taxas de juros interbancárias. Para tanto, o estudo se utilizou de modelos de heterocedasticidade condicional auto-regressiva: ARCH, GARCH, EGARCH, TGARCH e PGARCH, verificando quais destes processos eram mais eficientes para modelagem da volatilidade dos mercados dos países da amostra. Esta pesquisa também verificou qual dos modelos (ARIMA ou modelos GARCH e suas extensões) conseguiria prever melhor as séries de tempo analisadas. Além disso, por meio dos índices de correlação, covariância e causalidade Granger, foram comparados os retornos e a volatilidade do mercado de ações entre os países BRIC, entre os países latinos americanos e entre os países desenvolvidos e o Brasil. Os resultados sugerem que a volatilidade, tanto do mercado de renda fixa quanto do mercado de renda variável, é mais bem modelada por processos GARCH assimétricos (EGARCH e TGARCH), demonstrando efeitos de alavancagem nas séries estudadas. Quanto aos modelos de previsão, os modelos ARIMA, também para os dois mercados, mostrou-se mais eficiente que os modelos GARCH e suas extensões. Além disso, as volatilidades dos mercados de ações entre os países analisados parecem ser mais correlacionadas e possuir maior causalidade Granger do que os retornos destes países. Entre os dois mercados, renda fixa e variável dentro de cada país, as correlações dos retornos e da volatilidade são muito baixas, em algumas vezes negativa, e há pouca relação de causalidade Granger. / This study analyzed the volatility of fixed income and stocks markets for eleven countries, namely: Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa (just fixed income), Argentina, Chile, Mexico, United States, Germany and Japan from January 2000 to December 2011, using interbank interest rate as a fixed income market indicator and stock index to each country, as a stock market indicator. Therefore, the study used models of autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity: ARCH, GARCH, EGARCH, TGARCH e PGARCH to verify which of these processes were more effective for in volatility modeling in each country. This research also found that the models (ARIMA or GARCH models and their extensions) could be used as the best forecast models. Moreover, by means of correlation coefficients, covariance and Granger causality, were used to compare the returns and volatility of the stock market among the BRIC countries, among the Latin American countries and between developed countries and Brazil. The results suggest that the volatility of both the fixed income market as the stock market is best modeled by processes asymmetric GARCH (EGARCH and TGARCH) demonstrating leverage effects in the time series. Regarding prediction ARIMA models was more efficient for both markets than GARCH models and extensions. In addition, the volatility of stock markets across countries analyzed seem to be more correlated and have higher Granger causality than returns these countries. Between the two markets, for each country, the correlations of returns and volatility are very low, if not positive, and there is low Granger causality.
4

MODELOS DE SÉRIES TEMPORAIS APLICADOS A DADOS DE UMIDADE RELATIVA DO AR / MODELS OF TEMPORAL SERIES APPLIED TO AIR RELATIVE HUMIDITY DATA

Tibulo, Cleiton 11 December 2014 (has links)
Time series model have been used in many areas of knowledge and have become a current necessity for companies to survive in a globalized and competitive market, as well as climatic factors that have always been a concern because of the different ways they interfere in human life. In this context, this work aims to present a comparison among the performances by the following models of time series: ARIMA, ARMAX and Exponential Smoothing, adjusted to air relative humidity (UR) and also to verify the volatility present in the series through non-linear models ARCH/GARCH, adjusted to residues of the ARIMA and ARMAX models. The data were collected from INMET from October, 1st to January, 22nd, 2014. In the comparison of the results and the selection of the best model, the criteria MAPE, EQM, MAD and SSE were used. The results showed that the model ARMAX(3,0), with the inclusion of exogenous variables produced better forecast results, compared to the other models SARMA(3,0)(1,1)12 and the Holt-Winters multiplicative. In the volatility study of the series via non-linear ARCH(1), adjusted to the quadrants of SARMA(3,0)(1,1)12 and ARMAX(3,0) residues, it was observed that the volatility does not tend to influence the future long-term observations. It was then concluded that the classes of models used and compared in this study, for data of a climatologic variable, showed a good performance and adjustment. We highlight the broad usage possibility in the techniques of temporal series when it is necessary to make forecasts and also to describe a temporal process, being able to be used as an efficient support tool in decision making. / Modelos de séries temporais vêm sendo empregados em diversas áreas do conhecimento e têm surgido como necessidade atual para empresas sobreviverem em um mercado globalizado e competitivo, bem como fatores climáticos sempre foram motivo de preocupação pelas diferentes formas que interferem na vida humana. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma comparação do desempenho das classes de modelos de séries temporais ARIMA, ARMAX e Alisamento Exponencial, ajustados a dados de umidade relativa do ar (UR) e verificar a volatilidade presente na série por meio de modelos não-lineares ARCH/GARCH ajustados aos resíduos dos modelos ARIMA e ARMAX. Os dados foram coletados junto ao INMET no período de 01 de outubro de 2001 a 22 de janeiro de 2014. Na comparação dos resultados e na seleção do melhor modelo foram utilizados os critérios MAPE, EQM, MAD e SSE. Os resultados mostraram que o modelo ARMAX(3,0) com a inclusão de variáveis exógenas produziu melhores resultados de previsão em relação aos seus concorrentes SARMA(3,0)(1,1)12 e o Holt-Winters multiplicativo. No estudo da volatilidade da série via modelo não-linear ARCH(1), ajustado aos quadrados dos resíduos dos modelos SARMA(3,0)(1,1)12 e ARMAX(3,0), observou-se que a volatilidade não tende a influenciar as observações futuras em longo prazo. Conclui-se que as classes de modelos utilizadas e comparadas neste estudo, para dados de uma variável climatológica, demonstraram bom desempenho e ajuste. Destaca-se a ampla possibilidade de utilização das técnicas de séries temporais quando se deseja fazer previsões e descrever um processo temporal, podendo ser utilizadas como ferramenta eficiente de apoio nas tomadas de decisão.

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