<p>Detta självständiga arbete i militärteknik behandlar två simuleringsprogram för radarvågutbredning i syfte att undersöka konsekvenserna av dess nyttjande för den taktiske chefen till sjöss. Simuleringsprogrammens användbarhet mäts kvalitativt genom att respektive simuleringsprograms egenskaper ställs mot den taktiske chefens krav. Simulerings-programmen beskrivs utifrån teoretiska egenskaper i respektive program och utvärderas genom simuleringar av en typradar i tre olika vädertypfall. Den taktiske chefens krav grundas på personliga erfarenheter som fartygschef på korvett. Resultatet presenteras i form av positiva och negativa konsekvenser för den taktiske chefen vid nyttjande av respektive program.</p><p> </p> / <p>This is a bachelor thesis in Military Technology which deals with two radar wave propagation simulation programs. The purpose is to examine the consequences of their use for the tactical commander at sea. The simulation programs usability is estimated qualitative by the programs quality and attribute versus the tactical commander demands. The simulation programs are described from their theoretical quality and attribute respectively and evaluated by three simulations of the study’s specific radar in three different weather cases. The tactical commander demands are based on personal experiences as commanding officer of a corvette. The result is presented as positive and negative consequences for the tactical commander when using the simulation programs respectively.</p>

Detta självständiga arbete i militärteknik behandlar två simuleringsprogram för radarvågutbredning i syfte att undersöka konsekvenserna av dess nyttjande för den taktiske chefen till sjöss. Simuleringsprogrammens användbarhet mäts kvalitativt genom att respektive simuleringsprograms egenskaper ställs mot den taktiske chefens krav. Simulerings-programmen beskrivs utifrån teoretiska egenskaper i respektive program och utvärderas genom simuleringar av en typradar i tre olika vädertypfall. Den taktiske chefens krav grundas på personliga erfarenheter som fartygschef på korvett. Resultatet presenteras i form av positiva och negativa konsekvenser för den taktiske chefen vid nyttjande av respektive program. / This is a bachelor thesis in Military Technology which deals with two radar wave propagation simulation programs. The purpose is to examine the consequences of their use for the tactical commander at sea. The simulation programs usability is estimated qualitative by the programs quality and attribute versus the tactical commander demands. The simulation programs are described from their theoretical quality and attribute respectively and evaluated by three simulations of the study’s specific radar in three different weather cases. The tactical commander demands are based on personal experiences as commanding officer of a corvette. The result is presented as positive and negative consequences for the tactical commander when using the simulation programs respectively.

Includes supplemental material / Hostile acts of maritime piracy and terrorism have increased worldwide in recent years, and the global impacts of a successful attack on commercial shipping in the Straits of Malacca make it one of the most tempting target locations for maritime terrorism. In an attempt to develop a system of systems to defeat and prevent terrorism in the Straits of Malacca, this study developed three significant commercial shipping attack scenarios (Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) shipment, Ship As a Weapon (SAW), and Small Boat Attack (SBA)), and used a Systems Engineering Design Process (SEDP) to design alternative architectures that offered promising ways to defeat these attacks. Maritime Domain Protection (MDP) architecture alternatives combined five separate systems: a Land Inspection System, a Sensor System, a Command and Control, Communications, and Intelligence (C3I) System, a Response Force System, and a Sea Inspection System. Individual models for each system were developed and combined into overarching integrated architecture models to evaluate overall performance. The study results showed that solutions tended to be threat-specific, and current capabilities were mixed. While solutions were found to effectively reduce risk in all threat scenarios, these sometimes came at great expense. Alternatively, cost-effective solutions were also found for each scenario, but these sometimes gave limited performance.

Approved for public release; distribution in unlimited. / In Littoral Warfare (LW), naval operations face a whole new range of missions and types of threats. In such situations, Electronic Warfare (EW) systems are extremely important, yet constantly challenged to perform faster and more accurate detection and recognition of potential threats. However, meteorological and oceanographic (METOC) factors can severely modify the effectiveness of EW systems, particularly against low detectable targets in warm waters. Therefore, this thesis analyzes the effects of tropical littoral environments in the expected performance of generic RF and IR systems when used under these scenarios. It analyzes the outputs of propagation models included in the software suites AREPS and TAWS when using actual data from different sources in the Yucatan Channel. The results of this study demonstrated how radically the environmental conditions can change, clearly modifying the efficiency of surveillance and detection systems in shipborne platforms. Further, several issues related to the need of valuable data and additional research are addressed, while providing useful insights to operational commanders and decision makers for the use of EW systems and available Tactical Decision Aids (TDAs) at the typical scenarios of Littoral Warfare in tropical waters. / Lieutenant Commander, Mexican Navy

Approved for public release; distribution in unlimited. / This is a study of abnormal refractive layer occurrence over the Amazon region and possible effects on radar and ESM systems, ground or airborne based. Climatologic data from three stations in that region are analyzed using computations from the Global Tropospheric Experiment (GTE), soundings and satellite imagery. The GTE data provide monthly occurrences and seasonality of atmospheric ducts and superrefractive layers. Further, individual soundings from the March-June 2003 period and the Advanced Refractive Effects Prediction Systems (AREPS) 2.1 software are used in a case study that analyzed these layers and, in addition, subrefractive and multiple layers. Selected soundings were used in simulations to explain the effects of different types of abnormal layers on the electromagnetic propagation. Although abnormal layers did not affect ground systems, airborne ones were. For radar, a region with low or no detection is created when an abnormal layer refracts the electromagnetic energy upwards or downwards. Some combinations of multiple layers may cause effects even stronger. It is concluded that knowledge of the abnormal layers occurrence is important for operations in the Amazon region. Further, airborne radar platforms should measure local refractive conditions, if possible. A comprehensive study in time and space is recommended to provide forecasting. / Lieutenant Colonel, Brazilian Air Force