The present study investigated the Anger IAT as a valid measure of anger. In order to answer this question the relationship between the Anger IAT and traditional measures of anger, anxiety, and self esteem were examined for convergent and divergent validity. It was hypothesized that the Anger IAT measure would be moderately to highly correlated with the State Trait Anger Expression Inventory- 2 (STAXI-2), correlated less with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and correlated least with the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES). Additionally, to demonstrate that the Anger IAT measure reduces a person??s ability to fake good, social desirability is hypothesized to have a moderating effect between the Anger IAT and the STAXI-2. A total of 60 subjects participated in this investigation, 42 of which were female and 18 were males. Furthermore, there were 20 Caucasian, 34 Hispanic, and 6 African American participants. It was found that the Anger IAT was correlated with several scales of the STAXI-2. The Anger IAT correlated less with the STAI and least with the RSES. Furthermore, it was found that the Anger IAT measure reduced the participant??s ability to fake good.

The baculovirus Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcNPV) has two viral forms, budded virus (BV) and occlusion derived virus (ODV). The envelopment of these two viral forms occurs at different locations: BV acquires envelopes at the plasma membrane while ODV acquires envelopes in the nucleus. The two viral forms carry out different functions in the viral life cycle. The purpose of this study is to investigate how viral envelope proteins sort/traffic to the nucleus. Of particular interest is BV/ODV E26 (E26). E26 is an envelope protein of both BV and ODV (Braunagel and Summers, 1994); therefore it must traffic to the plasma membrane and the nucleus during infection. Thus, E26 is a bi-directional trafficking protein, which interacts with membranes in both locations of the cell. As such it has been shown that there are several immunoreactive forms of E26 (Beniya, Braunagel, and Summers, 1998). The da26 gene produces at least 2 protein products of 26 and 28 kDa with different functions respectively, which correlate with localization, solubility, membrane association, and temporal requirements. The 28 kDa form is likely a soluble protein that interacts with transcriptional activators and DNA in the nucleus in the early stages of infection. A part of the 26 kDa population is a membrane bound form interacting with an integral membrane protein in the ER and likely functions as an INM sorting factor. The 26 kDa membrane bond form is also found in the inner nuclear membrane, intra-nuclear microvesicles, ODV envelopes, and ODV in the nucleus.

This study explores the problems which confronted the Credit Department of the Farmer¡¦s Association, such as uncertainty regarding administrative goals and political scandals after the Democratic Progressive Party (DDP) had planned for the Association to be taken over by banks in 2000. The Farmer¡¦s Association is the best organized association that is close to the people. With more members than all of the other associations, it also plays an important role in a wide range of areas, such as: the economy, society, education, and politics. In earlier times, it was the only association that provided financial services for the common people. Due to the capital resources and the support of people, it has long been a target for the local factions. After retreating to Taiwan, the Kuomintang endeavored to stabilize the economy of the rural areas and fulfill public policies by carrying out the national economic goals. With this policy in mind, the Farmer¡¦s Association actively allied with the local factions to become a monopolistic enterprise on a scale similar to that of state-owned enterprises. The Association and the Government thus behaved according to the patron-client relationship and the Association acts for the Government in implementing agricultural policies in local areas. The political parties and social elites all endeavor to lead the Association, in the hope that it can serve as the basis for political mobilization. Therefore, the Association deviates from its own administrative purpose and becomes entangled in the power struggles of the local factions. These factors, plus the Asian economic storm led to bank runs. As the DDP took over the reins of government, it decided to settle such problems in order to stabilize the financial market, or based on some political concerns, by taking over similar associations and planning to completely stop the operation of the Credit Department. The Association in Dashu Township is taken as an example, to explore the impacts and influences of the Farmer¡¦s Association without the Credit Department on the local factions that have long relied on the resources of Credit Department. The analysis will be based on four perspectives: 1. Change of mobilization capability 2. Change of the power of Association director-generals 3. Change of the Association¡¦s control of local financial resources 4. The change of local factions¡¦ power The taking-over of the Association aroused drastic opposition. The Government therefore resorted to amending the laws concerning the Farmer¡¦s Association in order to revive it. But in 2008, the Kuomintang, after taking on the reins of government, amended the law to cancel the limitation concerning the office term of director- generals. With no limitations placed on civil servants serving as the staff of the Association it became difficult for the Association to rid itself of the power of local factions.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2008. / Title from title screen (site viewed Sept. 16, 2008). PDF text: viii, 234 p. ; 1 Mb. UMI publication number: AAT 3297756. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Texas, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 264-305).

Thesis--University of Florida. / Description based on print version record. Manuscript copy. Vita. Bibliography: leaves 439-444.

Thesis (B.A.(Hons.))--University of Queensland, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-135).

Molecular assemblies are promising candidates for nano-scale electronics due to their chemical and structural versatility. The successful fabrication of assembly-based nano-scale electronics, where molecular assemblies comprise the electrically-active components, requires the ability to reliably form molecular assemblies and the ability to 'wire them into electrical junctions. This dissertation focuses on the processing-structure relationships of model conjugated dithiols, the formation of electrical junctions with these molecular assemblies, and the characterization of these junctions. Biphenyldithiol (BPDT), terphenyldithiol (TPDT), and quaterphenyldithiol (QPDT) are assembled in solution from their thioacetyl precursors which are converted in-situ to thiolates using NH4OH. We elucidated how the type of substrate, the solvent quality, and the concentrations of NH4OH and the thioacetyl precursors affect the final structures of these assemblies. BPDT molecular assemblies are disordered on both gold (Au) and gallium arsenide (GaAs) at all conditions explored. TPDT and QPDT adopt the most upright molecular orientations on both Au and GaAs when the assembly is carried out from EtOH-rich solutions at low NH4OH and high precursor concentrations. At these conditions, the assembly formation process is dominated by the adsorption of thioacetylterminated molecules. When the assembly is carried with high NH4OH and low precursor concentrations, adsorption is dominated by thiolates; TPDT and QPDT are disordered on Au and GaAs. None of the molecules adsorb significantly on GaAs from THF. The presence of S-Au bonds at the molecular assembly -- top Au contact interface was directly probed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Depositing Au electrodes on QPDT assemblies by nTP in dichloroethane results in the reproducible formation of S-Au bonds at the molecule-Au interface. Finally, we measured the electrical response of the model conjugated molecular assemblies on GaAs through direct contact with galinstan. The current densities scale inversely with the tunneling distance, which is determined by factors including the length of the conjugated molecule and the molecular orientation of the assembly. We also examined the electrical response of GaAs--QPDT--Au junctions in which the Au electrodes were transferred using an elastomeric stamps. The electrical characteristics of these junctions were independent of orientation of the molecules and the presence of SAu bonds at the charge transfer nterface. Hydrocarbon contamination on the Au electrodes left by the elastomeric stamp during transfer masked any electrical response from QPDT. It is therefore crucial to ensure the pristine quality of the electrical contact in order to reliably measure the electrical response of the molecular assembly. The fabrication and testing of assembly-based electrical junctions is challenging in terms of both controlling the assembly structures and measuring their electrical response. Careful attention must therefore be paid to each aspect of molecular assemblybased junction formation and characterization. / text

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