Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-01-27T12:19:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CassioFreireCamara_TESE.pdf: 3299867 bytes, checksum: 6633fd802189d4523b85b604decfb3c5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-27T15:44:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CassioFreireCamara_TESE.pdf: 3299867 bytes, checksum: 6633fd802189d4523b85b604decfb3c5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-27T15:44:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CassioFreireCamara_TESE.pdf: 3299867 bytes, checksum: 6633fd802189d4523b85b604decfb3c5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-20 / A alvenaria estrutural ? um m?todo construtivo muito antigo, no qual as alvenarias das edifica??es t?m a funcionalidade estrutural al?m de veda??o, e foi o primeiro m?todo utilizado pelo homem para constru??o de abrigos permanentes. Esta modalidade executiva possibilita uma maior economia nos custos das edifica??es, entretanto exige um maior controle na confec??o e aplica??o dos blocos. Outro par?metro importante diz respeito ao p? de brita, res?duos dos britadores, pois n?o possuem utilidade em qualquer cadeia produtiva e assim, s?o depositados em aterros ou na natureza, degradando a qualidade do meio ambiente. Baseado neste ensejo, o reaproveitamento deste res?duo, aliado ? ind?stria ceramista, possibilita m?tuos benef?cios, pois diminui o estoque do rejeito dos britadores, elimina o impacto ambiental, reduz os custos de confec??o dos blocos e eleva a resist?ncia das alvenarias. Dentro deste contexto, este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o comportamento do ?bloco cer?mico h?brido?, verificando os efeitos da incorpora??o do p? de brita na massa argilosa do bloco cer?mico sob as exig?ncias da Norma NBR-15270. As mat?rias primas foram coletadas em Caic?/RN, no caso do p? de brita, e em Assu/RN, no caso da argila, tendo sido formuladas incorporando os percentuais de 0%, 5%, 10% e 15% de res?duo. As amostras foram sinterizadas ? temperatura de 990?C, ? taxa de aquecimento de 5?C/min com isoterma de uma hora e submetidas a ensaios tecnol?gicos, como retra??o linear, absor??o de ?gua, porosidade aparente e resist?ncia ? compress?o. O resultado significativo obtido foi com a formula??o de 10% de res?duo incorporado, o qual elevou a resist?ncia ? compress?o dos blocos em m?dia de 26,41% e at? 58%. / The structural masonry is a very old construction method, where the walls of the buildings have structural functionality beyond seal, and it was the first method used by man to build permanent shelters. This executive mode enables greater savings in the buildings costs, but requires more control in the manufacture and application of the blocks. Another important parameter concerns the gravel dust, waste crushers, because they have no utility in any production chain and so are landfilled or deposited in nature, degrading the quality of the environment. Based on this, the reuse of this waste, together with ceramics industry, enables mutual benefits because it reduces the stock of waste crushers, eliminates the environmental impact, reduces the manufacturing costs of the blocks and increases the strength of masonry. Within this context, this work aims to study the behavior of the "hybrid ceramic block" by checking the effects of the incorporation of gravel dust in the clay mass of the ceramic block in the light of the requirements of the NBR-15270. The raw materials were collected in Caic?/RN, in the case of the gravel dust, and Assu/RN, in the case of clay, and were formulated incorporating the percentage of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% residue. The samples were sintered at 990?C temperature, the heating rate of 5?C/min with an isothermal hour and subjected to technological testing as linear shrinkage, water absorption, porosity and compressive strength. The best result obtained in the study was 10% corporate residue which increased the compressive strength of the blocks on average 26,41% and up to 58%.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:58:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucieneMR_DISSERT.pdf: 3721446 bytes, checksum: 16ced8820ae92014f7d8c365770f515c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-11 / In the present research work, composites were prepared using pine apple leaf fibres (PALF) as reinforcement with unsaturated polyester resin as matrix, incorporating with fire retardant at different compositions. The PALF was obtained from the decortication of pine apple leaves obtained from Ramada 4 from Ielmo Marinho in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. The unsaturated polyester resin and the catalyzer were bought from the local establishment. The fire retardant, aluminium tri-hydroxide - Al(OH)3 was donated by Alcoa Alum?nio S.A and was used in the proportions of 20%, 40% and 60% w/w. Initially the fibres were treated with 2% NaOH for 1 hour, to remove any impurities present on the fibre surface, such as wax, fat, pectin and pectate, in order to have a better adsorption of the fibres with the matrix as well as the flame retardant. The fibre mat was prepared in a mat preparator by immersion, developed in the Textile Engineering Laboratory, at the UFRN. The composites (300x300x3 mm) were prepared by compression molding and the samples (150x25x3 mm) for analysis of the properties were cut randomly using a laser cutter. Some of the cut samples were used to measure the smoke emission and fire resistance using UL94 standard. Mechanical tension-extension and flexural properties were carried in CTG?s RN and the Laborat?rio de Metais e Ensaios Mec?nicos Engenharia de Materiais UFRN , as well as SEM studies were carried out at N?cleo de Estudos em Petr?leo e G?s Natural - UFRN . From the observed results, it was noted that, there was no marked influence of the fire retardant on the mechanical properties. Also in the water absorption test, the quantity of water absorbed was less in the sample with higher concentration of fire retardant. It was also observed that the increase in the proportion of the fire retardant increased the time of burning, may be due to the compactness of the composite due to the presence of fire retardant as a filling material even though it was meant to reduce the rate of inflammability of the composite / Na presente pesquisa foram desenvolvidos comp?sitos com fibras da folha do abacaxizeiro (PALF - Pineapple Leaf Fiber), utilizando resina de poli?ster insaturado como matriz, incorporando retardante de chama em diferentes composi??es. As fibras da folha do abacaxizeiro foram obtidas na ramada 4 do munic?pio de Ielmo Marinho no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. A resina de poli?ster insaturado e o catalisador foram comprados no com?rcio. O retardante de chama de alumina trihidratada (hidr?xido de alum?nio - Al(OH)3) foi doado pela empresa Alcoa Alum?nio S.A. e foi utilizado em propor??es de 20%, 40% e 60% do peso do material utilizado na fabrica??o dos comp?sitos. As PALFs foram tratadas com 2% de hidr?xido de s?dio, por 1 hora, para eliminar as impurezas superficiais tais como ceras, gorduras, pectinas e pectatos, para que houvesse uma melhor ades?o da matriz ?s fibras, bem como do retardante de chama. As mantas de fibras foram preparadas num preparador de manta por imers?o, desenvolvido no Laborat?rio de Engenharia T?xtil da UFRN. Os comp?sitos (300x300x3 mm) foram moldados por compress?o e as amostras (150x25x3 mm) para an?lise das propriedades foram cortadas, em diferentes posi??es da placa do comp?sito com aux?lio de uma m?quina de laser. As propriedades mec?nicas de tra??o e flex?o em tr?s pontos foram realizadas no CTG?s RN e no Laborat?rio de Metais e Ensaios Mec?nicos de Engenharia de Materiais da UFRN. Os testes da emiss?o de fuma?a e resist?ncia ao fogo foram realizados no Laborat?rio de Engenharia T?xtil da UFRN, utilizando a norma UL94. As amostras resultantes das propriedades mec?nicas foram avaliadas no MEV do N?cleo de Estudos em Petr?leo e G?s Natural da UFRN. Com base nas an?lises dos resultados nos ensaios mec?nicos, observou-se que o retardante de chama n?o tem influ?ncia significativa. Tamb?m observou-se que no ensaio de abosor??o de ?gua, quanto maior a concentra??o de retardante de chama, a quantidade de ?gua absorvida ? menor. No teste de inflamabilidade, observou-se que quanto maior a concentra??o de retardante de chama, maior o tempo de queima. Pode ser conclu?do que a presen?a de retardante de chama, al?m de atuar como inibidor de chama, tamb?m atua como uma carga que influ?ncia a compacta??o do comp?sito e desta forma reduz a taxa de queima