A tese pretende analisar as relações entre Literatura moderna, Geografia e Sociedade no processo de modernização social, através do estudo de seis escritores: Charles Baudelaire, Machado de Assis, Joseph Conrad, Franz Kafka, Carlos Drummond de Andrade e João Antônio. O percurso busca mostrar como a modernização social, produzindo formas de espaço social abstrato (Lefebvre) adequadas ao processo de acumulação capitalista, é literariamente mimetizada e reconstruída por tais escritores. O processo de modernização aparece, então, como domínio do trabalho abstrato e, em suas crises, como um estado de exceção, figurado pela literatura em três níveis espaciais fundamentais interligados, mas não-idênticos: ao nível do concebido (pela política e as ideologias), do praticado/percebido (na vida cotidiana) e do vivido (nas singularidades subjetivas, nos limites do real inconsciente). Assim, teríamos a Literatura como um meio de mapeamento cognitivo de processos sócio-espaciais modernos. / The thesis intends to analyse the relationships between Modern Literature, Geography, and Society within the process of social modernization, through the study of six writers: Charles Baudelaire, Machado de Assis, Joseph Conrad, Franz Kafka, Carlos Drummond de Andrade and João Antônio. This itinerary aims to show how social modernization, producing forms of abstract social space (Lefebvre) related to the capitalist process of accumulation, is literarily mimetized and reconstructed by these writers. The modernization process appears then as imposition of abstract labor and, in its crisis, as a state of exception, thematized by literature in three interconnected but non-identical spatial levels: at the level of the conceived (by politics and ideologies), of the perceived (praxis in everyday life), and of lived experiences (in subjective singularities, in the limits of the unconscious). Thus, Literature appears as cognitive mapping of modern social and spatial processes.

A tese pretende analisar as relações entre Literatura moderna, Geografia e Sociedade no processo de modernização social, através do estudo de seis escritores: Charles Baudelaire, Machado de Assis, Joseph Conrad, Franz Kafka, Carlos Drummond de Andrade e João Antônio. O percurso busca mostrar como a modernização social, produzindo formas de espaço social abstrato (Lefebvre) adequadas ao processo de acumulação capitalista, é literariamente mimetizada e reconstruída por tais escritores. O processo de modernização aparece, então, como domínio do trabalho abstrato e, em suas crises, como um estado de exceção, figurado pela literatura em três níveis espaciais fundamentais interligados, mas não-idênticos: ao nível do concebido (pela política e as ideologias), do praticado/percebido (na vida cotidiana) e do vivido (nas singularidades subjetivas, nos limites do real inconsciente). Assim, teríamos a Literatura como um meio de mapeamento cognitivo de processos sócio-espaciais modernos. / The thesis intends to analyse the relationships between Modern Literature, Geography, and Society within the process of social modernization, through the study of six writers: Charles Baudelaire, Machado de Assis, Joseph Conrad, Franz Kafka, Carlos Drummond de Andrade and João Antônio. This itinerary aims to show how social modernization, producing forms of abstract social space (Lefebvre) related to the capitalist process of accumulation, is literarily mimetized and reconstructed by these writers. The modernization process appears then as imposition of abstract labor and, in its crisis, as a state of exception, thematized by literature in three interconnected but non-identical spatial levels: at the level of the conceived (by politics and ideologies), of the perceived (praxis in everyday life), and of lived experiences (in subjective singularities, in the limits of the unconscious). Thus, Literature appears as cognitive mapping of modern social and spatial processes.

Les compétences sont des objets de gestion complexes mais indispensables à l’employeur pour spécifier ses besoins et au travailleur pour tracer son profil. Agrégées en postes, emplois, métiers, elles forment des cadres transactionnels dans un espace constitué d’objets abstraits et de leurs liens. Cette thèse vise à affirmer la centralité d’un dispositif cartographique à travers l’examen : des bénéfices d’une mise au net de cet espace, notamment face à la transformation numérique ; du recours indispensable à un artefact médiateur technologique ; du rôle de cartographe, le maître d’oeuvre de la fonction RH, investie de la médiation et de la régulation sociales. La recherche s’appuie sur un parcours professionnel dans le domaine RH et, sur le plan méthodologique, croise les besoins de la gestion des compétences avec les apports de la cartographie moderne. Elle aboutit à une proposition méthodologique pour cartographier des espaces abstraits, appuyée par un démonstrateur internet SaaS. / Skills are complex management objects which are essential to define employers’ needs and draw one’s profile and wishes. Aggregated in positions, jobs, professions, they form a transactional framework in a space of abstract artefacts and their links. This thesis aims to assert the centrality of a mapping device by examining: the benefits of a clearing of this space, especially trough digital transformation; the indispensable support of technological artefacts to help a person or a group, to identify, decide, evolve in this space; the role of cartographer to be taken by the human resources function. The research is based on a professional career in the field of human resources and methodologically, crosses needs around the notion of competence with the contributions of modern cartography (GIS, geomatics, data visualisation). It leads to a synthesis by the design of a SaaS platform demonstrator, and a cartographic methodology for abstract space.