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Stress är vanligt förekommande hos studenter. Tidigare forskning har visat att self-efficacy reducerar stress och self-handicapping. Syftet med studien var att undersöka sambandet mellan akademisk self- efficacy, self-handicapping och upplevd stress samt vilka variabler som förklarar mest variation i upplevd stress. Deltagarna var 156 studerande, varav 24 män, på en högskola i Mellansverige. Deltagarna besvarade en enkät bestående av Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), College Academic Self-efficacy Scale (CASES) samt Self- handicapping Scale (SHS). Resultaten visade att akademisk self- efficacy hade ett negativt samband med stress och self-handicapping. Däremot hade self-handicapping ett positivt samband med stress. En hierarkisk regression visade att både akademisk self-efficacy och self- handicapping förklarade signifikant variation i upplevd stress och att det var akademisk self-efficacy som bidrog mest. Studien bidrar med kunskap om studenternas situation och för framtida forskning skulle det vara intressant att göra interventionsstudier med fokus på att höja akademisk self-efficacy hos studenter.

As college classrooms increase in size, the challenge of keeping students engaged in the course becomes a greater challenge. Instructors are burdened with the task of managing larger classrooms while maintaining high levels of student participation. Research has shown that students tend to hide and are less likely to participate in larger classrooms. Research has also shown that student participation is affected by fear of judgment from their peers and the instructor. However it is unclear whether this fear is tied to students’ perceived ability or self-efficacy. In addition, it may be that students’ perception of the instructor may affect their class participation. The present study attempted to disentangle how these factors work together to influence student engagement in the classroom. The present study was conducted over the fall 2013 semester. Two hundred forty four students were recruited from three introductory psychology courses. At the beginning of the semester, students were asked to report their perception of their academic ability (academic self-efficacy; ASE) and demographic information. During the last week of instruction, students were asked to self-report their ASE, level of course engagement, and perceptions of the instructors teaching self-efficacy (PIE). After grades were posted, the final grades for each student were collected. Three predictions were explored: (a) changes in ASE would predict students’ course grade, (b) the relationship between student ASE and student grades would be mediated or moderated by student engagement, and (c) PIE would moderate the relationship between students’ ASE and student engagement. Two of the predictions were supported. Changes in ASE did predict students’ course grades such that increases in ASE predicted increases in grades as well. Student engagement partially explained the relationship between ASE and grades. Closer examination showed that performance (wanting good grades in the course) accounted for the relationship between ASE and course grades. The final prediction could not be evaluated because PIE was not related to ASE. However results show that PIE does significantly impact student engagement in the course. This adds to previous literature and shows that perceptions of an instructor’s teaching self-efficacy can influence how students engage in the course. These results also align with previous research that has shown that students with higher sense of ASE and course engagement have better academic outcomes.

<p>Tidigare forskning menar att kvinnor har lägre tilltro till sin förmåga att ta sig an organisatoriska roller än män (A. Dickerson & M. A. Taylor, 2000; K. S. Lyness & C. A. Schrader, 2006). Sveriges statistiska centralbyrå redovisade 2009 att färre kvinnor än män var representerade i ledartjänst. Studien har undersökt studenters nivå av akademisk self-efficacy och deras vilja att ha ledaransvar framledes. Resultat grundas på enkätdata från 78 studenter. Män hade högre nivå av akademisk self-efficacy än kvinnor. Det fanns däremot inga könsskillnader gällande viljan att ha ledaransvar. Studien visar ett positivt signifikant samband mellan nämnda variabler. Även erfarenheter av att utöva ledarskap och pappans ledarposition tycks ha betydelse för deltagarnas vilja att ha ledaransvar i det framtida yrket.</p>

Tidigare forskning menar att kvinnor har lägre tilltro till sin förmåga att ta sig an organisatoriska roller än män (A. Dickerson &amp; M. A. Taylor, 2000; K. S. Lyness &amp; C. A. Schrader, 2006). Sveriges statistiska centralbyrå redovisade 2009 att färre kvinnor än män var representerade i ledartjänst. Studien har undersökt studenters nivå av akademisk self-efficacy och deras vilja att ha ledaransvar framledes. Resultat grundas på enkätdata från 78 studenter. Män hade högre nivå av akademisk self-efficacy än kvinnor. Det fanns däremot inga könsskillnader gällande viljan att ha ledaransvar. Studien visar ett positivt signifikant samband mellan nämnda variabler. Även erfarenheter av att utöva ledarskap och pappans ledarposition tycks ha betydelse för deltagarnas vilja att ha ledaransvar i det framtida yrket.

The present study investigated the key determinants of Chinese students’ academic success in terms of GPA and the number of credit hours earned. The determinants investigated included gender, age, prior academic performance, academic self-efficacy, the TOPIK score, self-perceived Korean and English proficiency, and the previous length of Korean and English study. This study specifically focused on three research questions concerning the prediction of Chinese students’ academic success in Korean universities, the additional contribution of Korean and English language proficiency, and the examination of prediction patterns for undergraduate and graduate students. A questionnaire was issued and collected from 138 undergraduate and 63 graduate Chinese students studying in 27 different Korean universities. The questionnaire consisted of four sections: demographic information, academic background, language proficiency and psychological factors. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were conducted to address the proposed research questions. The findings demonstrated that traditional factors, including gender and prior academic performance, were effective predictors of academic success. However, academic self-efficacy did not play an influential role in participants’ academic success. Language proficiency had a moderate effect on Chinese students’ academic success, which is consistent with previous studies that reported a positive statistically significant relationship between language proficiency and academic success. In this study’s context, Korean proficiency contributed to undergraduate GPA and graduate credit hours whereas both Korean and English proficiency contributed to graduate GPA. The different natures of undergraduate and graduate studies determined that the predictors of undergraduate and graduate students’ academic success were different. The determinants of international students’ academic success are complex and not yet completely understood, and language proficiency is only one of the factors contributing to international students’ academic success. The present study addressed the research gap by integrating theoretical constructs from both psychology and language education, and also by exploring the relationships between language proficiency and academic success in a less researched test, TOPIK, and in two second languages, Korean and English, at the same time. The findings contribute to the overall understanding of international students’ academic success, in particular the success of Chinese students studying in Korean universities. / Thesis (Master, Education) -- Queen's University, 2014-04-23 14:54:05.315

The problem under investigation in this study is whether or not matching or mismatching learning style to learning style task has an effect on students’ perceptions of academic self-efficacy and self-efficacy for self-regulated learning. Sixty-eight undergraduate and graduate students over the age of 18 participated (males: N= 14 and females: N=54). The students were selected into two groups (matched; N=34 and mismatched; N=34). Participants in the matched group were given a free-writing task that matched their most preferred learning style as determined by the Kolb Learning Style Inventory. Participants in the mismatched group were given a free-writing task that matched their least preferred style of learning. Immediately after, participants were asked to rate their perceptions of academic self-efficacy and self-efficacy for self-regulated learning. There was a significant main effect for group and learning task on perceptions of self-efficacy; t(63.74)=2.10, p=.04. The educational implications of these findings are that teachers need to be sure that students’ learning style needs are being met in the classroom or else it could negatively effect perceptions of self-efficacy, and thus future learning.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between college students' social class and their academic outcomes. A structural equation model was proposed, hypothesizing that a student's socioeconomic status (SES) is related to their motives for attending college, thus influencing their perception of fit at the university, their satisfaction with the university, their academic self-efficacy, and their grades, attendance, and likelihood for retention.. The results from a sample of 500 undergraduate students show that overall, the hypothesized model was a borderline good fit of the data. While SES was negatively related to interdependent motives for attending college, it was not related to independent motives for college. Independent motives for attending college were positively related to perceptions of fit at the university, while interdependent motives were not. Finally, fit at the university was positively related to satisfaction, which was related to intention for retention, class attendance, and academic self-efficacy. Academic self-efficacy was significantly related to students' grade point average. These results suggest that students from low SES backgrounds are more interdependent. Further, those who are more independent feel a greater sense of fit with the university and are more likely to be satisfied, express commitment to continuing at the university, and attend their classes. These results provide support for a proposition that higher education institutions should value students who have different types of motives and to consider what is communicated to students through programs and expectations that are focused on independent values.

Previous research has linked extracurricular activities to academic performance for adolescents, but it remains unclear through what mechanisms they are linked. I posit that extracurricular activities lead to the development of academic self-efficacy, which in turn improves academic performance. This study examines the nature of the relationship between participation in extracurricular activities and academic self-efficacy for adolescents. Using data from the Educational Longitudinal Study of 2002, I find that academic self-efficacy is positively related to participation in extracurricular activities. Results indicate that participation in a diversity of types of extracurricular activities such as in both sports and student government is also related to greater academic self-efficacy. Additional analyses reveal that this effect levels out and begins to decrease at high levels of involvement, when the adolescent is involved in a high number of activities or spends a high number of hours per week in extracurricular activities. Implications for adolescents are discussed.

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