M.Sc. (Zoology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Adelaide, 1947. / Typewritten copy. Bibliography: leaves 17-18.

M.Sc. (Zoology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

The acanthocephalan Echinorhynchus lageniformis Ekbaum, 1938, is a common intestinal parasite of the starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus (Pallas), of Yaquina Bay, Lincoln Co., Oregon. Three hundred and sixty-one flounders were examined and 146 (40.5 percent) were found to harbor infections of E. lageniformis. Cystacanths of E. lageniformis were found encysted in the body cavity of the starry flounder; this is probably the result of the fish feeding on larval infections not yet mature enough to attach to the intestinal mucosa. As the size of the flounder increased, the percent infection decreased. The smaller fish with the higher incidence of infection were found to be of the size range that ate amphipods, which may be the intermediate host, as the main part of their diet. The older fish do not feed on amphipods. A correlation could not be found between the sex of the starry flounder and the incidence and degree of parasitism. A peak of adult worms was found in April, 1966 - 198 mature females as compared to a low of 30 mature females in December, 1965. This indicates a seasonal periodicity in the E. lageniformis population of Yaquina Bay. Possible explanations for this seasonal occurrence were discussed. It is postulated that E. lageniformis lives in its final host for about a year. The one-year-old plus fish were found to have a high incidence of infection, whereas the two-year plus fish had a low incidence of infection. Twenty-six percent of the worms collected were males and 74 percent were females. Of the 146 infections, 74 were unisexual and 72 were mixed (containing both sexes). In April, 1966, the percent infection was the highest - when there were 20 mixed infections and two unisexual infections. This indicates that all the females have a good chance of being fertilized. The starry flounder intestine reacts to E. lageniformis at the point of attachment. It was observed that the larger the worm, the more severe the reaction. No crowding effects were observed in single species infections of E. lageniformis or in concurrent infections with trematodes. The shelled acanthor larva was found to have four enveloping membranes. Data indicates that when the proboscis reaches a certain length and width, it does not increase in size, although the neck and trunk of the worm do increase in size. / Graduation date: 1967

No description available.

In the summer of 1997, 217 fishes of different species (Raja erinacea, R. radiata, R. ocellata, Malacoraja senta, and Squalus acanthias) were collected from the West Isles of the Bay of Fundy, New Brunswick. / Parasites belonging to 13 species were found: 10 Cestoda; 2 Nematoda; and 1 Acanthocephala. Of the 10 cestodes, five are described as new species. The remaining five re-described in detail and compared to similar worms reported in the literature. None of the eight tetraphyllidean cestodes was found in more than one host species, thereby supporting current dogma that the Tetraphyllidea are species specific with respect to their definitive hosts. / There is a close relationship between the topography of the spiral-valve mucosa of the preferred attachment-site and that of the inner-bothridial tegument. This provides further evidence supporting the strict morphological specificity proposed by Williams (1960).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:31:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_mariana_moura_mendes.pdf: 1113562 bytes, checksum: 48d46dd9dafe94b682264135d3d172ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-18 / The Great Kiskadee, Pitangus sulphuratus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Tyrannidae), occurs only in the Americas, is distributed from the United States (Texas) to Argentina. It is the most popular bird species of Brazil and Rio Grande do Sul, being easily recognized by its onomatopoeic song, vivid colorations and aggressive behavior in a dispute over territory and when guarding the nest. These birds can be found in a wide variety of habitats such as crop fields, towns, orchards, woods and edge of aquatic environments, such as margins of ponds, streams, rivers and dams. They have skills to identify foods in natural environments and exploring food resources of anthropic origin, which contributes to its efficiency in colonizing urban environments and their abundance in various environments. The Great Kiskadee can be considered an omnivorous species, and its flexibility in their food can influence their helminthofauna, since the majority of gastrointestinal parasites are acquired through ingestion of food. Due to lack of information on parasite biodiversity of P. sulphuratus, this work was developed aimed to characterize and disseminate the helminthofauna and nasal mites that parasites the Great Kiskadee, and to calculate the parameters of prevalence, average intensity and average abundance of parasitism. Were examined 78 specimens of P. sulphuratus belonging to the municipality of Pelotas and adjacent municipalities, among those who came to death at the Center for Wildlife Rehabilitation Center and Triage of Wild Animals (NURFS / CETAS / UFPel) and were run over, collected on the highways. At the Laboratory of Parasitology of Wild Animals, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, birds were necropsied to collect helminths and nasal mites. Helminths found and their parameters of prevalence (P), average abundance (AM) and average intensity (IM) were Dispharynx nasuta (P = 3.85%, AM = 0.10, IM = 2.66), Acuaria Mayor (P = 7 , 69%, AM = 0.18, IM = 2.33), representatives of the subfamily Capillariinae (P = 10.26%, AM = 0.22, IM = 2.12), Eucoleus sp. (P = 10.26%, AM = 0.38, IM = 3.75), Aproctella sp. (P = 6.41%, AM = 0.08, MI = 1.2), Syngamus sp. (P = 7.69%, AM = 0.26, IM = 3.33), Lophosicyadiplostomum nephrocystis (P = 14.10%, AM = 3.18, MI = 22.54), Lutztrema sp. (P = 3.85%, AM = 0.08, IM = 2), Echinostoma sp. (P = 2.56%, AM = 0.15, IM = 6), Centrorhyncus spp. (P = 48.72%, AM = 3.87, IM = 7.95), and representatives of the order Ciclophyllidae (Cestoda) (P = 2.56%). The nasal mites Ptilonyssus spinosus were found with 12.82% prevalence, AM = 1.13, IM = 8.8, sex ratio 4:2, ♀ / ♂ and Sternostoma longisetosae, 5.13%, 0.13 and 2.5, respectively, all specimens were females. A parasitic association between the two species was observed in only one P. sulphuratus. Pitangus sulphuratus features a new host for helminths Dispharynx nasuta, Acuaria mayor, Capillariinae, Eucoleus sp. Aproctella sp. Syngamus sp. (Nematoda), Lutztrema sp. and Echinostoma sp. (Trematoda). That expands the area of occurrence of A. Mayor and L. nephrocystis for the state of Rio Grande do Sul. / O bem-te-vi, Pitangus sulphuratus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Tyrannidae), ocorre apenas nas Américas, distribui-se dos Estados Unidos (Texas) até a Argentina. É a espécie de pássaro mais popular do Brasil e do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), sendo facilmente reconhecido pelo seu canto onomatopéico, sua coloração viva e comportamento agressivo na disputa de território e guarda do ninho. Estas aves podem ser encontrados em uma ampla variedade de habitats, como campos de culturas, cidades, pomares, orla de matas e em ambientes aquáticos, tais como margens de lagoas, córregos, rios e represas. Apresentam habilidades para identificar alimentos em ambientes naturais e em explorar recursos alimentares de origem antrópica, o que contribui para sua eficiência em colonizar ambientes urbanos e sua abundância em vários ambientes. O bem-te-vi é consideradauma espécie onívora, e sua flexibilidade alimentar pode influenciar na sua helmintofauna, uma vez que a maioria dos parasitos gastrointestinais é adquirida através da ingestão de alimentos. Devido a escassez de informações sobre a biodiversidade parasitária de P. sulphuratus, desenvolveu-se este trabalho com o objetivo de conhecer a helmintofauna e ácaros nasais parasitos do bem-te-vi, bem como determinar os parâmetros de prevalência, abundância média e intensidade média de parasitismo. Foram examinados 78 espécimes de P. sulphuratus provenientes de municípios do RS, dos quais alguns vieram ao óbito no Núcleo de Reabilitação da Fauna Silvestre e Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (NURFS/CETAS/UFPel) e outros recolhidos mortos por atropelamento nas rodovias. No Laboratório de Parasitologia de Animais Silvestres, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, as aves foram necropsiadas para coleta de helmintos e ácaros nasais. Os helmintos encontrados e respectivos parâmetros de prevalência (P), abundância média (AM) e intensidade média (IM) foram: Dispharynx nasuta (P= 3,85%, AM=0,10, IM=2,66), Acuaria mayori (P= 7,69%, AM=0,18, IM=2,33),representantes da subfamília Capillariinae (P= 10,26%, AM=0,22, IM=2,12), Eucoleus sp. (P= 10,26%, AM=0,38, IM=3,75), Aproctella sp. (P= 6,41%, AM=0,08, IM=1,2), Syngamus sp. (P= 7,69%, AM=0,26, IM= 3,33), Lophosicyadiplostomum nephrocystis (P= 14,10%, AM=3,18, IM=22,54), Lutztrema sp. (P= 3,85%, AM=0,08, IM=2), Echinostoma sp. (P= 2,56%, AM=0,15, IM=6), Centrorhyncus spp. (P= 48,72%, AM=3,87, IM=7,95) e representantes da ordem Cyclophyllidea (P= 2,56%). Os ácaros nasais encontrados foram Ptilonyssus spinosus com 12,82% de prevalência, AM=1,13, IM=8,8, razão sexual 4:2, ♀/♂ e Sternostoma longisetosae, 5,13%, 0,13 e 2,5, respectivamente, todos os exemplares eram fêmeas. A associação parasitária entre essas duas espécies de ácaros foi observada em apenas uma ave. Este achado caracteriza o primeiro relato de P. spinosus e S. longisetosae em P. sulphuratus e amplia a distribuição geográfica destas espécies, sendo a primeira ocorrência de S. longisetosae na região neotropical e primeira citação de P. spinosus no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Pitangus sulphuratus caracteriza um novo hospedeiro para os helmintos Dispharynx nasuta, Acuaria mayori, Capillariinae, Eucoleus sp., Aproctella sp., Syngamus sp. (Nematoda), Lutztrema sp. e Echinostoma sp. (Trematoda). Amplia-se a área de conhecimento de ocorrência de A. mayori, e L. nephrocystis para o estado do Rio Grande do Sul.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:31:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_fabiana_fedatto_bernardon.pdf: 2564105 bytes, checksum: 3adada5c7a15fdd6272eae15d9df82e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-27 / The Ardeidae family is composed of more than 60 species, being one of the largest and most representative families of birds with characteristics adapted to wetlands. Rio Grande do Sul is characterized by presenting ecosystems which harbor a unique diversity of waders, where there is the record of 13 species of Ardeidae. Due to lack of information on the diversity of helminths in the Ardeidae family in Rio Grande do Sul, the work was developed with the goal of identifying the helminthfauna of nine species of Ardeidae and determine the parameters of prevalence, mean abundance and mean intensity. Were examined 30 birds of the Ardeidae family (Pelecaniformes), Ardea alba , Ardea cocoi, Butorides striata, Bubulcus ibis, Egretta thula, Ixobrychus involucris, Nycticorax nycticorax , Syrigma sibilatrix e Tigrisoma lineatum from the natural environment of the cities of Pelotas, Capão do Leão e Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. The birds were necropsied to collect helminths, prepared in accordance with the protocols used for each group and identified. As a result there was obtained species of Trematoda, Nematoda and Acanthocephala and their parasitological parameters as follow below: Trematoda: Digenea, Amphimerus interruptus (P=3,3%; AM=0,1; IM= 3,0), Apharyngostrigea ardearum (P=40%; AM=18,6; IM= 46,6), Ascocotyle sp. (P=33,3%; AM=88,4; IM= 265,3), Clinostomum complanatum (P=30%; AM=1,1; IM= 3,8), Episthmium proximum (P=23,3%; AM=1,0; IM=4,2), Ithyclinostomum dimorphum (P=6,6%; AM=0,1; IM=2,5), Nephrostomum limai (P=10%; AM= 0,3; IM=3,6), Ribeiroia insignis (P=10%; AM=2,8; IM=28,0 ) and Stomylotrema sp. (P=3,3%; AM=0,03; IM=1,0) belonging to eight families: Nematoda: Contracaecum microcephalum (P=80%; AM=15,1; IM=18,8), Desportesius invaginatus (P=43,3%; AM=2,76; IM=6,3), Desmidocercella ardeae (P=16,6%; AM=1,3; IM=8,0), Eustrongylides sp. (P=13,3%; AM=1,3; IM=10,2) and Baruscapillaria sp. (P=10%; AM=0,5; IM=5,0). Acanthocephala: Acanthocephalus sp. (Echinorhynchidae) (P=3,33%; AM=0,03; IM=1,0), Andracantha sp. (P=33,3%; AM=15,2; IM=45,8), Arhythmorhynchus sp. (P=6,66%; AM=0,16; IM=2,5) and Polymorphus sp. (Plagiorhynchidae) (P=13,3%; AM=1,3; IM=10,2). Tigrisoma lineatum was the only negative for all groups Ixobrychus involucris was negative for the presence of Trematoda and Bubulcus ibis negative for acanthocephalans. The Trematoda, Nematoda and Acanthocephala mentioned above are for the first time recorded in the Ardeidae family in Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil, some of the hosts and their helminth characterizes first occurrence. We have found insulated proglottids of cestodes in small and large intestine in some birds, but could not identify them. / A família Ardeidae é composta por mais de 60 espécies sendo uma das maiores e mais representativas famílias de aves com características adaptadas às áreas úmidas. O Rio Grande do Sul caracteriza-se por apresentar ecossistemas que abrigam uma diversidade ímpar de aves pernaltas onde há o registro de 13 espécies de ardeídeos. Devido a escassez de informações sobre a diversidade de helmintos em Ardeidae no Rio Grande do Sul, desenvolveu-se o trabalho com o objetivo de identificar a helmintofauna de nove espécies de ardeídeos e determinar a os parâmetros de prevalência, abundância e intensidade médias. Foram examinados 30 aves. Ardea alba, Ardea cocoi, Butorides striata, Bubulcus ibis, Egretta thula, Ixobrychus involucris, Nycticorax nycticorax, Syrigma sibilatrix e Tigrisoma lineatum, provenientes de ambiente natural dos municípios de Pelotas, Capão do Leão e Rio Grande RS, Brasil. As aves foram necropsiadas para a coleta dos helmintos, preparadas de acordo com os protocolos utilizados para cada grupo e identificadas. Como resultado obteve-se espécies de trematódeos, nematóides e acantocéfalos e seus parâmetros parasitológicos como seguem a seguir: Trematoda: Digenea, Amphimerus interruptus (P=3,3%; AM=0,1 ;IM=3,0), Apharyngostrigea ardearum (P=40%; AM=18,6; IM= 46,6), Ascocotyle sp. (P=33,3%; AM=88,4; IM= 265,3), Clinostomum complanatum (P=30%; AM=1,1; IM=3,8), Episthmium proximum (P=23,3%; AM=1,0; IM=4,2), Ithyclinostomum dimorphum (P=6,6%; AM=0,1; IM=2,5), Nephrostomum limai (P=10%; AM= 0,3; IM=3,6), Ribeiroia insignis (P=10%; AM=2,8; IM=28,0) e Stomylotrema sp. (P=3,3%; AM=0,03; IM=1,0) pertencentes a oito famílias; Nematoda: Contracaecum microcephalum (P=80%; AM=15,1;IM=18,8),Desportesius invaginatus(P=43,3%; AM=2,76; IM=6,3), Desmidocercella ardeae (P=16,6%; AM=1,3; IM=8,0), Eustrongylides sp. (P=13,3%; AM=1,3; IM=10,2) e Baruscapillaria sp. (P=10%; AM=0,5; IM=5,0). Acanthocephala: Acanthocephalus sp. (Echinorhynchidae) (P=3,33%; AM=0,03; IM=1,0), Andracantha sp. (P=33,3%; AM=15,2; IM=45,8), Arhythmorhynchus sp. (P=6,66%; AM=0,16; IM=2,5) e Polymorphus sp. (Plagiorhynchidae) (P=13,3%; AM=1,3; IM=10,2). Tigrisoma lineatum foi o único ardeídeo negativo para todos os grupos, enquanto que Ixobrychus involucris quanto à presença de trematódeos e Bubulcus ibis quanto à presença de acantocéfalos. Os trematódeos, nematóides e acantocéfalos citados anteriormente são pela primeira vez registrados em ardeídos no Rio Grande do Sul. No Brasil, alguns dos hospedeiros e respectivos helmintos constituem primeira ocorrência. Foram encontradas proglotes isoladas de cestóides no intestino delgado e grosso em algumas aves, porém não foi possível identificá-las.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:31:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_samara_nunes_gomes.pdf: 1205459 bytes, checksum: 4b65ad22706005a16a5b41efac9fe550 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-08 / Armadillos belong to the order Cingulata and are included in the superorder Xenarthra, which also belong to sloths and anteaters, hairy members of the order, which were restricted to the Neotropical region, occurring mainly in South America. Popularly known as nine banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus occurs in the southern United States to South America, with wide distribution in Brazil. They are of great importance in the epidemiology of parasitc diseases, and potential disseminators of zoonoses. Since knowledge of helminths is important because it may assist in making decisions on future actions preservationists, as well as parasite control programs in these animals in captivity in zoos, therefore, the objective was to identify the helminths that parasitize Dasypus novemcinctus, in southern Rio Grande do Sul. The experiment consisted of examining 30 specimens of D. novemcinctus from the municipalities of Arambaré, Camaquã, Cristal, São Lourenço do Sul, Capão do Leão e Pinheiro Machado, taken with the permission of SISBIO / RS and trampled on the access roads to these towns. The animals were necropsied, had their organs removed, individually and separately analyzed by stereomicroscope to collect helminths. Parasites of the phylum Nematoda were identified as Bairdascaris dasypodina, Schneidernema retusa, Aspidodera ansirupa, A. binansata, A. fasciata, Physaloptera sp., Dipetalonema sp., Capillaria sp., Moennigia lutzi, M. Moennigi and M. filamentosus. Most nematodes were found in the small intestine, except for aspidoderids and S. retusa, which were present in the cecum. The cestode found was Mathevotaenia sp. and the acanthocephalan, Centrorhynchus sp. parasitizing both the small intestine. All nematodes are being cited for the first time in this host, in Rio Grande do Sul and cestode and acanthocephalan parasite have their first record in Dasypus novemcinctus in Brazil. / Os tatus pertencem à ordem Cingulata e estão incluídos na superordem Xenarthra, à qual pertencem também as preguiças e os tamanduás, membros da ordem Pilosa, sendo restritos à região Neotropical e ocorrem predominantemente na América do Sul. Conhecido popularmente como tatu-galinha, Dasypus novemcinctus ocorre do sul dos Estados Unidos até a América do Sul, com ampla distribuição no Brasil. São de grande importância na epidemiologia de doenças parasitárias, sendo possíveis disseminadores de zoonoses. O conhecimento dos helmintos é importante, pois poderá auxiliar na tomada de decisões em ações preservacionistas, como em programas de controle parasitário destes animais quando em cativeiro nos zoológicos. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os helmintos que parasitam Dasypus novemcinctus, no sul do Rio Grande do Sul. O experimento constou do exame de 30 espécimes de D. novemcinctus provenientes dos municípios de Arambaré, Camaquã, Cristal, São Lourenço do Sul, Pelotas, Capão do Leão e Pinheiro Machado, capturados mediante a autorização do SISBIO/RS bem como atropelados nas rodovias de acesso a esses municípios. Os animais foram necropsiados, tiveram seus órgãos retirados, individualizados e analisados separadamente ao estereomicroscópio para a coleta de helmintos. Os parasitos do Filo Nematoda foram: Bairdascaris dasypodina, Schneidernema retusa, Aspidodera ansirupa, A. binansata, A. fasciata, Physaloptera sp., Dipetalonema sp., Capillaria sp., Moennigia lutzi, M. moennigi e M. filamentosus. A maioria dos nematóides foi encontrada no intestino delgado, com exceção dos aspidoderídeos e de S. retusa, que estavam presentes no ceco. Da Classe Cestoda foi encontrado Mathevotaenia sp. e do Filo Acanthocephala, Centrorhynchus sp., ambos parasitando o intestino delgado. Todos os nematóides estão sendo citados pela primeira vez, neste hospedeiro, no Rio Grande do Sul e o cestóide e o acantocéfalo têm seu primeiro registro parasitando Dasypus novemcinctus no Brasil.

Beca JAE-Predoctoral CISC; Proyecto LARECO CTM2011-25929