Nürtingen, FH, Diplomarb., 2003. / Betreuer: Gerrit Leopoldsberger.

Master-Arbeit Univ. St. Gallen, 2006.

Master-Arbeit Univ. St. Gallen, 2007.

A crise vivida pela economia mundial em 2008 trouxe consigo inúmeras oportunidades de crescimento e internacionalização para empresas brasileiras, conforme divulgação da Pwc (Price Waterhouse e Coopers), com base na pesquisa do Jornal Valor Econômico. A internacionalização dessas empresas, além das oportunidades de crescimento, aduziu novas responsabilidades legais, entre elas a introduzida pelo Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis (CPC), em seu pronunciamento técnico nº 2, regulamentado pela Deliberação n° 640/10 da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários. Esse pronunciamento possui características semelhantes ao Statement nº 52 do Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) norte-americano e visa melhorar a qualidade das informações contábeis, proporcionando maior transparência e credibilidade às demonstrações contábeis no âmbito internacional. Neste cenário globalizado, o Brasil necessita se equiparar aos mais de cem países que já adaptaram suas normas ao contexto internacional e começar a utilizar uma única linguagem contábil. Portanto, objetiva-se com esse estudo examinar as exigências que o CPC 2 trouxe para as empresas brasileiras que internacionalizaram seus negócios e quais as principais semelhanças e diferenças entre o CPC 2 e o FASB 52. Estes pronunciamentos auxiliam e regulamentam as Leis contábeis no foco de conversão da moeda, com o principal objetivo de estar convergentes e padronizadas. Nesse sentido conclui-se que a harmonização das normas contábeis é necessária e inevitável, visto que fortalece a profissão e a linguagem contábil que cada vez mais se padroniza mundialmente, mesmo reconhecendo-se que existem diferenças tributárias entre países. Deste modo faz-se necessário estar sempre atualizado. O contador do século XXI terá que se tornar um profissional com muito mais organização e disciplina, e sua profissão já está caracterizada pela modernidade e variedade em campos de atuação. O estudo realizado através de pesquisa bibliográfica, também, em normas americanas e brasileiras. Citando principais divergências e convergências entre os países. Sendo de principal importância para os estudiosos e profissionais da área. / The crisis in the world economy in 2008 brought with it numerous opportunities for growth and internationalization for Brazilian companies, as disclosed by PwC Brazil, based on the newspaper Valor Economico research. The internationalization of these companies and the growth opportunities, put forward new legal responsibilities, including the introduced by the Accounting Pronouncements Committee (CPC), in its technical pronouncement # 2, regulated by Resolution No. 640/10 of the Brazilian Securities Commission. This statement has similar characteristics to Statement 52 of the Financial Accounting Standarts Board (FASB) US and aims to improve the quality of accounting information, providing greater transparency and credibility to the financial statements at the international level. In this globalized scenario, Brazil needs to equate to more than one hundred countries have adapted their standards to the international context and start recording a single accounting language. Therefore, aims at presenting what conditions the CPC 2 brought to the Brazilian companies to internationalize their business and what are the main similarities and differences between the CPC 2 and 52. These FASB pronouncements and help regulate the accounting laws on currency conversion focus with the main objective to be convergent and standardized. In this sense it is concluded that the harmonization of accounting standards is necessary and inevitable, as strengthens the profession and the accounting language and increasingly standardizes worldwide. Of course, knowing that there is tax differences between countries. In this mode it is necessary to be always up to date. The XXI Century counter will have to become a professional with more organization and discipline, and their profession is already characterized by modernity and variety in fields. The study conducted through literature search also in American and Brazilian standards. Citing major differences and similarities between countries. It is of prime importance to scholars and professionals.

A crise vivida pela economia mundial em 2008 trouxe consigo inúmeras oportunidades de crescimento e internacionalização para empresas brasileiras, conforme divulgação da Pwc (Price Waterhouse e Coopers), com base na pesquisa do Jornal Valor Econômico. A internacionalização dessas empresas, além das oportunidades de crescimento, aduziu novas responsabilidades legais, entre elas a introduzida pelo Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis (CPC), em seu pronunciamento técnico nº 2, regulamentado pela Deliberação n° 640/10 da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários. Esse pronunciamento possui características semelhantes ao Statement nº 52 do Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) norte-americano e visa melhorar a qualidade das informações contábeis, proporcionando maior transparência e credibilidade às demonstrações contábeis no âmbito internacional. Neste cenário globalizado, o Brasil necessita se equiparar aos mais de cem países que já adaptaram suas normas ao contexto internacional e começar a utilizar uma única linguagem contábil. Portanto, objetiva-se com esse estudo examinar as exigências que o CPC 2 trouxe para as empresas brasileiras que internacionalizaram seus negócios e quais as principais semelhanças e diferenças entre o CPC 2 e o FASB 52. Estes pronunciamentos auxiliam e regulamentam as Leis contábeis no foco de conversão da moeda, com o principal objetivo de estar convergentes e padronizadas. Nesse sentido conclui-se que a harmonização das normas contábeis é necessária e inevitável, visto que fortalece a profissão e a linguagem contábil que cada vez mais se padroniza mundialmente, mesmo reconhecendo-se que existem diferenças tributárias entre países. Deste modo faz-se necessário estar sempre atualizado. O contador do século XXI terá que se tornar um profissional com muito mais organização e disciplina, e sua profissão já está caracterizada pela modernidade e variedade em campos de atuação. O estudo realizado através de pesquisa bibliográfica, também, em normas americanas e brasileiras. Citando principais divergências e convergências entre os países. Sendo de principal importância para os estudiosos e profissionais da área. / The crisis in the world economy in 2008 brought with it numerous opportunities for growth and internationalization for Brazilian companies, as disclosed by PwC Brazil, based on the newspaper Valor Economico research. The internationalization of these companies and the growth opportunities, put forward new legal responsibilities, including the introduced by the Accounting Pronouncements Committee (CPC), in its technical pronouncement # 2, regulated by Resolution No. 640/10 of the Brazilian Securities Commission. This statement has similar characteristics to Statement 52 of the Financial Accounting Standarts Board (FASB) US and aims to improve the quality of accounting information, providing greater transparency and credibility to the financial statements at the international level. In this globalized scenario, Brazil needs to equate to more than one hundred countries have adapted their standards to the international context and start recording a single accounting language. Therefore, aims at presenting what conditions the CPC 2 brought to the Brazilian companies to internationalize their business and what are the main similarities and differences between the CPC 2 and 52. These FASB pronouncements and help regulate the accounting laws on currency conversion focus with the main objective to be convergent and standardized. In this sense it is concluded that the harmonization of accounting standards is necessary and inevitable, as strengthens the profession and the accounting language and increasingly standardizes worldwide. Of course, knowing that there is tax differences between countries. In this mode it is necessary to be always up to date. The XXI Century counter will have to become a professional with more organization and discipline, and their profession is already characterized by modernity and variety in fields. The study conducted through literature search also in American and Brazilian standards. Citing major differences and similarities between countries. It is of prime importance to scholars and professionals.

A crise vivida pela economia mundial em 2008 trouxe consigo inúmeras oportunidades de crescimento e internacionalização para empresas brasileiras, conforme divulgação da Pwc (Price Waterhouse e Coopers), com base na pesquisa do Jornal Valor Econômico. A internacionalização dessas empresas, além das oportunidades de crescimento, aduziu novas responsabilidades legais, entre elas a introduzida pelo Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis (CPC), em seu pronunciamento técnico nº 2, regulamentado pela Deliberação n° 640/10 da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários. Esse pronunciamento possui características semelhantes ao Statement nº 52 do Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) norte-americano e visa melhorar a qualidade das informações contábeis, proporcionando maior transparência e credibilidade às demonstrações contábeis no âmbito internacional. Neste cenário globalizado, o Brasil necessita se equiparar aos mais de cem países que já adaptaram suas normas ao contexto internacional e começar a utilizar uma única linguagem contábil. Portanto, objetiva-se com esse estudo examinar as exigências que o CPC 2 trouxe para as empresas brasileiras que internacionalizaram seus negócios e quais as principais semelhanças e diferenças entre o CPC 2 e o FASB 52. Estes pronunciamentos auxiliam e regulamentam as Leis contábeis no foco de conversão da moeda, com o principal objetivo de estar convergentes e padronizadas. Nesse sentido conclui-se que a harmonização das normas contábeis é necessária e inevitável, visto que fortalece a profissão e a linguagem contábil que cada vez mais se padroniza mundialmente, mesmo reconhecendo-se que existem diferenças tributárias entre países. Deste modo faz-se necessário estar sempre atualizado. O contador do século XXI terá que se tornar um profissional com muito mais organização e disciplina, e sua profissão já está caracterizada pela modernidade e variedade em campos de atuação. O estudo realizado através de pesquisa bibliográfica, também, em normas americanas e brasileiras. Citando principais divergências e convergências entre os países. Sendo de principal importância para os estudiosos e profissionais da área. / The crisis in the world economy in 2008 brought with it numerous opportunities for growth and internationalization for Brazilian companies, as disclosed by PwC Brazil, based on the newspaper Valor Economico research. The internationalization of these companies and the growth opportunities, put forward new legal responsibilities, including the introduced by the Accounting Pronouncements Committee (CPC), in its technical pronouncement # 2, regulated by Resolution No. 640/10 of the Brazilian Securities Commission. This statement has similar characteristics to Statement 52 of the Financial Accounting Standarts Board (FASB) US and aims to improve the quality of accounting information, providing greater transparency and credibility to the financial statements at the international level. In this globalized scenario, Brazil needs to equate to more than one hundred countries have adapted their standards to the international context and start recording a single accounting language. Therefore, aims at presenting what conditions the CPC 2 brought to the Brazilian companies to internationalize their business and what are the main similarities and differences between the CPC 2 and 52. These FASB pronouncements and help regulate the accounting laws on currency conversion focus with the main objective to be convergent and standardized. In this sense it is concluded that the harmonization of accounting standards is necessary and inevitable, as strengthens the profession and the accounting language and increasingly standardizes worldwide. Of course, knowing that there is tax differences between countries. In this mode it is necessary to be always up to date. The XXI Century counter will have to become a professional with more organization and discipline, and their profession is already characterized by modernity and variety in fields. The study conducted through literature search also in American and Brazilian standards. Citing major differences and similarities between countries. It is of prime importance to scholars and professionals.

No abstract available. Copyright / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Accounting / unrestricted

Typical accounting studies attempting to explain accounting method choice employ positive theoretical hypotheses and test for association between adoption method or adoption timing and economic measures that focus upon specific firm stakeholders. Such studies addressing the adoption and impact of SFAS 87, "Employer's Accounting for Pensions," yield mixed and contradicting results. Various researchers have suggested that traditional economic analysis often fails to capture important explanatory variables and is far too simplistic. The purpose of this study is to expand analysis by evaluating a particular accounting choice by means of three different characterizations. SFAS 106, "Employers' Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other than Pensions," allows management to choose between two very different methods of adopting the standard. The principal question explored in this study is: why did managers of firms that employ defined benefit postretirement plans for benefits other than pensions choose to adopt SFAS 106 using a particular method? The research question is explored by means of three different characterizations: 1) a traditional economic characterization; 2) a sociopolitical characterization); and 3) a joint decision characterization. Logit methodology is used with method of SFAS 106 adoption as the binary dependent variable of interest. Results indicate that all three characterizations are important in understanding the SFAS 106 adoption method choice. Further, each characterization adds separate information toward comprehension of the choice, supporting the notion of the complexity of accounting choice issues.

M.Com. (International Accounting) / Post-employment benefits under IAS 19 include defined benefit plans (DBP’s) and defined contribution plans. The accounting for defined contribution plans is fairly straightforward, since accrual accounting is applied and the employer entity’s legal or constructive obligation is limited to the amount the employer entity agrees to contribute to the defined contribution plan. In contrast, the accounting for DBP’s is complicated and provides a promise/guarantee of future benefits and the investment and actuarial risk of the plan lies with the employer entity. The literature review indicated that accounting and presentation of DBP’s is complicated because of the long-term nature of the liability/asset that is raised for the plan. There are many uncertainties involved in estimating the liability as this involves looking into the future and making estimates and assumptions about the future. The literature also indicated factors such as the market performance of assets, and inaccurate or unrealistic assumptions and decisions that delay making payments to DBP’s affects the funding status. Actuaries and accountants differ somewhat in the roles they play in determining the amount for DBP’s, with accountants choosing the accrued benefit method. The problem with DBP’s is that they are of a long-term nature and require estimates and assumptions to be made in calculating the DBP liability/asset. The long-term nature affects the adequacy of the liability/asset recognised for DBP’s and the related disclosure in the financial statements of large listed companies. The objective of the minor dissertation is to perform a content analysis on the presentation and disclosure of DBPs in the financial statements of a sample of Johannesburg Stock Exchange listed companies in South Africa. The research approach applied includes a broad assessment of the current status of DBP’s and defined contribution plans operated by the top 40 Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) listed companies, followed by a quantitative and qualitative assessment on the disclosures provided by these companies’ financial statements.

Prior to the issuance of Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 8 (SFAS No. 8), there was a marked inconsistency in the area of accounting for foreign currency translation. Though designed to make the diverse accounting practices of multinational corporations (MNCs) more compatible, SFAS No. 8 was the subject of a great deal of criticism, eventually leading to the issuance of Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 52 (SFAS No. 52). SFAS No. 52 differs from SFAS No. 8 on objectives and method of translation, and on accounting treatments of translation adjustments. This dissertation provides an empirical examination of the security market reaction to the accounting policy change embodied in SFAS No. 52, and its impact on the volatility of reported earnings of MNCs. The effects of the issuance and early adoption of SFAS No. 52 on security return distributions were determined by both cross-sectional comparisons of cumulative average residuals (CAR) between MNCs and domestic firms and between early and late adopters, and by time-series tests on CAR of MNCs. Two volume analyses were performed to test the effects of SFAS No. 52 on security volume. The first analysis was adjusted to remove the effects of the marketwide factors on volume, and the second analysis was unadjusted for the market influences. Four nonparametric tests were used in testing the effects of SFAS No. 52 vis-a-vis SFAS No. 8 on the volatility of reported earnings of MNCs. The findings of this study led to the following conclusions: (1) SFAS No. 52 had significantly affected security returns of MNCs, but had no significant effects on security volume of MNCs; (2) the early adoption of SFAS No. 52 had no effects on security returns and volume of early adopters as opposed to late adopters; and (3) SFAS No. 52 did not have any significant effects on the volatility of reported earnings of MNCs. However, the impact of exchange adjustments on MNCs* earnings under SFAS No. 52 was significantly affected by the size of foreign operations and industry classifications.