La personne morale ne peut consentir que par l'intermédiaire de ses organes sociaux. Ceux-ci ont pour fonction d'exprimer la volonté sociale en exerçant les pouvoirs qui leur sont attribués par la loi ou les statuts. Ce dispositif particulier, inhérent à l'abstraction radicale qui caractérise la personnalité morale, conduit trop souvent à considérer que le consentement d'une personne morale se réduit à un acte de représentation et, en conséquence, à apprécier ce consentement en la personne des organes représentants. Nous avons d'abord analysé la spécificité du consentement du fait de la personnalité morale (Première partie) à partir de ses deux composantes essentielles : la prise décisionnelle d'une part, l'acte de représentation d'autre part. II s'avère que le consentement de la personne morale, loin d'être réductible à un seul acte de représentation, est un processus organique organisé dans lequel la phase décisionnelle tient une place essentielle. Nous avons ensuite examiné l'approche juridique du consentement adaptée à la personnalité morale (Seconde partie). Après avoir étudié les modalités d'application des qualités ordinaires - individualité et intégrité - que doit revêtir le consentement de la personne morale, nous avons relevé les fonctions originales que ce consentement est susceptible de remplir. Si le consentement de la personne morale est toujours l'expression de l'intérêt social, d'autres fonctions peuvent également lui être assignées. Ainsi se présente-t-il actuellement comme un vecteur des bonnes pratiques de gouvernance. / The legal entity can give its consent only through its management bodies. The latter's functions are to express the social wishes by exercising their powers that have be attributed to them by law or by statutes. This specific measure, which is inherent to the radical abstraction that characterizes the legal entity, too often leads to the idea that the consent of the legal entity is reduced to an act of representation and thus leads to assessing this consent in its representing bodies. We have, first of all, analysed the special feature of the consent in light of the legal entity (First Part) through Iwo essential componants: the decision making on the one hand, the act of representation on the other hand. The consent of the legal entity proves to be far more than one single act of representation and actually a structured organic process in which the decision making phase holds an essential spot. We have then, second of ail, analysed the legal aspect of the consent suited to the legal entity (Second Part). After studying the implementing provisions of the usual features - individuality and integrity - that the consent of a legal entity needs to take on, we have raised the original functions that this consent is susceptible to fulfill. I the consent of the legal entity is always the expression of the social interest, other functions can also be assigned to it. Thus it can actually be a vector of good corporate governance practices.

The thesis deals with an acting on behalf of legal entity. Its aim is not to produce a comprehensive elaboration on the subject matter but to focus on judicial decisions of the higher courts with an effort to fill in gaps in legislation and to clarify dubious parts of the legal text. Chapter One is introductory and defines basic institutes used in the thesis such as management of the company, acting on behalf of legal entity and decision-making. Chapter Two examines an acting on behalf of the corporation by its corporate agent, a set manner of acting, its limitation and consequences of a concurrence of the agents. The chapter briefly mentions an acting in the name of a company before its incorporation and some aspects of powers of a proctor. Chapter Three concentrates on a representation of a legal entity with focus on a substantive representation. In its beginning, there is a brief characterization of a statutory representation and a representation under the power of attorney. Subsequently, the chapter describes individual types of representation by - a chief executive of the structural unit of the legal entity (s. 13/3 of the Commercial Code), a person authorized to certain conduct (s. 15), other person currently present in business premises (s. 16). Finally, it deals with a representation under the power...

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