In what French philosopher Gilles Deleuze labelled Control Societies, mechanisms reminiscent of censorship – that is, restriction of information that administrators of power wish to regulate the spreading of – are present in the concept of copyright. This kind of censorship has the advantage of not being scrutinized by public eyes in the way that the work of institutionalized censorship agencies such as the Swedish Statens Biografbyrå was. It is not unlikely that expanded possibilities for punishing anyone who spreads copyrighted material will result in larger and larger areas that may not be accessed, as the avoiding of conflict and repressive actions will emphasize the behaviour to take detours around information that is deemed taboo and therefore suspicious and dangerous. The ACTA trade agreement is one proposed tool for such extended possibilities for punishment. This essay does not however claim that copyright and censorship are the same – but rather that the institutional execution of power that was previously a matter of state censorship has a lot of similarities with current and prognosticated application of copyright laws by corporations. While claiming to protect the individual, the disciplinary power executed actually aims to protect the one executing it; the purpose of the power structure is to replicate itself.

För att utvärdera en metod för tillämpad kognitiv uppgiftsanalys, ACTA (Applied Cognitive Task Analysis), har anställda på Saab AB genomfört ACTA genom att intervjua flygförare. ACTA består av tre intervjutekniker och skapades av Klein Associates Inc. ACTA är en metod som kan användas i tillämpade sammanhang för att ta fram aspekter av experters beslutsfattande. Denna rapport redovisar en utvärdering av CDT (Cognitive Demands Table), vilket är tabeller över kognitiva krav sammanställda av datamängden insamlad i intervjuerna. Utvärderingens syfte var att avgöra huruvida praktiker kan sammanställa en CDT med högt innehåll av kognitiva poster. Tabellerna har vidare presenterats för ett flertal personer engagerade i systemdesign eller forskning i beslutsfattande. Resultaten visar att praktiker kan sammanställa en CDT med hög andel kognitivt innehåll och att tabellen upplevs vara användbar både inom systemdesign och forskning. Dessutom presenteras förslag på hur ACTA kan anpassas för att stödja systemdesign.

Denna rapport redogör för en utvärdering av praktisk tillämpning av ACTA (Applied Cognitive Task Analysis). Studien har genomförts vid Saab AB (publ) i Linköping. ACTA består av tre intervjutekniker och resulterar i en tabell över kognitiva krav. Metoden är speciellt utvecklad för att kunna användas av praktiker, utan kunskap om kognitiv psykologi eller human factors. Metoden är tänkt att utgöra ett verktyg med vars hjälp praktiker kan ta fram de expertkunskaper mycket erfarna personer besitter, för att sedan använda informationen som underlag för exempelvis systemdesign. I utvärderingen deltog civilingenjörer som intervjuledare, och de intervjuade experterna var stridsflygförare från Saab och FMV. Personer med mycket stor domänkunskap validerade informationen som framkom genom ACTA:s tillämpning, med avseende på i vilken grad innehållet kan betraktas som expertkunskap. Studien visar att metoden i stort fungerar som den är tänkt, d.v.s att den kan tillämpas av praktiker för att ta fram expertkunskap

This final thesis analyzes the most represented complex software products for management of law offices on the Czech market. At the beginning of this paper are described specifics of law offices with their classification applicable for the Czech Republic and facts that distinguish the advocacy from other fields. The next part follows with characterization of particular law office, activities of this office and software products which are used there. Other part of this work is focused on a process analysis of the mentioned law office which is introduced by a theoretical base of process modeling. Defined key processes were modeled and then options for their software support were specified. Criteria for evaluating software products were identified based on the information obtained during the preparation phase. After selection of the three most represented products these products were described and evaluated. Other chapters of this work are focused on the software which is called Acta Safe and which was developed by AiP Safe, s.r.o. Strengths and weaknesses of this software were specified in comparison to selected products of competition and then modifications and improvements were proposed. At the end of this paper are presented results of the survey. This survey was attended by lawyers and articled clerks from various sized law offices. The aim of this questionnaire survey was to determine if there is a connection between focus of the law offices and the need of using a software solution for a law office. How such software is selected, what implementation of the software brings and why there are some law offices that do not use such software. Answers to these questions are provided at the end of this thesis.

Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2009. / Title from screen (viewed on August 28, 2009). Department of History, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Eric L. Saak. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 540-548).

This article starts by analyzing the concept of Due Process and its scope over the administrative procedures. Also, the concept of the Right to Evidence, as an element of Due Process, is explained. Then, an analysis of the relationship between the supervisory procedures and the Due Process is developed, in order to check whether if its requirements are fulfilled by the Public Administration in order to obtain a Valid Evidence after a monitoring or an inspection. Finally, the analysis is focused on the actions of the Peruvian Regulatory Agencies, specifically, during the issuing of an Inspection Report after a Supervisory Procedure. / En primer lugar, se analiza el contenido del derecho fundamental al Debido Proceso y su aplicación en el trámite de los procedimientos administrativos. A continuación, se procede a desarrollar los alcances del derecho a la prueba como elemento integrante del “estándar mínimo” del Debido Proceso. Asimismo, se desarrolla un análisis respecto de la aplicación del Principio de Inmaculación en las actuaciones de supervisión o inspección realizadas por la Administración Pública. Finalmente, nos enfocamos en la aplicación del Principio de Inmaculación durante la realización de las actuaciones administrativas destinadas a la elaboración de las Actas de Supervisión, que son levantadas al momento de la finalización de toda acción de supervisión.

The aim of presented dissertation is the analysis of diplomatic relations Acta Legationis Moscoviticae. These relations are reports, which were sented to Vienna by imperial envoy Stephan Wilhelm Kinsky during his activity on the tsarist court in Sankt-Peterburg and Moscow in 1721-1722. On the basis of this source, the main interest is concentrated on the course of Kinskys diplomatic mission and on tasks, which he should fulfil as the envoy. The dissertation, beside other things, puts the task to evaluate diplomatic relations as the source for history of diplomacy and history of international relations. In the dissertation is introduced life and career of Stephan Wilhelm Kinsky and his personality. The attention is also paid to the most importants measures of Peter I. in defined period, mainly the concluding of Treaty of Nystad, proclaiming Peter as Emperor of All Russia and issue of manifesto about successory. The dissertation also tries to depict the turning period in Russian Empire after the end of Great Northern War and focuses on the atmosphere of court society at that time. The dissertation puts the question, which of points of instructions from Vienna court were fulfilled or not fulfilled by bohemian nobleman. The Kinskys mission is approached as the part of process of negotiation about...

In my diploma thesis i deal with legal aspects of the protection of sound recordings of musical compositions in the Czech Republic and the Russian Federation. In connection with the development of modern technoligies that facilitate access to copyright works, for example the internet, protection of copyright and rights related to copyright is becoming a very important and should be corresponding. The first chapter deals with the definition of the basic concepts of copyright. The second chapter focuses on the issue of copyright infringement and infringement of related rights in the Czech Republic and Russia. In the following section copyright's international treaties (TRIPS, ACTA and others) are analyzed and liabilities, which arise from them. The fourth chapter deals with the issue of enforcement of copyright. In the last chapter, I compare effectiveness of Czech and Russian legal norms for the protection of copyright, based on anonymous sociological research among university students relatively to the origin of audio recordings of musical compositions.

The dissertation examines the enforcement of monetary claims in cases of intellectual property rights infringement. It focuses on the Act n. 221/2006 Sb. on the enforcement of intellectual property and on the directive 2004/48/EC of the European parliament and of the Council. The main aim is to evaluate the extent of monetary claims especially with regard on possible overlap or mutual consumption of the claims.The second aim is the analysis of English terminology in relation to the nearest Czech equivalents. The dissertation uses methods of logic induction and abstraction and the international multilateral comparative method, where the use of language plays a crucial role. The exact method of modelling combined with mathematical game theory is used. The dissertation progressively explains terms and relevant enactments. It introduces existing ambiguities. It tries to clarify them by analysing the EU legislation, the implementations in different member states, the statutory and common law in the USA. Consecutively it focuses on unjust enrichment in English law, then in the USA and in the continental system, where this institute is set negatively -- as the unjustified enrichment. Within the whole thesis the analysis takes place in relation to intellectual property rights infringement. In the penultimate chapter, TRIPS and ACTA are compared with the directive 2004/48/EC to provide further explanations. The dissertation concludes that a parallel award of damages and infringer's profits theoretically is possible, when it is not a single flow of value which is concerned by the infringement. The dissertation negatively replies to the question if damages and infringer's profits may be awarded concurrently in two separate lump-sum amounts according to § 5 (2) or (3) of the Act n. 221/2006 Sb. The reason is that the rate of the royalty is applied to sales of the infringer. These sales relate to the unjust enrichment of the infringer. If damages were again calculated by applying the same rate to the same sales, that would be double recovery. But theoretically this possibility cannot be excluded. A real-world example is very hard to find, even in the non-lump-sum form. Collateral sales awarded with lost profit in US law may serve as one. From the EU documents it seems, that infringer's profits is equalled to unjust enrichment and that is translated as unjustified enrichment. But English theory distinguishes restitution of unjust enrichment and gain-based recovery for wrong, the latter encompassing the award of infringer's profits in the form of damages. The broader Czech notion of unjustified enrichment is not to be equalled to unjust enrichment in the pure English notion, because the former encompasses also intentional wrongs. With regard to the restitution of infringer's profits based on unjust enrichment, the intent plays a role. The broader notion of unjust enrichment relevant to intellectual property rights infringement is called interceptive unjust enrichment, where enrichment "from the property of the plaintiff" is at stake and it is also possible to claim profits gained by the infringement. Focus is on the enrichment "from the property", not on the wrong. The dissertation examines the terms "account of profits", apportionment of profits", "disgorgement" and impure negotiorum gestio with regard to intellectual property infringement. In several countries reasonable royalty is regarded as good measure of net gain from the infringement of intellectual property. When the infringement was not innocent or wilful, it's possible to claim not only the objective enrichment but also the subjective enrichment -- profits of the infringer. In Czech law, that is represented by the emoluments from the enrichment. The aim of the last chapter is to evaluate, in the context of the operation of other relevant elements of legal environment, the preventive function of the double royalty claim introduced by the Act n. 221/2006 Sb. By construing a game theory model and using simulation, the thesis concludes that in lower royalty intervals, where attorney's costs are a high burden, the effect of the double royalty is insignificant. Where "more significant infringements" are at stake, and the royalty passes a given frontier, the application of the double royalty heightens the preventive function of the Act. Those "more significant infringements" have two intervals -- with the highest effect of the double royalty and with the "stabilized effect of the double royalty". But overall, in cases of "more significant infringements", the application of the double represents a heightening of the preventive power by a third and fifth respectively, and this is true only in the case, where the prospective infringers would try to calculate the effect of their infringement before infringing.

Face à la "mondialisation" du fléau de la contrefaçon, les États ont édicté l'Accord ADPIC pour harmoniser, à l'échelle internationale, les règles de protection des droits de propriété intellectuelle et les moyens de les faire respecter contre la contrefaçon. L'Accord ADPIC est le premier traité multilatéral qui prévoit de véritables "moyens de faire respecter les droits de propriété intellectuelle". Sa partie III consacre un important volet aux prescriptions spéciales aux frontières, aux procédures et mesures correctives, civiles et pénales destinées à lutter contre la contrefaçon. Signataires de l'Accord ADPIC, les seize États membres de l'Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle (OAPI) ont révisé le 24 février 1999, leur législation commune l'Accord de Bangui afin de se conformer à leurs engagements internationaux. Cette étude consacrée aux marques, catégorie des droits de propriété intellectuelle la plus connue mais aussi la plus contrefaite de l'espace OAPI, démontre que les exigences de l'Accord ADPIC ne sont pas respectées plusieurs années après sa ratification. La première partie de cette étude consiste en une analyse critique des règles de protection de la marque. La seconde partie met en exergue le non respect des droits des détenteurs de marques contre la contrefaçon. Après avoir souligné les nombreuses contingences qui entament l'efficacité des moyens de lutte contre la contrefaçon, une série de mesures est proposée afin d'améliorer le respect des droits de marques en particulier et de propriété intellectuelle en général. / Faced with the "globalization" of the scourge of counterfeiting, states have enacted the TRIPS Agreement to harmonize on an international scale the rules of protection of intellectual property rights and means to enforce them against counterfeiting. The TRIPS Agreement is the first multilateral treaty that provides real "means of enforcing intellectual property rights." Part III devotes an important part on special border requirements, procedures and remedies, civil and criminal measures to fight against counterfeiting. As signatories of the TRIPS Agreement, the sixteen members of the African Intellectual Property Organization (AIPO) revised on the 24th February 1999, their common law the Bangui Agreement in order to comply with their international commitments. This study on trademarks, the best known category of intellectual property but also the most counterfeited in the AIPO space, demonstrates that the requirements of the TRIPS Agreement are not met several years after its ratification. The first part of this study is a critical analysis of the rules of trademarks protection. The second part highlights the disregard for the rights of trademarks owners against counterfeiting. Having underlined the many contingencies that cut into the effectiveness of the fight against counterfeiting, a serie of measures is proposed to improve the rights of particular trademarks and intellectual property in general.