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Orientador: Heloisa Andre Pontes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T23:06:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sobral_LuisFelipeBueno_M.pdf: 2583169 bytes, checksum: b202082b75528544c470fe263c30c39d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: As páginas seguintes consistem em uma etnografia histórica do olhar hollywoodiano. Em particular, descreve a sedimentação da persona cinematográfica de Humphrey Bogart (1899-1957) na primeira metade da década de 1940. O foco analítico é duplo: por um lado, está atento às relações de gênero inscritas em suas performances; por outro, procura relacionar sua trajetória social e a estrutura de produção industrial de Hollywood. Uma descontinuidade interpõe-se entre a interpretação do artista diante da câmera e sua imagem projetada na tela: o trabalho de vários outros profissionais (roteirista, técnico de som, editor etc.) completa o processo até o lançamento do filme, quando é avaliado por público e crítica. No cinema, a performance artística submete-se à câmera, que executa a mediação de todo o processo; ao aparato técnico corresponde a persona cinematográfica, que não se resume nem ao intérprete nem aos seus personagens: ao mesmo tempo em que une estes - delineando um modelo de gênero -, também proporciona àquele o estabelecimento social na estrutura de produção. O caso de Bogart oferece um recorte circunscrito porque sua persona emergiu de forma linear em meia década (após anos de investimento), quando Hollywood se organizava em um modo de produção denominado sistema de estúdios, no qual cada estúdio desenvolvia um estilo próprio e controlava toda a produção industrial de um filme, do roteiro à exibição - e, portanto, a autonomia relativa do artista era estreitíssima. Através de uma série de pistas oriundas de fontes diversas (filmes, literatura, biografias, historiografia), esta dissertação argumenta que experiência social e cultura visual são inseparáveis, defende que a persona de Bogart (símbolo canônico de masculinidade) alimentava-se da tensão dramática entre a indiferença aparente e a vulnerabilidade súbita, e, finalmente, demonstra que a relação entre Bogart e sua persona caracterizava-se pela alteridade / Abstract: The following pages consist in a historical ethnography of the Hollywood eye. In particular, it describes the sedimentation of the screen persona of Humphrey Bogart (1899- 1957) in the first half of the 1940s. The analytical focus is twofold: on the one hand, pays attention to the gender relations inscribed in his performances; on the other, seeks to relate his social trajectory and Hollywood's industrial structure of production. A discontinuity goes between an artist's interpretation in front of the camera and his/her correspondent projected image on the screen: the work of numerous other professionals (screenwriter, sound technician, editor etc.) completes the process until the film release, when it is evaluated by public and critic. In cinema, the artistic performance is submited to the camera, that executes the mediation of the entire process; to the technical apparatus corresponds the screen persona, that does not resume itself to the interpreter nor his/her characters: at the same time that unites these - outlining a model of gender - it also supplies to the former the social setting in the structure of production. The Bogart case offers a circumscribed picture because his persona emerged in a linear form in half a decade (after years of investment), when Hollywood organized itself through a mode of production called studio system, where each studio developed its own style and controlled the entire industrial production of a film, from screenplay to exhibition - and therefore the relative autonomy of the artist was very narrow. Through a series of clues collected from various sources (films, literature, biographies, historiography), this dissertation argues that social experience and visual culture are inseparable, defends that Bogart's persona (a canonical symbol of masculinity) was nourished by the dramatic tension between the apparent indifference and the sudden vulnerability, and finally demonstrates that the relation between Bogart and his persona was characterized by otherness / Mestrado / Antropologia Social / Mestre em Antropologia Social

The purpose of this study is to develop a better understanding of how negative behavior affects a celebrity's public image.

In this thesis I conduct a comparative analysis of the influence of socioeconomic actors, business and labor, on public policy in Germany and the United States, specifically public policy that has an impact on economic inequality. The objective of this study is to gain a better understanding of how institutional constructs may determine the level of influence by different socioeconomic actors on public policy. In particular, I examine the link between institutional design and economic inequality, specifically the relative influence of business interests in varying types of capitalist economies and democratic systems, and assess those facets of institutional design that may facilitate the channeling of business influence in policy making. I explore institutional changes in the German political and economic system beginning in the late 1980s to determine whether these changes have altered the policy making process over time, and analyze similarities with institutional changes that have taken place in the United States beginning in the late 1970s to present. Further, I examine whether shifts in institutional design indicate that the German system is transitioning towards a more liberal model similar to that of the United States, and consider what effects this may have on the level of economic inequality in Germany. To conduct my analysis I use the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework; based on the IAD framework I create a conceptual map of the channels by which socioeconomic actors are involved in the policy making process. I evaluate the policy-making process in both formal and informal policy arenas. The policy areas analyzed include corporate governance, industrial relations, and tax, welfare and minimum wage policy during the selected time periods. The analysis shows that the institutional designs that produced the selected policies benefit business interests and may contribute towards economic inequality. The larger goal is to develop research that will build a theoretical foundation to help us identify how these systems may be improved to produce a more equitable allocation of economic resources.