My diploma thesis deals with the addictive substances in road transport, especially with alcohol and other narcotic drugs used by drivers of motorized and non-motorized vehicles. The thesis is divided into three main parts. First chapter provides the definition and clarification of the terms. Second chapter, Substantive law, contains two subchapters, Criminal law and Administrative law. The subchapter Criminal law analyzes crimes that can be committed in conjunction with the addictive substances in road transport, namely endangerment under influence of an addictive substance according to § 274 TZ, general endangerment and general endangerment alleging negligence according to § 272 TZ and § 273 TZ and inebriation according to § 360 TZ. The most attention is paid to the offence of endangerment under the influence of an addictive substance, which is, as the most frequently committed crime in connection with the addictive substances, analyzed in terms of elements of crime, complicity and participation, stages of the commission of the crime, qualified elements of crime and sanctions. The second subchapter, Administrative law, examines three mostly committed minor offences related to the addictive substances in road transport. These are minor offences according to § 125c odst. 1 písm. b), písm. c) and...

The Question of Self-induced Insanity The aim of this thesis is to cover the question of self-induced insanity in its complexity. The thesis is divided into eleven chapters, in which this part of criminal law is analysed. The topic of criminal liability of insane offenders (even those insane due to their own conduct) represents an interesting part of criminal law. One of the main reasons is the fact that the solution to the problem of criminal liability of insane offenders can lead to the breach of one of the main principles of criminal law - the principle of culpability - on one hand, or to the failure of one of the main functions of the criminal law - the protection of society and its interest and values against the most dangerous conduct prohibited by the law - on the other. The text is concerned mainly with the current legal arrangement of self-induced insanity in the Czech Republic. The legal arrangement in effect adopted the theoretical concept of a special criminal offense and a full criminal liability for the actio libera in causa construction. These provisions deal with situations, where the offender through the voluntary application of addictive substances caused his own insanity and in this state committed an act which would constitute a crime were it not for the absence of the...

Vyresnių klasių mokinių elgesio ypatumai bei požiūris į sveikatą dažnai lemia vėlesnio gyvenimo kokybę. Didelis priklausomybę sukeliančių medžiagų vartojimas, savižudiško elgesio dažnėjimas tarp jaunų žmonių kelia susirūpinimą. Tokio elgesio priežastys kompleksinės: biologinės, psichologinės ir socialinės. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti vyresnių klasių mokinių asmenybės savybių, įvertintų MMPI metodika, sąsajas su savo sveikatos vertinimu ir save žalojančiu elgesiu. Tyrimas buvo atliktas Pagėgių Algimanto Mackaus, Tauragės Žalgirių, Salantų ir Šilutės Vydūno gimnazijose. Dalyvavo 725, 9-12 kl. mokiniai (41% vaikinai, 59% merginos), jų amžius svyruoja nuo 15 iki 19 metų. Tiriamųjų asmenybės savybėms įvertinti buvo naudojama MMPI metodika, savo sveikatos vertinimui - savo sveikatos vertinimo faktorius, save žalojančiam elgesiui – beprasmiškumo ir minčių apie mirtį faktoriai, priklausomybę sukeliančių medžiagų vartojimui – atskiri klausimai. Aukštėjant klinikinių MMPI skalių įverčiams blogėja savo sveikatos vertinimas, didėja priklausomybę sukeliančias medžiagas vartojančių mokinių skaičius, stiprėja polinkis savižudybei. Aukštėjant D, Pd, Pt, Sc, Ma skalių įverčiams, mokiniai linkę blogiau vertinti savo sveikatą. Didesnis mokinių priklausomybę sukeliančių medžiagų vartojimas siejasi su aukštesniais Pd, Pt, Sc, Ma skalių įverčiais, rūkymas daugiau skiriasi aukštesniais D, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma, Si įverčiais, o alkoholio ir kitų narkotinių medžiagų vartojimas skiriasi aukštesniais Pd... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Senior classes pupils behavioral features and attitudes to health often leads to subsequent quality of life. Intense usage of addictive substances and suicidal behavior among young people is in concern. Reasons of such behaviour are complex: biological, psychological and social. Objective of the study was to determine senior classes pupils personality characteristics, valuated with MMPI questionnaire, links to self-assessed health and self-harmful behavior. The study was conducted in Pagėgiai Algimantas Mackus, Tauragė Žalgiriai, Salantai and Šilutė Vidūnas gymnasiums. 725 pupils in grades 9-12 participated (41% guys, 59% girls), from 15 to 19 years old. MMPI questionnaire was used to evaluate personality characteristics, health evaluation factor for assessment of own health, thought about death and futility factors for evaluation of self-demaging behavior, separate issues for addictive substances usage. When MMPI clinical scale ratings increase, health is assessed worse, more pupils use addictive substances, increase tendency to suicide. Pupils with higher D, Pd, Pt, Sc, Ma scale ratings tend to assess their own health worse. Higher usage of addictive substances links to higher Pd, Pt, Sc, Ma scale ratings, smoking more links to higher D, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma, Si scale ratings, alcohol and other drug usage more links to higher Pd, Sc, Ma ratings. Increase of Hs, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma scale ratings links to higher tendency to suicide.

I selected the topic "Experience of secondary school students and vocational school students in the territory of the town Pilsen with narcotics and psychotropic drugs" for my diploma thesis. Substances that change consciousness have been known throughout the history of mankind. Newer substances, helping individuals to improve their physical and psychical abilities, keep appearing. This reason resulted in an increased demand for such "miraculous" substances in the past years. Life conditions have significantly changed lately, life has become hurried and confusing; striving for money, power, success or admiration prevails. That is why people are forced to pretend that they can cope with stressful situations, when they have to mask any failure or insecurities by never ending search for new resources and possibilities that could help them to stand such situations. The Diploma thesis gives an overview of the well-known substances that are being abused nowadays and the classification of these addictive substances, the work also deals with health and social consequences of drug abuse and, finally yet importantly, provides information about the danger of drug abuse, causes of its development and possibilities of prevention of this problem not only at schools, but also in private lives of adolescents, who are the most susceptible group in today's world. This work also includes statistic surveys that were conducted by distinguished organisations within the territory of the Czech Republic and that were subsequently compared with my own questionnaire survey. In order to find out what experience do students have with narcotics and psychotropic substances, a questionnaire was compiled and distributed for completion among students of selected secondary schools and vocational schools in the territory of the town Pilsen. Although the results of the empiric part of the Diploma thesis proved that the students had experience with narcotics and psychotropic substances, most of the cases related just to experimenting with these addictive substances and only a small percentage of students abused drugs from a long-term perspective.

The Czech Republic is one of those countries where it is possible to monitor a trend of excessive hard drinking; and the alcohol consummation is quite common and tolerated phenomenon in this country, the same as smoking of tobacco products. The society toleration is high within this field. Experimenting with habit-forming substances is an integral part of this period; therefore just this became the target of my thesis. The theoretical part brings the knowledge of individual socially tolerated habit-forming substances (alcohol, tobacco, excessive use of medicines, caffeine and anabolic substances) and of the related problems. Furthermore, this part contains specifics of university population. The aim of this thesis was to map the problem of the socially tolerated habit-forming substances in university students in term of the students{\crq} preferences and attitudes towards such substances. Simultaneously, the thesis was to verify two forward hypotheses. This verification was followed by the chosen questioning method by means of questionnaires. The questionnaires were addressed to students of the South Bohemian University in České Budějovice. The research set to collect the questionnaire data is made up by 213 respondents as a whole. H1 Hypothesis supposed that university students use the socially tolerated habit-forming substances to a higher degree during the examination period. This hypothesis was not verified. H2 Hypothesis supposed that the student hostel life encourages and increases use of the socially tolerated habit-forming substances. The observed results brought the verification of such hypothesis. The attitude of the students towards the socially tolerated habit-forming substances is predominantly positive. The thesis brought new knowledge and mapped the situation within the socially tolerated habit-forming substances abuse in university students; hence it can serve to implementation of the effective prevention focused on this specific group.

EN: The misdemeanor of endangering under the influence of addictive substance is one of the most frequently occurring criminal offenses that the Czech society encounters. I have divided my thesis into nine chapters. The first chapter deals with elements of the criminal offense under the influence of addictive substance as divided by legal theory. The second chapter describes the issue of the unlawfulness of the deed. The third chapter deals with an analysis of qualifying circumstances that legislature provided in the second paragraph of the misdemeanor of endangerment under the influence of drugs. The fourth chapter describes the issue and the conditions of participation of persons other than the principal perpetrator of the deed. The sixth chapter deals with the most common criminal offenses that occur along with the abovementioned misdemeanor. The seventh chapter is devoted to the new phenomenon of proving a condition that excludes competence in cases of influencing other addictive substance. In the eighth chapter I focus on the issue of showing of various types of sentences with regard to current practice in relation to sentencing for the deed in question under Section 274 of the Criminal Code. The ninth chapter describes various forms of so-called special methods of proceedings which are used in the...

Background: Problem of a healthy nutrition, mainly vegan nutrition, is the main goal of a lot of studies abroad. It is well known that vegans prefer lifestyle without meat products. This study is draught by using results from a lot of studies, which were published in different journals. Vegans in England and Germany had lower consumption of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis drugs. But how is it in Czech Republic ? Goals: The main goal is to determine what is the menaninf of the term addictive susbtance between vegans and describe prevalence of addictive substances abuse. The second goal is to map attitudes of vegans towards addictive substances use. Sample: Sample was made by 11 vegans, 6 women, 5 men. Respondents were selected by using two methods - snowball sampling and intended selection. Collected data was analysed by the clustering method and pattern recording method. Questionnaire was filled by 153 respondents. Methods: It is based like a qualitative study, where semistructured interview was used for data collection. Collected data were analysed by clustering method. Quantitative part of this study is based like questionnaire, which was analysed by MS Excel tool. Results: The research found out some interesting statistics about vegans. Vegans have separate meaning about addictive substance and...

Children and young people rank among the most endangered social groups. Not only do they go through an important stage of personality formation which could be influenced by many factors, but this phase of personal development influences, to a certain extent, their future lives and the possibility of a fully-fledged social integration. At this stage, children and young people develop stronger perceptual sensitivity of either positive or negative outer factors. These factors can have a stronger impact on children and young people living in an environment which the majority society perceives not as standard, but as a socially excluded, and hence unwanted, locality. The group of children and young people, especially the ones from socially excluded localities, are very often affected by the use of addictive substances. There is a big risk, that members of the group will become regular users of addicted substances which generate further negative effects. The dissertation is focused on the use of addictive substances by children living in socially excluded localities. The aim of the thesis is not only to explain terms like a socially excluded locality, or addictive substance, but also to point out to an extent and kind of perception and knowledge of addictive substances on the part of the monitored group...

This thesis entitled " Student's awareness of selected village and town elementary schools in the Rakovník district about the risk of using addictive substance - alcohol, tobacco" is divided into two main parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is devoted to the characteristics of addictive substances, their history and describes the manifestations of addiction, treatment of addiction and prevention of addiction. Furthermore, the theoretical part is devoted to the problem of substance use by children and adolescents, the consequences and specifics of substance use in children and adolescents are described. Alcohol and tobacco are discussed in more detail. A chapter is also devoted to prevention. The practical part focuses on the investigation of pupils' awareness of the risks of using addictive substances - alcohol and tobacco - by evaluating a questionnaire survey. The results of the practical part showed that pupils had a fairly good knowledge of legal addictive substances, practically without distinction, whether they were pupils of a village school or an urban school. The survey also showed that more emphasis should be placed on the harmfulness of legal highs, because, according to the survey, pupils have a lot of experience with these substances due to the attitude of society,...

My final work is about three basic types of prevention, which are used in the field of narcotic's prevention. It's mostly about secondary and tertiary prevention. Besides the basic terminology you can read about the details of differents preventions, who is responsible for it and also about the treatment of addictive behaviours. In my work you can also find the descriptions of legal and illegal narcotics, which excessive using leads to jones. The questions in the questionaire were created with a respect to the respondents - they are the clients of the mental treatment, who decided to help themselves (sometimes not for the first time).